2025年

The theme of this project is to develop software to facilitate and innovate the design of low-voltage industrial electrical circuits. The goal is to develop a program that makes projects more efficient in terms of time, accuracy, and sustainability, automating dimensions such as calculating conductor cross-sections, protections, single-line diagrams, and analyzing with AI at which points industrial electrical circuits can be more sustainable. The 2023 Electric Energy Yearbook of the Energy Research Company describes that electricity consumption increases 2% per year in Brazil, and industrial installations represent the largest part of the national electrical sector (36.2%). As stated in standard NBR 5410/2004, when developing an installation project, an electrical professional works with several processes, depending on several criteria and calculations to present a reliable electrical installation. Minimal errors in calculations can cause damage to equipment, conductors, and individuals present in the installation. Using software to model these circuits optimizes time and brings more confidence to the project. This work aims to differentiate itself in this field by filling in the gaps in existing solutions for the industry, providing support for Brazilian standards, automatically generating single-line diagrams and presenting suggestions for sustainability in the circuits. The program is developed in Python, based on NBR 5410/2004 and engineering works. The software developed allows the user to size different distribution boards, motors and circuits, calculating the cross-section of the conductors/electrical protections, a particular transformer, and generating a single-line diagram in CAD. The program also presents suggestions aimed at sustainability to reduce material/energy costs. Tests were carried out with electrical engineering companies and students in the technical area, where the software presented high precision and very positive feedback from the interviewees, and it can be said that the work achieved its objectives.

In radiation treatments and manned interplanetary space travel, radiation is one of the biggest problems. The radiotolerance of cancer cells makes it necessary to apply high doses to surrounding healthy tissues by subjecting the cells to heavy stress. With regard to space travel (which involves a minimum travel time of 6 months) (1,2) the danger concerns cosmic radiation which is capable of inducing genetic mutations that, in turn, can evolve into very serious pathologies, such as cancer, damage to dendrites consequently compromising synapses. The project is aimed at developing a technology that can address these issues and aims to make human DNA radioresistant. This study involves a nucleosome-binding protein called DSUP (Damage Suppressor Protein) unique to the tardigrade Ramazzottius Varieornatus and the subject of its radioresistance. It can theoretically safeguard genetic material damaged by radiation. *Internship theme at the Pino Torinese Astronomical Observatory and the DISIT-UPO Environmental Molecular Toxicology Laboratory. The study molecule: Numerous tests have been carried out through the "in silico" approach geared toward mathematical modeling of its protein structure and complex mechanisms of action simulated through artificial intelligence systems, followed by direct laboratory analysis involving biosynthesis of DSUP by genetically modified bacteria and related tests. Both approaches, applied synergistically, aim to make it accessible and useful for the protection of human health.

本研究專題利用混沌電路所產生的信號來實現混沌雷達偵測物體的距離，在實作上面，使用運算放大器、電阻、電感及電容來實現蔡氏電路，並證明可用其混沌狀態發生的紊亂振盪來產生混沌雷達所需的信號，其產生的電壓信號，經由數位儲存示波器取出資料再加上軟體MATLAB的資料處理及信號分析，並使用了類神經網路中的循環神經網路，嘗試回復電路的設計參數，可證實蔡氏電路所產生的混沌信號，用於雷達信號的偵測不容易被破解、干擾且具有高度的安全性，未來極具發展潛力。

本研究開發一種新穎孔洞性吸附材料：金屬有機骨架 (MOF)。MOF 在反應溶液中自組裝形成孔洞結構，透過物理吸附有效捕捉氣相乙酸分子。研發出綠色、快速可在常溫常壓下大量合成三種MOF（HKUST-1(Cu)、UTSA-280(Ca) 及 A520(Al)）方法。此外，為提升材料機械強度和應用價值，採用 PVA 聚合技術製備 MOF 複合物，使其造粒型化更易處理，提升商業和環境應用價值。吸附實驗結果顯示，HKUST-1(Cu) 粉末對乙酸移除率高達98%，而HKUST-1(Cu) PVA 複合物達93%，對比活性碳及其PVA複合物（移除率分別為85%和78%）表現更優異。MOF憑藉優異吸附性能和可大量生產低成本優勢，成為極具潛力有機無機氣體吸附劑，可為半導體產業提供一種維持高標準製程環境精密且簡便解決方案。

本研究旨在設計基於毫米波雷達的數位物理實驗系統，用於精確量化彈簧簡諧運動。傳統物理實驗易受肉眼觀察與手動測量的誤差影響，本系統利用24GHz毫米波雷達結合自製電路板，進行即時、無接觸的運動測量。透過設計電路板、撰寫韌體訊號轉換程式，並進行數位數據分析，成功開發了靈敏的毫米波雷達系統。我們利用彈簧簡諧運動實驗驗證了該系統，觀察不同質量砝碼對彈簧運動頻率的影響。實驗結果顯示，考慮彈簧質量後，測量數據與理論結果的均方根誤差從0.62Hz降低至0.35Hz，顯示出系統的高度精確性及穩定性。本研究成功解決了傳統實驗中的量測誤差問題，以毫米波雷達技術實現了精確觀測。開源設計有助於推廣至學校的物理實驗室，為學生提供先進的實驗工具與數據分析經驗。這展示了毫米波雷達在物理實驗中的應用潛力，並為未來教學實驗提供了高效、低成本的解決方案。

