全國中小學科展

2025年

SUSTUNI - SOFTWARE FOR SMART AND SUSTAINABLE DESIGN OF INDUSTRIAL ELECTRICAL CIRCUITS

The theme of this project is to develop software to facilitate and innovate the design of low-voltage industrial electrical circuits. The goal is to develop a program that makes projects more efficient in terms of time, accuracy, and sustainability, automating dimensions such as calculating conductor cross-sections, protections, single-line diagrams, and analyzing with AI at which points industrial electrical circuits can be more sustainable. The 2023 Electric Energy Yearbook of the Energy Research Company describes that electricity consumption increases 2% per year in Brazil, and industrial installations represent the largest part of the national electrical sector (36.2%). As stated in standard NBR 5410/2004, when developing an installation project, an electrical professional works with several processes, depending on several criteria and calculations to present a reliable electrical installation. Minimal errors in calculations can cause damage to equipment, conductors, and individuals present in the installation. Using software to model these circuits optimizes time and brings more confidence to the project. This work aims to differentiate itself in this field by filling in the gaps in existing solutions for the industry, providing support for Brazilian standards, automatically generating single-line diagrams and presenting suggestions for sustainability in the circuits. The program is developed in Python, based on NBR 5410/2004 and engineering works. The software developed allows the user to size different distribution boards, motors and circuits, calculating the cross-section of the conductors/electrical protections, a particular transformer, and generating a single-line diagram in CAD. The program also presents suggestions aimed at sustainability to reduce material/energy costs. Tests were carried out with electrical engineering companies and students in the technical area, where the software presented high precision and very positive feedback from the interviewees, and it can be said that the work achieved its objectives.

Low-Cost Nickel-based Catalyst for Electrocatalytic Splitting Of Ammonia Towards Clean Hydrogen Production

Increasing energy needs alongside the urgent issues of chemical pollution has prompted the need for developing novel green energy sources. Nitrogen-based fertilizers are of fundamental importance for the ecosystem as their usage has increased eight times in the last fifty years [1]. On the other hand , increased use of nitrogenous fertilizers is followed by higher ammonia emissions, which are dangerous pollutants responsible for deterioration in biodiversity by means of eutrophication, acidification of soil and water, and climate change [2]. Ammonia has the2apacityy to bond with other pollutants including sulfur oxides and nitrogen oxides to create particles that cause smog, which is associated with lung disease. Ammonia also increases frost sensitivities and causes necrosis of many plant species [3.] Therefore, there is a need to properly manage the ammonia-rich nitrogen waste to decrease the environmental threat factors. Of the possible approaches suggested for ammonia waste treatment, the ammonia electro-oxidation reaction (eAOR) has various promising features for application in the energy sector. It is economically appealing because Ammonia can serve as an excellent hydrogen carrier due to its storage capabilities and existing transport infrastructure alongside having no net carbon emissions. Apart from this, it requires 95% less of the theoretical energy [4] to perform the process. But the reaction is kinetically slow [5], which has been a research obstacle during the development of (eAOR), due to factors ofmslow reaction rate and large catalytic overpotential that this process consumes an unnecessary amount of power [6]. Nickel-based catalysts are a promising solution to these problems, they are cheaper , more stable and easier to produce than electrocatalysts for water electrolysis which makes it highly energy efficient for widespread use on the industrial scale. N films deposited on the anodic side also allow the creation of N-containing products such as (NH42SO3) and nitrates, which can be converted into fertilizers or renewed into the nitrogen cycle to make the process more environmentally friendly while enhancing the (eAOR) process [7,8]. Compared to Pt and Ir which are the most used noble metals, they are less poisoned on the potentials less than 0.65V and are more stable [9,10]. However , noble metals are scarce, and their cost is high for industrial applications as well as the energy they waste during (eAOR) [11].

