2025年

本研究開發一種新穎孔洞性吸附材料：金屬有機骨架 (MOF)。MOF 在反應溶液中自組裝形成孔洞結構，透過物理吸附有效捕捉氣相乙酸分子。研發出綠色、快速可在常溫常壓下大量合成三種MOF（HKUST-1(Cu)、UTSA-280(Ca) 及 A520(Al)）方法。此外，為提升材料機械強度和應用價值，採用 PVA 聚合技術製備 MOF 複合物，使其造粒型化更易處理，提升商業和環境應用價值。吸附實驗結果顯示，HKUST-1(Cu) 粉末對乙酸移除率高達98%，而HKUST-1(Cu) PVA 複合物達93%，對比活性碳及其PVA複合物（移除率分別為85%和78%）表現更優異。MOF憑藉優異吸附性能和可大量生產低成本優勢，成為極具潛力有機無機氣體吸附劑，可為半導體產業提供一種維持高標準製程環境精密且簡便解決方案。

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) represents a significant public health challenge, often referred to as a “silent disease” due to its asymptomatic progression during early stages (1–2). Consequently, most diagnoses occur during advanced stages (3 and beyond), where treatment options are more complex and outcomes are less favorable. Globally, CKD affects over 850 million individuals, with 434.3 million cases in Asia alone. Despite its prevalence, early-stage awareness remains alarmingly low, with only 5% of affected individuals aware of their condition. Existing screening methods are predominantly hospital-based, expensive, and time-intensive, limiting their accessibility, particularly in resource-constrained settings. This underscores an urgent need for more accessible and efficient diagnostic tools to enable early intervention. In response to this critical problem, we developed KidneyLifePlus+, an AI-powered platform that leverages advanced machine learning models, including U-net, ResNet-50, and YOLO v8, to analyze retinal images for early CKD detection. These models are integrated to ensure high screening accuracy by identifying subtle biomarkers indicative of CKD progression. Complementing the software, we designed proprietary hardware capable of capturing high-resolution retinal images, delivering performance comparable to hospital-grade equipment. By ensuring affordability and ease of use, the system extends screening capabilities beyond clinical environments, making it suitable for deployment in community healthcare settings. KidneyLifePlus+ addresses key limitations of traditional methods by offering a rapid, cost-effective, and highly accurate diagnostic solution. The platform’s potential to enhance early detection rates could significantly improve clinical outcomes and quality of life for CKD patients. Furthermore, this innovation contributes to global efforts to reduce the burden of CKD by promoting equitable access to diagnostic services, particularly in underserved regions.

現今醫療中，黃疸的早期偵測對肝臟疾病的預防與治療至關重要，但多數人難以在症狀輕微時察覺。我們希望藉由智慧手機影像結合機器學習進行黃疸檢測，提升民眾自我監測的能力。Su 等人（2021）曾使用深度學習和機器學習進行黃疸預測，但其方法依賴專業色卡進行色彩校正，成本高且限制應用範圍。本研究提出以白平衡演算法中的白色補丁法與灰界演算法，搭配深度學習模型 DCCNM1和2 取代色卡，提升黃疸檢測的普及性與便利性。經黃疸偵測效果評估顯示，DCCNM2 在無色卡模型中表現最佳，雖然各指標略低於色卡校正，但其展現出優異的穩定性和準確性，證明其作為無色卡黃疸篩檢方案的可行性。本方法將能提供便捷的居家黃疸檢測途徑，尤其對偏鄉地區居民而言，不僅提升早期發現的機會，還能有效減輕醫護人員的負擔，推動大眾健康管理。

