全國中小學科展

2025年

Safe CrossWalk (SCW)

Safe CrossWalk (SCW) is an innovative solution designed to enhance pedestrian safety at crosswalks, addressing the alarming issue of 270,000 pedestrian fatalities worldwide each year. By integrating advanced sensors, artificial intelligence, and real-time communication, SCW creates safer and more efficient urban environments. The system comprises three key components: SCW Strisce, a smart crosswalk device that detects pedestrian movement; SCW Car, a vehicle-integrated system that alerts drivers; and SCW AI, which processes data to optimize traffic flow and safety measures. SCW offers a proactive approach to reducing accidents through detection, alerts, and data-driven optimization. The solution not only improves safety but also supports urban planning by providing valuable insights into pedestrian and vehicle behavior. SCW aligns with the growing demand for AI-driven technologies in Smart Cities, presenting a scalable and cost-effective model for implementation. By fostering collaboration with municipalities and insurance companies, Safe CrossWalk aims to transform urban mobility, saving lives and creating smarter, safer cities.

開發回收PET合成UiO-66並應用於催化合成羥甲香豆素

本研究利用乙二醇處理後的聚對苯二甲酸(PET)及氯氧化鋯,以創新的無溶劑方式”solvent-free PET-to-MOF conversion”合成一類金屬有機框架材料(MOF) ── UiO-66(Zr),並發現此材料可用於催化Pechmann condensation、以間苯二酚和乙醯乙酸乙脂合成羥甲香豆素。於190℃之環境下,乙二醇處理6小時的EG-PET可合成出晶型最接近模擬模型的UiO-66晶體;而我們開發的合成方法中,最佳的反應條件為反應物質量比(氯氧化鋯:PET)= 2:1、130℃合成24小時。 對於合成出的UiO-66(Zr),我將其進行了XRD、FTIR、BET、SEM檢測,結果符合UiO-66(Zr)的特徵;唯比表面積僅有約900 平方公尺/克,推測此方法合成出的材料之有機linker數量和一般UiO-66(Zr)有所差異。 對於催化合成羥甲香豆素之反應,我們首先發現UiO-66(Zr)可作為非勻相催化劑參與此反應;且實驗結果顯示,相較於溶劑熱合成的UiO-66(Zr),以本研究的方法所得之UiO-66(Zr)作為催化劑可得到更高產率的羥甲香豆素。

Using Focused Ultrasound and Pulsed Ultrasound as a Solution to Viral Infection

Viruses Both enveloped and non-enveloped viruses conceal their membrane-penetrating peptide, usually within a glycoprotein of the virion membrane, inside the coat, or within the virion lumen. Cellular signals expose membrane-penetrating peptides that influence the virus during its entry. Instances of cellular signals regulating virus entry include receptors, enzymes, and substances like proteases, metal ions, and reducing agents. Recently, motor proteins or virus maturation have been seen to regulate virus entry through mechanical processes.

Wibrazz

Wibrazz is a wearable communication tool that allows the teacher, the therapist, the parent to communicate information to the child remotely using the device. Haptic (vibrationbased) feedback is becoming increasingly important in everyday life. A vibrating device that transmits information through clothing can help people with disabilities who have no or limited sensory use to live an integrated life in society without barriers.

突破能量屏障:探討原始固碳路徑中異檸檬酸脫氫酶的角色

原始生命的形成被推論是由化學分子透過自發性化學反應組成簡單的代謝路徑,再由這些路徑組合成為複雜的代謝網絡,最終形成原始的生命。由於自營性的代謝路徑可將無機性的CO₂固定為有機物可謂形成生命的前提,因此推論在自營性微生物所擁有的一種生物固碳路徑,可將CO₂固定進入三羧酸循環的「逆向三羧酸循環」被認為是原始細胞最初形成的代謝路徑之一。然而,以化學反應的自由能考量,自2-Oxoglutarate到Isocitrate 此固碳反應並非自發性反應,並由異檸檬酸脫氫酶催化。異檸檬酸脫氫酶在逆三羧酸循環中是決定固碳反應速率的關鍵酵素之一,在當今正向三羧酸循環中亦具重要的調節細胞能量代謝的功能。有鑑於此,本研究探討源自古老地球環境的嗜熱自營菌Aquifex aeolicus 中異檸檬酸脫氫酶的酵素性質,並期待本研究成果對生命起源的探究及發展新穎固碳技術能有所助益。

以智慧型高親水薄膜提升汗液感測靈敏度 Enhancing Sweat Sensing Sensitivity with SmartHydrophilic Thin Films

本研究主要是以晶片和織布進行結合,以電極收集訊號分析受測者的鈉濃度和汗液流量,研發長期保持潤濕和擁有穩定性的高親水性薄膜Polyacrylic acid / Cellulose nanocrystals(PAA / CNC)感測器。製備不同濃度比例的PAA / CNC光固化水凝膠,進行接觸角、FTIR圖譜、溶脹比 (Swelling Ratio)、SEM、EIS 潤濕面積分析並比較選擇出PAA /10 CNC的濃度比例作為最佳的汗液感測電極。利用CNC與PET片間貼合度強化結果,能有效提升薄膜親水性,降低電極與織布中的親疏水性差異,加強電極感測靈敏度,相較於對照組,電容值結果顯示約提升5~10倍的靈敏度。本研究開發一個靈敏且穩定即時監測汗液的薄膜,並結合藍芽應用於智慧裝置。

