全國中小學科展

2025年

日本南海海槽長微震特性比較及其與環境參數之關聯

本研究利用Slow Earthquake Database長微震資料探討日本南海海槽長微震事件發生的特性、嘗試找出造成此區長微震發生的原因。我們將日本西南部的四國島、紀伊半島、愛知縣依空間細分為八個小區,分區將長微震的資料繪製成圖表,並利用快速傅立葉轉換Fast Fourier Transform進行頻譜分析,尋找該區長微震的活躍程度及復發週期,復發週期為一季至一年不等。另外,我們也將環境參數與長微震的月平均發震時長做比較,發現兩地皆與風速呈負相關、和累積雨量推遲1~2個月後兩者間成正相關、和地下水位高度呈負相關。潮汐與長微震的相關性上,潮位高度的影響較漲退潮狀態顯著, 但兩者均對長微震的發生有著正相關。

「旋」機妙策—探討颱風與季風互動之螺旋式風場變化

本研究主旨是在探討颱風與季風互動對颱風風場不對稱性變化的影響,分析了2013至2024年9月期間的颱風數據,結果顯示,季風是影響颱風風場形狀的關鍵因素。在東亞特有的季風氣候中,84%的颱風受到季風共伴的影響,我們發現,在季風共伴下,颱風的七級風場會呈現螺旋形,東北季風影響下多呈「6」形,西南季風影響下多呈「9」形,這些形狀可用「等角螺線」來描述,對於季風影響不明顯的颱風,風場形狀則更接近橢圓。我們進一步計算集合重合率以驗證形狀描述的準確性。 此外,本研究將颱風生活史的流型演變分為五類,結果顯示,環境條件相似的颱風,在流型變化上具有相似性。我們還利用颱風氣流場裝置模擬颱風風場,測量風速和風向,深入探討環境風場對颱風不對稱性的影響。

探討影響臺灣周遭海域波浪能蘊藏量的關鍵因素 English Title:Investigation of Key Factors Influencing Wave Energy Potential in the Surrounding Waters of Taiwan

團隊透過分析臺灣台灣周遭八個處海洋浮標測站資料,自2021年1月到2024年10月為止之示性波高、平均週期、平均風速、海溫等資料間之相關性,並試從不同位置測站之海洋條件與大氣因素,來綜合探討影響臺灣周遭海域波浪能蘊藏量的關鍵因素。並透過分析海溫與波浪能變化的關係,試圖瞭解全球暖化平均海溫上升,對臺灣周遭波浪能蘊藏的變化趨勢。 團隊發現影響臺灣周遭海域波浪能蘊藏的因素,除了季節性季風的影響,黑潮主流以及澎湖水道的黑潮支流湧升流,也都 可能 是影響臺灣周遭海域波浪能蘊藏的重要因素。團隊也發現,在臺灣周遭海域波浪能蘊藏與海溫變化有負相關的趨勢,此現象與臺灣中央研究院針對過去70年,全球波浪能的變化趨勢並不一致。其原因可能是臺灣所屬地理位置環境的關係,也可能是分析的數據資料僅有4年無法準確看出趨勢變化。

線蟲土壤食物網監測模式建立與功能性調節 The Establishment of Nematode Food Web Monitoring Model and Regulation of Soil Functions

為了永續利用土壤生態系服務,本研究分析線蟲族群變化監測土壤食物網,探討線蟲食物網與土壤養分調節相關性,實踐 SDGs中第 2項消除飢餓與第15項陸域生態。首先使用文獻分析法,建構模式觀察線蟲功能群演替,監測線蟲食物網組成評估土壤生態系服務,改善與結合過去僅探討環境干擾方式。觀察線蟲對土壤養分影響,結果顯示線蟲功能群多樣性、族群增長與交互作用 (資源重疊與演替等)可能提升土壤無機氮;不過推測因族群交互作用減弱或微生物過度被捕食,氨化能力在食物網發展初期(六週提升 37%)與後期 (六週僅提升16%)不同,需探討如何延續其氨化能力。將結合植物生長觀察線蟲食物網對植物影響。期望未來新模式進一步評估與標準化,用於監測土壤線蟲食物網組成並調節土壤,在農業管理與生態復育方面做出貢獻,為土壤永續利用提出新的可能。

MEDTEC - Artificial Intelligence Software for medical diagnosis optimization and analysis