The human gut microbiome is integral to digestion, overall health, and metabolic disorder imbalances. Recent advancements in fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) have highlighted the therapeutic promise of restoring healthy gut microbiota in populations with high incidences of diseases. Focusing on fecal DNA samples from healthy Asian individuals, this study examines the potential of novel Akkermansia strains, specifically Akkermansia muciniphila (Z62) and Akkermansia massiliensis (IR119), as next-generation probiotics for mitigating metabolic syndrome. A key aspect of the study is the investigation of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), which are produced and play a crucial role in regulating metabolic processes. SCFAs such as butyrate, acetate, and propionate are essential for energy provision to colon cells and exerting anti-inflammatory effects. The methodology involves selecting two Akkermansia strains, analyzing them through 16S rRNA and WGS, evaluating their growth and survival rates under acidic and bile-salt conditions, alongside their cell adhesion capabilities. The study focuses on the production of key short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and tryptophan derivatives by bacteria in regulating metabolic processes, as well as their anti-inflammatory effects on colon cells. Through in vitro assays, both strains exhibited survival in acidic/bile-rich conditions, though Z62 demonstrated superior adhesion to Caco-2 cells, suggesting a higher colonization potential. Metabolomic analysis revealed both strains produce SCFAs, including propionic and acetic acids, and indole metabolites, such as indole-3-propionic acid and indole-3-acetic acid, which are known to influence lipid metabolism and insulin sensitivity. In adipocyte cell models, IR119 significantly reduced lipid accumulation, while Z62 increased lipid presence. Furthermore, IR119 reduced pro-inflammatory cytokine levels, including IL-6 and TNF-α, suggesting potential for inflammation mitigation. The future potential of IR119 as a therapeutic probiotic is extraordinary in addressing complex metabolic and inflammatory diseases, which open new avenues for managing chronic inflammatory conditions like type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Future clinical trials could refine IR119’s efficacy, positioning it as a leading probiotic in preventive and therapeutic contexts.

The theme of this project is to develop software to facilitate and innovate the design of low-voltage industrial electrical circuits. The goal is to develop a program that makes projects more efficient in terms of time, accuracy, and sustainability, automating dimensions such as calculating conductor cross-sections, protections, single-line diagrams, and analyzing with AI at which points industrial electrical circuits can be more sustainable. The 2023 Electric Energy Yearbook of the Energy Research Company describes that electricity consumption increases 2% per year in Brazil, and industrial installations represent the largest part of the national electrical sector (36.2%). As stated in standard NBR 5410/2004, when developing an installation project, an electrical professional works with several processes, depending on several criteria and calculations to present a reliable electrical installation. Minimal errors in calculations can cause damage to equipment, conductors, and individuals present in the installation. Using software to model these circuits optimizes time and brings more confidence to the project. This work aims to differentiate itself in this field by filling in the gaps in existing solutions for the industry, providing support for Brazilian standards, automatically generating single-line diagrams and presenting suggestions for sustainability in the circuits. The program is developed in Python, based on NBR 5410/2004 and engineering works. The software developed allows the user to size different distribution boards, motors and circuits, calculating the cross-section of the conductors/electrical protections, a particular transformer, and generating a single-line diagram in CAD. The program also presents suggestions aimed at sustainability to reduce material/energy costs. Tests were carried out with electrical engineering companies and students in the technical area, where the software presented high precision and very positive feedback from the interviewees, and it can be said that the work achieved its objectives.

The present research work aimed to assess the impact of biochar (BC) amendment (5%) and foliar supplementation of titanium (Ti) at a concentration of 50 mg L-1 TiO2 on the growth, chlorophyll content, and biochemical parameters of wheat (Triticum aestivum L). The results demonstrated significant improvements in several aspects of wheat physiology due to these treatments, both individually and in combination. Plant height, as well as fresh and dry weight of wheat, exhibited substantial increases when subjected to Ti and BC treatments, with the highest enhancements observed in plants treated with both Ti and BC. Furthermore, chlorophyll content, including chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophylls, and carotenoids, showed marked increases in response to individual Ti and BC treatments, with even greater improvements when both treatments were combined. In terms of biochemical parameters, the content of proline, sugars, and free amino acids significantly increased in plants grown in soils amended with BC. Additionally, foliar Ti treatment led to elevated levels of these biochemical constituents. The combined treatment of Ti and BC resulted in the most pronounced effects. Moreover, oxidative damage parameters, such as hydrogen peroxide, lipid peroxide, and electrolyte leakage, were notably reduced in plants subjected to Ti and BC treatments, either individually or together. The activity of antioxidant enzymes, including superoxide dismutase, catalase, and ascorbate peroxidase, exhibited significant increases in response to Ti and BC treatments, further emphasizing their beneficial effects on wheat plants. Overall, this investigation shows that biochar amendment and titanium foliar supplementation both have beneficial effects on wheat development and biochemical parameters; these findings may be relevant to efforts to increase crop productivity and stress tolerance.