奈米 MPC 材料應用於電阻式有機氣體感測器

工業環境中揮發性有機化合物(VOCs)的洩漏不僅危害人體健康,更可能導致工安事故。現有氣體感測器常存在選擇性低、反應時間長等限制。本研究開發高選擇性與快速反應的奈米材料導電式氣體感測器,以實現即時監測。 研究中合成並測試六種銀奈米 (Ag-MPC)材料:Ag@C6、Ag@C12、Ag@C16、Ag@MCP、Ag@C12/MCP及Ag@C12/MBT複合材料。在500-5000 ppm濃度範圍內偵測1-丁醇、正辛烷及間二甲苯等目標氣體的電阻變化。實驗結果顯示,Ag@C12經官能基修飾後,對1-丁醇具有明顯的選擇性。我們開發基於Arduino微控制器的即時監測系統,透過運算放大器電路實現高精度的電阻變化檢測。可以在工業環境中持續監測VOCs濃度並即時示警。未來將著重於優化訊號放大電路、開發新型官能基修飾材料、實現複雜氣體混合物的組分分析。開發成本低、反應快、選擇性好的感測系統,為工業安全監測領域提供實際應用價值。

探討自我參照和社會訊息對不同年齡、性別連結記憶的影響

連結記憶(Associative Memory)為記憶兩物體之間關係的能力,會隨著年齡增加而衰退。先前研究顯示不同性別在記憶的老化程度存在差異,然而針對連結記憶在不同性別的老化未被討論。過去研究發現自我參照效應以及改變刺激材料的社會訊息程度可提升連結記憶的表現。然而缺乏同時使用兩種方法研究,兩者之間的交互作用尚不清楚。本實驗分別針對不同年齡與性別的群體進行連結記憶測驗。我們引導受試者使用自我參照記憶具有不同社會訊息程度的圖片,測量其連結記憶表現。結果顯示,女性有顯著的連結記憶衰退;而男性沒有顯著的連結記憶衰退,其記憶衰退可能與項目記憶有關。另外,我們也觀察到參照與社會訊息對連結記憶的影響具有交互作用,在未來實驗中有必要注意兩者之間的互相影響。

大「逆」不道—局部逆境下植物體內傳訊與物質分配機制

When a leaf of a plant encounters stress, how does the plant convey the stress signal to other tissues and manage nutrient distribution? This field of study has been largely unexplored. However, the unique interconnected frond structure of Lemna trisulca, along with the use of a divided Petri dish, is very suitable for handling localized stress and investigating the mechanisms of intracellular signaling and nutrient distribution. Research has shown that when the mother leaf experiences localized stress, it releases healthy daughter leaves to minimize collateral damage to the daughter leaves. Conversely, when the daughter leaves face localized stress, the mother leaf chooses to retain them and continues supplying them with nutrients to support their survival. In-depth studies revealed that stressed daughter leaves accumulate Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS), triggering nutrient distribution by sending a distress signal to the mother leaf. This prompts the mother leaf to use Ca2+ as a signaling molecule to deliver nutrients to the daughter leaves. Selective detachment is regulated and triggered by the interaction between Ca2+ and ROS within the mother leaf. When the mother leaf undergoes stress, Ca2+ acts upstream to induce ROS accumulation at the nodes, sending a unidirectional detachment signal to the daughter leaves. This causes ROS accumulation at the daughter leaf nodes, inducing detachment and thereby reducing the collateral damage the daughter leaf could experience due to the mother leaves.

PiezoPioggia: Energy Harvesting with Raindrops

MAGALH˜AES, Eduardo De Mˆonaco. PiezoPioggia: Energy Harvesting with Raindrops. 2024. 24 p. Research report – Scientific Apprentice Program, Col´egio Dante Alighieri, S˜ao Paulo, 2024. This project wishes to study and analyze the possibility of generating clean and accessible energy with the plain impact of droplets in the ground. Therefore, it was necessary to use piezoelectric devices in order to convert the kinetic energy of each droplet into electric energy throughout piezoelectric energy harvesting processes, (PEH). Piezoelectricity is a method of clean and sustainable energy generation, developed and explored by several scientists worldwide. Thus, while studying the proprieties of those devices, the project evaluates the present situation of electricity harvesting in Brazil, the benefits of piezoelectric technology and the possibilities it presents to economy and society. Throughout the development the project builds itself upon mathematical equations and experimental results, analyzing the deformation and generated tensions of piezos. Brand new data on the behavior of rain, as well as about the potential it presents for PEH are highlighted throughout the research, reinforcing the value of such process as a sustainable energy generation method alongside with its investment potential, both from governmental and private institutions. The project also deeply characterizes the piezoelectric device studied, diving deeply in its characteristics and evaluating the deformation of the device and treating the data sets with statistical analysis methods, in order to improve the precision of the data presented. All in all, the opportunities of piezoelectric energy harvesting in the rain, nella pioggia, shall be discussed profoundly throughout the project.