2025年

為了永續利用土壤生態系服務，本研究分析線蟲族群變化監測土壤食物網，探討線蟲食物網與土壤養分調節相關性，實踐 SDGs中第 2項消除飢餓與第15項陸域生態。首先使用文獻分析法，建構模式觀察線蟲功能群演替，監測線蟲食物網組成評估土壤生態系服務，改善與結合過去僅探討環境干擾方式。觀察線蟲對土壤養分影響，結果顯示線蟲功能群多樣性、族群增長與交互作用 (資源重疊與演替等)可能提升土壤無機氮；不過推測因族群交互作用減弱或微生物過度被捕食，氨化能力在食物網發展初期(六週提升 37%)與後期 (六週僅提升16%)不同，需探討如何延續其氨化能力。將結合植物生長觀察線蟲食物網對植物影響。期望未來新模式進一步評估與標準化，用於監測土壤線蟲食物網組成並調節土壤，在農業管理與生態復育方面做出貢獻，為土壤永續利用提出新的可能。

為了解台灣梅雨季的氣候特徵，本研究分析了2009至2024年間五、六月的降雨、風場流型及大氣環境。結果顯示，東北部冬季多雨，而西部地區則自五月梅雨季開始進入雨季，台灣的降雨區域逐漸南移，顯示大氣環境在此期間發生變化。我們分析了16年間的風場情形，歸納出7種單一風向流型及2種過渡流型，並整合其趨勢。我們發現，梅雨季期間，寒冷流型的出現頻率逐漸減少，而溫暖流型在夏季成為主流，不同流型之間的轉變具趨勢性。整合降雨資料後，結果顯示盛行風、低壓帶、地形效應與過渡流型對降雨有顯著影響，且發現致災性梅雨的發生條件。最後，本研究設計模擬裝置，利用不同密度的海藻酸鈉溶液與台灣模型，可模擬出符合本研究歸納的流型。

透過親手磨製岩石薄片及礦物比例數據，探討觀音火山熔岩的差異與其差異原因。根據前人研究得知，觀音山經過五次噴發，共有七種不同的火山岩。比對地質圖，尋找各層出露地點共17處，進行田野調查、空拍記錄及樣本採集，並磨製岩石薄片共14片，進行岩相觀察與礦物面積比例計算。 本研究觀察到觀音山熔岩有漸變關係，符合鮑氏反應序列。從橄欖石玄武岩→普通輝石玄武岩→普通輝石安山岩→兩輝石安山岩→紫蘇輝石安山岩→黑雲母角閃石安山岩。 並依據新的田野調查資料，修正觀音山的地質圖資；建立火山噴發歷程模擬動畫；製作立體地形模型，以瞭解對地質地貌關係，皆可做為日後觀音山地球科學教育之參考。

本研究應用遙感技術和機器學習方法，提出了三個創新應用，目的在提升紅樹林生態系統的分類監測和藍碳儲量評估。 首先，建立機器學習模型(隨機森林演算法)，對紅樹林植物進行自動分類，分類準確率達94.74%。此模型能夠應用於特定區域的長期監測，捕捉紅樹林覆蓋範圍和植物變化的動態趨勢。並且開發了RGBN（Red-Green-Blue-NIR Mangrove Index）遙感指數，此指數主要結合可見光波段和近紅外波段，能有效提升了紅樹林植被健康狀況評估的準確度，並具有廣泛的區域適用性，不限於特定研究區域，適用於全球範圍的紅樹林監測。最後，本研究成功整合並編寫了InVEST模型的程式碼，本模型進一步應用於紅樹林藍碳價值評估，未來將透過收集詳細的土地利用、碳匯數據及生物物理參數，量化紅樹林的藍碳價值，為碳交易與藍碳管理提供科學依據。

Climate changes that include ocean acidification and global warming are serious problems in the ecosystem, affecting marine phytoplankton, including Nannochloropsis oceanica. In the effort to further explore the impact of rising temperature and carbon dioxide (CO₂) concentrations on oceanic ecosystems, the phytoplankton Nannochloropsis oceanica was used as a model organism. This study explored the effect of temperature change and CO₂ concentration on the growth of Nannochloropsis oceanica, achieving 243 samples that were tested with three different temperatures (24 degrees Celsius (°C), 28°C, 32°C) and CO₂ concentrations (0 milliliter (ml)/min, 0.4 ml/min, 0.6 ml/min), utilizing a hemocytometer counting method. Results indicate that the CO₂ concentration has a significant effect on the population of Nannochloropsis oceanica. But the temperature doesn't affect a lot. The Nannochloropsis oceanica in the lowest temperature and highest concentration of CO₂ in its environment had the highest population growth, and in the highest temperature and lowest concentration of CO₂, it had the lowest population growth. Results show the serious negative effect of climate change on the cosystem and the importance of environmental protection. Population blooms due to excess CO₂ taking up ocean resources causing dangerous ecological imbalances.