The following issues associated with soil affected by wildfires were identified: First, there was a significant decline in the populations of anaerobic and aerobic soil bacteria, which play a critical role in the decomposition and cycling of organic matter. This decline resulted in reduced water retention capacity and porosity of the soil, leading to poor moisture retention and increased evaporation compared to unaffected soil. Moreover, the organic matter content in the soil was significantly depleted, inhibiting plant growth. Additionally, there was a notable proliferation of methane-producing bacteria, which contribute to the greenhouse effect. It was further observed that fire-damaged soils exhibit limited natural recovery, even over prolonged periods. .An investigation into the underlying causes of these problems revealed that actinomycetes, the primary microorganisms responsible for producing watersoluble aromatic compounds in soil, are particularly sensitive to heat compared to other bacterial species. Research demonstrated that the population and diversity of actinomycetes are significantly diminished in soils exposed to wildfires. To mitigate these issues, water-soluble aromatic compounds produced by actinomycetes were extracted and introduced into wildfire-affected soil. This intervention promoted the restoration of actinomycetes populations, enabling their normal growth in the affected soil. Consequently, various wildfire-induced soil problems were effectively resolved. These outcomes were confirmed through the study...Key Words: Actinomycetes, anaerobic and aerobic soil bacteria, methane-producing bacteria, wildfires, water-soluble aromatic compounds.

本文研究了一個信息完全公開的組合遊戲，探討當一群人被完全隨機的分配到模型裡時，其初始位置與特定位置所形成的包圍關係，並探討最佳的人力分配。本研究通過座標解析與不等關係的代數運算等方法，成功找出獲勝條件對於遊戲雙方的限制，並進一步解決問題。在研究的過程中，也將結論擴展到不同模型，探討不同模型對於遊戲造成的影響，並比較其結論有何區別。

Visual impairment ranks among the top three disabilities globally, with affected individuals projected to increase from 39 million in 2015 to 115 million by 2050. Despite this growing prevalence, over 95% of visually impaired individuals face difficulties in learning Braille (AFB, 2022). In Thailand, the issue is compounded by limited resources, with only 48 schools for the blind serving 6.5% of visually impaired children, alongside a shortage of trained teachers and prohibitively expensive Braille displays. To address these challenges, the EIBraille Box was developed as a cost-effective and accessible tool enabling visually impaired individuals to practice Braille independently. The device utilizes electromagnetic field generation based on Lenz's Law and electromagnetic induction, employing copper coils and varying currents to drive a Braille dot display mechanism controlled by a microcontroller. Results show the device achieves an average display rate of 30–120 milliseconds per cell and a Braille dot-changing frequency of 3–20 cycles per second. The production cost is reduced from 11,660 USD to 87 USD—over 130 times more affordable—while maintaining performance comparable to traditional mechanisms. Additionally, the device integrates with a web application aligned with the Ministry of Education's curriculum to enhance learning. The EIBraille Box is planned for deployment across 48 schools affiliated with the Northern School for the Blind. Plans include extending access to individuals unable to attend schools via alternative distribution channels. This project stores high capacity to achieve global reach by partnering with the World Blind Union, extending its services to rural areas and ensuring access for underprivileged communities. This effort seeks to promote literacy among the blind on a worldwide scale. This innovation strives to enhance equity for the visually impaired by enabling blind individuals to participate in inclusive educational environments alongside their peers. It aims to eradicate the challenges of illiteracy and ensure equitable access to quality education.

連結記憶(Associative Memory)為記憶兩物體之間關係的能力，會隨著年齡增加而衰退。先前研究顯示不同性別在記憶的老化程度存在差異，然而針對連結記憶在不同性別的老化未被討論。過去研究發現自我參照效應以及改變刺激材料的社會訊息程度可提升連結記憶的表現。然而缺乏同時使用兩種方法研究，兩者之間的交互作用尚不清楚。本實驗分別針對不同年齡與性別的群體進行連結記憶測驗。我們引導受試者使用自我參照記憶具有不同社會訊息程度的圖片，測量其連結記憶表現。結果顯示，女性有顯著的連結記憶衰退；而男性沒有顯著的連結記憶衰退，其記憶衰退可能與項目記憶有關。另外，我們也觀察到參照與社會訊息對連結記憶的影響具有交互作用，在未來實驗中有必要注意兩者之間的互相影響。