AI-Based Customer Sentiments Dashboard

In this fast-paced digital economy, customers' judgment is based on their experience with a company’s products and services. Customer reviews become a vital source of information for companies because this information can be used to enhance their products, understand customer wants and needs, improve brand reputation, and provide a competitor’s advantage. A company can understand customer needs and wants by going through reviews. Customers are encouraged to leave not only their opinion but also their ideas for the development of the product or service. By understanding these reviews, a company can actively respond and engage with a reviewer or problem. Failure of companies who don't answer customer queries may negatively impact customer loyalty. Customers will feel neglected by these companies and will choose competing companies to handle their needs. Additionally, customers may speak negatively about a company that does not respond to reviews. The AI-based customer sentiment dashboard can help gain a company's competitive advantage by identifying weaknesses in themselves and others. Companies will be enabled to understand where they succeed and where improvement is needed compared to their competitors, leveraging businesses to address strengths and weaknesses before competitors do. Through AI-based customer sentiment dashboards, a company can analyze its competitor’s reviews and use that information as leverage to make improvements to its products and services. Customers are increasingly leaving reviews on popular apps like Google Play, Stamped.io, Yapto, and Judge.me, Loox, Qualaroo, and Yelp. The reviews are rich in customer sentiments offering valuable insights into user satisfaction and pointing out the areas for improvement that are crucial to every company no matter how big or small. Despite their value, manually processing these reviews is a challenging task due to the large volume of unstructured data. Manual processing is also vulnerable to bias and human error, leading to inaccurate information. Traditional methods such as surveys have been proven to be ineffective if the main focus is targeted feedback and have low responses compared to reviews. The advances in artificial intelligence like Natural Language Processing (NLP) help us interpret and analyze human language and generate outputs like predicting what type of sentiments are in reviews. This project proposes developing an AI-based sentiment analysis model to evaluate customer feedback on two widely used taxi applications. Natural Language Processing libraries, such as the Valence Aware Dictionary and Sentiment Reasoner (. The model aims to categorize customer reviews into positive, negative, and neutral sentiments.

EIBraille: An Electromagnetic Field-Powered Braille Training Device with Development of Printed Circuits and Algorithms for Visually Impaired Individuals

Visual impairment ranks among the top three disabilities globally, with affected individuals projected to increase from 39 million in 2015 to 115 million by 2050. Despite this growing prevalence, over 95% of visually impaired individuals face difficulties in learning Braille (AFB, 2022). In Thailand, the issue is compounded by limited resources, with only 48 schools for the blind serving 6.5% of visually impaired children, alongside a shortage of trained teachers and prohibitively expensive Braille displays. To address these challenges, the EIBraille Box was developed as a cost-effective and accessible tool enabling visually impaired individuals to practice Braille independently. The device utilizes electromagnetic field generation based on Lenz's Law and electromagnetic induction, employing copper coils and varying currents to drive a Braille dot display mechanism controlled by a microcontroller. Results show the device achieves an average display rate of 30–120 milliseconds per cell and a Braille dot-changing frequency of 3–20 cycles per second. The production cost is reduced from 11,660 USD to 87 USD—over 130 times more affordable—while maintaining performance comparable to traditional mechanisms. Additionally, the device integrates with a web application aligned with the Ministry of Education's curriculum to enhance learning. The EIBraille Box is planned for deployment across 48 schools affiliated with the Northern School for the Blind. Plans include extending access to individuals unable to attend schools via alternative distribution channels. This project stores high capacity to achieve global reach by partnering with the World Blind Union, extending its services to rural areas and ensuring access for underprivileged communities. This effort seeks to promote literacy among the blind on a worldwide scale. This innovation strives to enhance equity for the visually impaired by enabling blind individuals to participate in inclusive educational environments alongside their peers. It aims to eradicate the challenges of illiteracy and ensure equitable access to quality education.

探討環形 RNA circACTN4 在非小細胞肺癌中的特性及功能

肺癌是世界上死亡率第一的癌症。根據近期研究發現,環形RNA (circular RNA;circRNA)比一般的線狀 mRNA穩定,並且會調控癌細胞。但circRNA於肺癌中的調控機制仍不清楚,因此我們決定挑選一個circRNA作為研究對象。首先,我們從 GEO 公開資料庫中篩選肺癌病人中差異表現的 circRNA,經 qPCR在肺癌細胞株驗證後,最終找到circACTN4 進行後續的研究。實驗結果顯示 circACTN4 在肺癌細胞株中確實為環狀結構,內生性表現量上升,且大都分布在細胞質。使用siRNA降低 circACTN4 表現量後,會增加細胞停留在細胞週期之G1期的數量,且 CDK4 和 CCND1 蛋白量也會降低。因此我們推測 circACTN4 可以促進肺癌細胞增殖的效果。更進一步的研究揭示,circACTN4能與LRPPRC蛋白結合,這種相互作用可能是circACTN4在肺癌中發揮調控作用的關鍵機制。總上所述,circACTN4 會促進肺癌細胞的生長,盼未來能作為預後的指標,並發展為治療肺癌的新標的。

從幾何分析到正n邊形線段n次方和之探討

本研究要探討在兩同心圓,大圓的內接大正五邊形和中心在小圓上移動的小正五邊形在固定邊長、圓半徑的情況下,不論小正五邊形在圓上如何移動,其對應頂點的距離平方和、四次方和為定值以及頂點至對應邊的距離的總和、平方和為定值並試著推廣至正n 邊形並找出它們的定值為何 。