The country of Nepal, although beautiful, is facing many challenges due to its geography, lying between the towering Himalayas and the vast plains of Terai. The narrow mountain roads, prone to landslides and poor infrastructure, often result in frequent accidents. This situation is worsened by the delayed emergency response, as accidents are often reported much later than the time they occur. In the past ten years, over 15 major bus accidents have killed hundreds of people, and in 2024 alone, more than 80 deaths were reported. In response, the "Third Life" project was developed to improve emergency response time and save lives.The project has two main components: first, a device equipped with GSM (Global System for Mobile Communications), a GPS module (Global Positioning System), a gyroscopic sensor, and a microcontroller to detect accidents in real-time within seconds of the incident. Second, once an accident is detected, live coordinates are sent directly to emergency services and police stations for immediate assistance.This project is not only vital for Nepal but also for countries with similar terrain and infrastructure challenges. The "Third Life" project aims to save many lives that are lost due to delayed reporting, ensuring quicker emergency responses.A tragic example of this was the 2024 Trishuli bus accident, where many lives were lost when the bus plunged into the river. To date, the bus has not been recovered. Our project aims to create a waterproof device that, when connected to a satellite, will send live coordinates to emergency services, ensuring 100% reliability. This device could help locate the bus, which is still missing, within seconds.Ultimately, this initiative offers more than just safety it restores peace of mind and hope for the families of victims, providing them with a chance for a better future despite the tragedy.

MAGALH˜AES, Eduardo De Mˆonaco. PiezoPioggia: Energy Harvesting with Raindrops. 2024. 24 p. Research report – Scientific Apprentice Program, Col´egio Dante Alighieri, S˜ao Paulo, 2024. This project wishes to study and analyze the possibility of generating clean and accessible energy with the plain impact of droplets in the ground. Therefore, it was necessary to use piezoelectric devices in order to convert the kinetic energy of each droplet into electric energy throughout piezoelectric energy harvesting processes, (PEH). Piezoelectricity is a method of clean and sustainable energy generation, developed and explored by several scientists worldwide. Thus, while studying the proprieties of those devices, the project evaluates the present situation of electricity harvesting in Brazil, the benefits of piezoelectric technology and the possibilities it presents to economy and society. Throughout the development the project builds itself upon mathematical equations and experimental results, analyzing the deformation and generated tensions of piezos. Brand new data on the behavior of rain, as well as about the potential it presents for PEH are highlighted throughout the research, reinforcing the value of such process as a sustainable energy generation method alongside with its investment potential, both from governmental and private institutions. The project also deeply characterizes the piezoelectric device studied, diving deeply in its characteristics and evaluating the deformation of the device and treating the data sets with statistical analysis methods, in order to improve the precision of the data presented. All in all, the opportunities of piezoelectric energy harvesting in the rain, nella pioggia, shall be discussed profoundly throughout the project.

氣候變遷加劇了蚊媒疾病對全球公共衛生的威脅，迫切需要創新的解決方案。在台灣，登革熱的傳播主要由蚊蟲滋生所致。為了解決此問題，我們設計了一款三層結構的3D 列印誘蚊器，包括吸引懷孕雌蚊產卵的誘餌層、捕捉蚊蟲的黏膠層，以及防止異物進入的保護層。該裝置成本低、易製作且不需要外部電力，特別適合在資源有限的地區部署。 我們結合校園監測站每日捕捉的蚊蟲數據與氣象站提供的溫度、濕度和降雨等環境數據，運用SARIMA 與隨機森林混合模型進行分析與預測。SARIMA模型負責捕捉蚊蟲數量的季節性與長期趨勢，而隨機森林模型則處理環境變數與蚊蟲密度之間的非線性關係。此混合模型不僅提高了預測精度，還能解析蚊蟲的生態模式，進一步指導誘蚊器的最佳配置。此外，我們還開發了紅外線感測系統，即時偵測蚊蟲活動，為監測提供精準數據。 為評估氣候變遷的影響，我們模擬了不同全球暖化情境下的蚊蟲密度變化趨勢。結果顯示，隨著溫度上升，蚊蟲密度呈現非線性收斂趨勢，但正相關性依然存在，強調了氣候變遷可能帶來的潛在危害。我們還開發了一個網站，用於即時呈現蚊蟲密度預測，幫助政策制定者和公共衛生機構有效應對疾病防控挑戰。 本研究與聯合國永續發展目標（SDGs）中的SDG3（良好健康與福祉）及SDG13（氣候行動）高度契合，展示了結合3D列印、機器學習、即時感測和網路技術應對蚊媒疾病的創新潛力。此系統提供了一個可持續的全球蚊蟲控制模型，為公共衛生、疾病預防及流行病學的未來創新奠定了堅實基礎。

Wibrazz is a wearable communication tool that allows the teacher, the therapist, the parent to communicate information to the child remotely using the device. Haptic (vibrationbased) feedback is becoming increasingly important in everyday life. A vibrating device that transmits information through clothing can help people with disabilities who have no or limited sensory use to live an integrated life in society without barriers.

在現今社會，個人越來越依賴自主學習以提升技能和知識，而舞蹈學習尤其受到關注。然而，在沒有專業指導的情況下，學員往往難以掌握舞蹈動作的細節，也難以清楚地評估自己的表現與標準示範之間的差距。 為了應對這一挑戰，本研究利用人體姿態識別演算法OpenPose，捕捉舞蹈者的關節點。通過這項技術，針對舞蹈的標準動作、力度、流暢度等方面，成功地開發出一款自動評分系統。 通過人體姿態識別技術，我們能夠深入分析舞蹈動作的細節，讓學員與標準舞蹈動作進行比較，以確認學習上的差異。我們希望通過這項研究，學員能在沒有專業指導的情況下，利用網路平台創建更有效且有趣的自主學習環境。