In Brazil, approximately sixty million people suffer from or acquire some type of disease daily. However, the average time for blood count diagnoses, used to identify many of these diseases, remains very lengthy. This can lead to the worsening of conditions and delays in care, as well as a decrease in the patients’ quality of life. Moreover, in some cases, the waiting period can result in irreversible situations and even the death of the affected individuals. In this landscape, technological tools such as artificial intelligence software can help reduce the time taken for diagnostic reporting. In light of this, the project involves developing software to assist in the analysis of blood counts and optimize medical diagnoses. For this purpose, the methodology was divided into three stages. In the first, titled ”Medical Standardization”, a survey of the standard variables related to diseases that can be identified with the help of blood counts was conducted. Among the findings, diabetes, anemia, leukemia, dengue, polycythemia, tuberculosis, leprosy, meningitis, chlamydia, schistosomiasis, spotted fever, and malaria were the main diseases detected. Furthermore, hemoglobin, leukocytes, platelets, glucose, cholesterol, ions, and hormones were the key findings concerning the primary blood indicative factors for the mentioned diseases. In the second phase, the theoretical and practical foundations of the software were developed, based on artificial neural networks. In Python, regression models were also crafted to check the feasibility of the analyses. Finally, the last stage consisted of testing with real datasets, based on 1,227 anonymized blood counts. Among the artificial intelligence algorithm models tested, Support Vector (0.02) and Multiple Linear (0.61) had the lowest performances, while Polynomial (0.97), Random Forest (1.0), and Decision Tree (1.0) showed the best results. Given that the Random Forest and Decision Tree regression models achieved an accuracy of 1.0, while the Polynomial model scored 0.97, Support Vector 0.02, and Multiple Linear Regression 0.61, it is concluded that the blood count analysis system, with Python tools like regression, proved to be highly efficient. The closer the R² value is to 1.0, the better the programming fits the model, ensuring accurate analyses. Aside from that, in order to expand the number of analysis possible to do be done we decided to use a second tool called ”classification”, with which we made a bigger dataset to be used as a model to identify blood related diseases and the behavior of complex and diverse diseases. With that in mind, we performed a second evaluation of the models by doing an accuracy test, scored 87 percentage points and with a confusion matrix. With those results, we verified that the high performance of the tests indicates that Artificial Intelligence can be avaunt-guard to the elaboration of more efficient medical diagnosis, improving people’s lives quality and, overall, lowering the number of deaths in our country.

Safe CrossWalk (SCW)

Safe CrossWalk (SCW) is an innovative solution designed to enhance pedestrian safety at crosswalks, addressing the alarming issue of 270,000 pedestrian fatalities worldwide each year. By integrating advanced sensors, artificial intelligence, and real-time communication, SCW creates safer and more efficient urban environments. The system comprises three key components: SCW Strisce, a smart crosswalk device that detects pedestrian movement; SCW Car, a vehicle-integrated system that alerts drivers; and SCW AI, which processes data to optimize traffic flow and safety measures. SCW offers a proactive approach to reducing accidents through detection, alerts, and data-driven optimization. The solution not only improves safety but also supports urban planning by providing valuable insights into pedestrian and vehicle behavior. SCW aligns with the growing demand for AI-driven technologies in Smart Cities, presenting a scalable and cost-effective model for implementation. By fostering collaboration with municipalities and insurance companies, Safe CrossWalk aims to transform urban mobility, saving lives and creating smarter, safer cities.

Utilization of Nano cellulose from date palm waste for improvement of thermal stability in epoxy composite