New Properties of Miquel Point

本研究先觀察著名的密克定理(Miquel theorem)與密克點(Miquel point),我們創新給出了新的研究項目,關注密克點𝑃與密克三角形的頂點所構成直線和原三角形𝐴𝐵𝐶三邊直線的其餘六個交點,這是前人沒有觸及的研究項目,從而定義旁接三角形與衍伸三角形。 我們先針對特殊型(直角)的構圖,發現滿足兩個衍伸三角形的有向面積 [𝐴1𝐵1𝐶1]=±[𝐴2𝐵2𝐶2] 時,𝑃 點形成的軌跡為原三角形的 Kiepert hyperbola 與外接圓,這個是有趣且重要發現,我們也進一步給出其幾何必然性。進一步考慮 [𝐴1𝐵1𝐶1]=𝑟[𝐴2𝐵2𝐶2] 時,則刻劃出 𝑃 點軌跡為圓錐曲線系。在前面的基礎下,再針對一般型(任意角)的構圖,若 𝑃 點位於原三角形外接圓及Kiepert hyperbola 與 Steiner circumellipse 的線性組合曲線上,此時兩個衍伸三角形 𝐴1𝐵1𝐶1 與 𝐴2𝐵2𝐶2 的有向面積比值為定值,且兩者恆為相反數。

探討在秀麗隱桿線蟲中IFE-1經由sRNA路徑對於精子生成機制的影響

sRNA在各種物種的精子功能中起著至關重要的作用。在秀麗隱桿線中,當缺少精子相關的sRNA「ALG-3/4 26G sRNA」會導致其在25度時不孕。此外,IFE-1是人類真核轉譯起始因子EIF4E的直系同源基因,主要表達於雄性生殖細胞系統中。在先前研究中我們觀察到當「真核轉譯起始因子IFE-1有缺陷」或「精子缺少相關sRNA」時,亦會導致精子具有缺陷。由於三者的相似性,我們認為IFE-1和26G sRNA的生成路徑有關。因此我們假設IFE-1參與協助酵素NYN-3辨認並切割msd-1 mRNA模板後促進26G sRNA生成。我們使用Western Blot、IP、螢光顯微鏡等方法,探討了IFE-1和MSD-1::GFP的關係,發現在ife-1正常的情況下,高溫對於MSD-1::GFP的表現量沒有影響。並且因該蛋白只表現在公蟲精子,我們可以推論msd-1:gfp 只作用於公蟲精子。而此疑似可正向調控基因表現的26G sRNA,有望發展成有別於過往sRNA藥物抑制基因表現的一種新基因治療方法。

探討在秀麗隱桿線蟲中IFE-1經由sRNA路徑對於精子生成機制的影響

sRNA在各種物種的精子功能中起著至關重要的作用。在秀麗隱桿線中,當缺少精子相關的sRNA「ALG-3/4 26G sRNA」會導致其在25度時不孕。此外,IFE-1是人類真核轉譯起始因子EIF4E的直系同源基因,主要表達於雄性生殖細胞系統中。在先前研究中我們觀察到當「真核轉譯起始因子IFE-1有缺陷」或「精子缺少相關sRNA」時,亦會導致精子具有缺陷。由於三者的相似性,我們認為IFE-1和26G sRNA的生成路徑有關。因此我們假設IFE-1參與協助酵素NYN-3辨認並切割msd-1 mRNA模板後促進26G sRNA生成。我們使用Western Blot、IP、螢光顯微鏡等方法,探討了IFE-1和MSD-1::GFP的關係,發現在ife-1正常的情況下,高溫對於MSD-1::GFP的表現量沒有影響。並且因該蛋白只表現在公蟲精子,我們可以推論msd-1:gfp 只作用於公蟲精子。而此疑似可正向調控基因表現的26G sRNA,有望發展成有別於過往sRNA藥物抑制基因表現的一種新基因治療方法。

Project M.I.R.A.S

1.1 Short project summary My project involves the conceptualization and development of an innovative approach to modular self-assembling robotic systems. Through its ability to form any complex configuration, the system is highly adaptable to various scenarios and environments. Before delving deeper into the details of my project, I will provide an overview of my background and motivations. 1.2 Background Ever since I first watched the movie "Big Hero 6", I felt amazed by the applications of the so called “microbots”. From that point on, it made me always wonder what would be possible in the real world. When I did the research, I stumbled upon this field of modular robotics. Initially, I was unsure whether to embark on a project focused on electronics and robotics due to my background in programming. On the other side, this year gave me a chance to see the incredible performances of various projects at different science expos. Besides, I took part in the program of CANSAT LU and learned a lot during it, such as microchips, the control of miniature robotics, and the sensors of it. Finally, at school, I took the option Electronics where we dig into similar topics. With this accumulated knowledge and experience I felt confident enough to start this project.