1.1 Short project summary My project involves the conceptualization and development of an innovative approach to modular self-assembling robotic systems. Through its ability to form any complex configuration, the system is highly adaptable to various scenarios and environments. Before delving deeper into the details of my project, I will provide an overview of my background and motivations. 1.2 Background Ever since I first watched the movie "Big Hero 6", I felt amazed by the applications of the so called “microbots”. From that point on, it made me always wonder what would be possible in the real world. When I did the research, I stumbled upon this field of modular robotics. Initially, I was unsure whether to embark on a project focused on electronics and robotics due to my background in programming. On the other side, this year gave me a chance to see the incredible performances of various projects at different science expos. Besides, I took part in the program of CANSAT LU and learned a lot during it, such as microchips, the control of miniature robotics, and the sensors of it. Finally, at school, I took the option Electronics where we dig into similar topics. With this accumulated knowledge and experience I felt confident enough to start this project.

本研究首度以植物學、花粉學、昆蟲學及生態統計學探討臺灣高山傳粉生態網絡。花季中期以蜂類為主，後期為蠅類。昆蟲及植物交互網絡緊密連結無子群體，仰賴優勢物種支撐。蜂期為高山薔薇、玉山櫻草、貓兒菊、信義雄蜂；蠅期為一枝黃花、貓兒菊、家蠅。此兩期昆蟲與植物的穩健性不足，蠅期更易崩解。蜂類訪花具多樣性，蠅類訪花較專一。因蜂類、蠅類習性與身體特徵不相同，蠅類對花展幅 (Visit Unit)大、花冠筒淺、花冠筒筒徑小、還原糖含量高、花粉及花蜜之間的距離大、柱頭面積小的植物較能專一攜帶其花粉。共用傳粉者帶來異種花粉，以GLMM分析同異種花粉數量變化關係，發現一起開花略助於授粉。貓兒菊已入侵成為優勢物種，花粉汙染90%的物種，必須移除。

When a leaf of a plant encounters stress, how does the plant convey the stress signal to other tissues and manage nutrient distribution? This field of study has been largely unexplored. However, the unique interconnected frond structure of Lemna trisulca, along with the use of a divided Petri dish, is very suitable for handling localized stress and investigating the mechanisms of intracellular signaling and nutrient distribution. Research has shown that when the mother leaf experiences localized stress, it releases healthy daughter leaves to minimize collateral damage to the daughter leaves. Conversely, when the daughter leaves face localized stress, the mother leaf chooses to retain them and continues supplying them with nutrients to support their survival. In-depth studies revealed that stressed daughter leaves accumulate Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS), triggering nutrient distribution by sending a distress signal to the mother leaf. This prompts the mother leaf to use Ca2+ as a signaling molecule to deliver nutrients to the daughter leaves. Selective detachment is regulated and triggered by the interaction between Ca2+ and ROS within the mother leaf. When the mother leaf undergoes stress, Ca2+ acts upstream to induce ROS accumulation at the nodes, sending a unidirectional detachment signal to the daughter leaves. This causes ROS accumulation at the daughter leaf nodes, inducing detachment and thereby reducing the collateral damage the daughter leaf could experience due to the mother leaves.

本研究成功以水熱法在 110°C 下合成了約3.90 nm 大小的ZrO2量子點（QDs）。此設計的ZrO2 QDs 能隙為5.03 eV（波長λ < 300 nm），在可見光和紫外光範圍內無明顯吸收特徵，呈現高度惰性和穩定性，適合應用於抗紫外線塗層或顏料。而ZrO2 QDs 表面豐富的氧空位與不同溫度下的CO₂轉化率及CO/CH₄產物選擇性相關。氧空位為帶部分正電的酸性活性位，CO2作電子受體為路易士酸。經氧氣環境加熱處理後的ZrO2 QDs 能提高CO2轉化率且在低溫條件下選擇性較高能促進電子轉移生成CH₄（每分子8e⁻ 轉移）。不同金屬簇（如Fe、Ni、Co和Cu）表面修飾後，Fe-ZrO2 QDs 被證明為最佳催化劑，低溫下更有效促進CH₄生成，且優於ZrO2 QDs。這顯示Fe與ZrO2間存在顯著的強金屬-載體相互作用（SMSI），提升Fe捕捉CO₂分子的能力。此特性突顯ZrO2於碳減排技術的潛力，能有效將CO₂轉化為可再利用的碳基燃料或化學原料，為減少溫室氣體提供實用解決方案。

近年來，作者觀察到餐飲業及飯店業引入自主移動機器人（AMR）提供服務，受到廣泛歡迎。不僅如此，隨著AI的風潮，愈來愈多產業引進機器人補足人力的空缺。就輪式機器人而言，麥克納姆輪具相對優異的機動性和運動靈活性，但傳統麥克納姆輪的行進模式只侷限45度倍數的方向。針對此限制，本研究分析傳統麥克納姆輪的合力方向，通過數學推導和實際控制方式的驗證，確認其18個方向移動的數學式，再利用ESP32－S單晶片的WIFI驅動控制系統，實現並驗證 合力分析結果 接著，進一步 建立 麥克納姆輪的全向 360 度直線移動的數學式， 並且用 PWM 脈波調變，實現全向控制。此外，分析地面材質對車子移動的影響，測試出麥克納姆輪適合的地面材質，針對誤差給出可能的校正方式以達更精密的控制。希望就本研究結果擴展未來的應用範圍及使用價值。