Nano additives is becoming popular trends nowadays due to its nanosize (1-100 nm). Incorporating nano additives in polymer could increase different properties such as mechanical, physical, electrical and thermal stability (1, 2). Different nano additives has been used such as nano copper oxide, nano silica, nano zinc oxide, nano titanium dioxide but most of these come from synthetic or metal oxides that considered as non-environmentally friendly and harmful to human when exposed or inhaled (3). One of the green materials that become attention by researchers is nano cellulose. Nano cellulose can be extracted in different methods and sources such as from wood, and non-woody resources such as kenaf, jute, bamboo as well as from bacteria such as Acetobacter species(4). This making nano cellulose abundantly available in resources. Nano cellulose can be in the form of nano crystalline cellulose (CNC) or NCC or can be in form of nano fibrillated cellulose (NFC) and bacterial nanocellulose (BNC)(5). This nanocellulose has many advantages that can give improvement in different applications such as mechanical, physical, thermal and improving the biodegradation when added together in different matrices (6, 7). Polymers have a problem in thermal stability while processing. It hard to control and maintain the thermal stability of polymer during processing and most polymers considered to have low in thermal stability except for thermosetting polymers such as epoxy. Epoxy has been widely used in many fields such as coating, adhesive, laminates, castings and many more (8). But the drawbacks of epoxy while using is hard to maintain and controll the thermal properties when processing of this materials and used for long period due to aging and attack by free radicals causing by UV radiation (9, 10). In this study we are incorporating nano additives into epoxy as polymer matrix to enhance and improve the thermal stability of composite by crosslinking the polymer chains with the nano additives. Furthermore, the nano additive used is come from nano cellulose extracted from date palm waste and thus to create an environmentally friendly and sustainable nano additives products.

大氣常壓微電漿合成共價有機框架應用於光催化降解汙染物

為了解決水污染問題,本研究探討共價有機框架(COF)作為光催化劑的應用。COF具備高度可調孔洞、高穩定性及選擇性吸附等優勢,有助於有效去除水中污染物,對未來具有前景。本實驗採用大氣常壓微電漿合成COF,此方法能在室溫下以水為溶劑,無需高溫或有毒化學品,並僅需一小時即可完成合成,具有綠色化學優勢。實驗結果顯示,成功合成的COF能有效降解水中常見染料污染物(結晶紫及亞甲藍),證明了COF的高效光催化性。在紫外-可見光光譜中,隨著光催化反應的進行,染劑吸收波峰顯著減弱並幾乎完全褪色,確認了COF優異的降解能力。掃描電子顯微鏡圖像顯示,COF的高度有序孔洞結構提升了其催化活性與穩定性。這項技術不僅能高效處理水中有機污染物,還具備廣泛應用潛力,有望為全球水污染治理與環保提供新思路。

氣候與地質條件驅動的臺灣紅樹林與鹽沼碳封存

本研究以臺灣新竹縣的新豐紅樹林與臺中市的高美溼地,分別作為臺灣紅樹林與鹽沼的代表。經過元素分析、粒徑分析及密度分析之後,比較臺灣紅樹林與鹽沼兩個藍碳系統的碳封存能力差異及和國外相關研究間的差異性。本研究發現,採樣地距海越近,有機碳佔底土比例越高;粒徑較小的沉積物顆粒,較可能儲存更多有機碳;並藉此得出了藍碳相關研究受地理環境影響很大的結論。各採樣地樣本的活性有機碳(LOC)比例多大於難降解有機碳(ROC)比例,可能是由於臺灣的藍碳系統缺乏河川穩定供應有機物,又受到年齡與氣候條件的影響,其中儲存的ROC在總有機碳(TOC)中所占的比例不高,因此不適合長期儲存有機碳,卻很可能在幾十年內快速形成一個新的碳匯系統。

Investigating the Effects of Temperature and Carbon Dioxide Levels on Nannochloropsis oceanica Using a Hemocytometer Counting Method

Climate changes that include ocean acidification and global warming are serious problems in the ecosystem, affecting marine phytoplankton, including Nannochloropsis oceanica. In the effort to further explore the impact of rising temperature and carbon dioxide (CO₂) concentrations on oceanic ecosystems, the phytoplankton Nannochloropsis oceanica was used as a model organism. This study explored the effect of temperature change and CO₂ concentration on the growth of Nannochloropsis oceanica, achieving 243 samples that were tested with three different temperatures (24 degrees Celsius (°C), 28°C, 32°C) and CO₂ concentrations (0 milliliter (ml)/min, 0.4 ml/min, 0.6 ml/min), utilizing a hemocytometer counting method. Results indicate that the CO₂ concentration has a significant effect on the population of Nannochloropsis oceanica. But the temperature doesn't affect a lot. The Nannochloropsis oceanica in the lowest temperature and highest concentration of CO₂ in its environment had the highest population growth, and in the highest temperature and lowest concentration of CO₂, it had the lowest population growth. Results show the serious negative effect of climate change on the cosystem and the importance of environmental protection. Population blooms due to excess CO₂ taking up ocean resources causing dangerous ecological imbalances.