DSUP: New Research On The Implementation Of Radioresistance In Cellular Systems
In radiation treatments and manned interplanetary space travel, radiation is one of the biggest problems. The radiotolerance of cancer cells makes it necessary to apply high doses to surrounding healthy tissues by subjecting the cells to heavy stress. With regard to space travel (which involves a minimum travel time of 6 months) (1,2) the danger concerns cosmic radiation which is capable of inducing genetic mutations that, in turn, can evolve into very serious pathologies, such as cancer, damage to dendrites consequently compromising synapses. The project is aimed at developing a technology that can address these issues and aims to make human DNA radioresistant. This study involves a nucleosome-binding protein called DSUP (Damage Suppressor Protein) unique to the tardigrade Ramazzottius Varieornatus and the subject of its radioresistance. It can theoretically safeguard genetic material damaged by radiation. *Internship theme at the Pino Torinese Astronomical Observatory and the DISIT-UPO Environmental Molecular Toxicology Laboratory. The study molecule: Numerous tests have been carried out through the "in silico" approach geared toward mathematical modeling of its protein structure and complex mechanisms of action simulated through artificial intelligence systems, followed by direct laboratory analysis involving biosynthesis of DSUP by genetically modified bacteria and related tests. Both approaches, applied synergistically, aim to make it accessible and useful for the protection of human health.
Decoding Climate Resilience: Functional Profiling of Protein Phosphatase 2C Family Genes for Abiotic Stress Tolerance in Rice
Problem • Rice is the primary cereal crop consumed by nearly half the population worldwide • By 2050, there will be a 50% increase in demand for rice • The world’s poor populations depend more on rice, both for income and consumption, than any other food. Rice is the single-largest source of employment and income for rural people • Worldwide, 51–82% of agricultural crop yield is lost annually due to abiotic stress due to climate change • Climate change causes extreme temperatures, erratic rainfall, dangerous droughts, and increased salinity from rising sea levels Solution • To adapt to abiotic stress, rice has intricate signaling pathways, particularly those mediated by the phytohormone abscisic acid (ABA), that cause an increase in stress tolerance • Clade A genes of the Protein Phosphatase 2C (PP2C) gene family are known to be negative regulators of the ABA signaling pathway. • “Deleting” these genes activates the ABA pathway and increases stress tolerance in rice without inducing stress CRISPR gene editing technology is the ideal solution Research Goal • While the role of PP2C genes in stress response is recognized, there is a gap in understanding the specific genes within this family that contribute significantly to stress signaling. Furthermore, there is a need for a detailed investigation into the effects of targeted CRISPR (Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats) genome editing on rice stress response pathways.
探討藉由隧道奈米管(TNTs)傳遞Chromogranin-A對神經母細胞瘤細胞的影響及其相關機制
Previous research observed increased TNTs formation between hypoxic and normoxic neuroblastoma cells, aiding hypoxic cell survival. CHGA was identified as a potential factor in this process. This study compared CHGA expression and whether CHGA exists in TNTs in five cell lines, with SH-SY5Y showing the highest levels, followed by SK-N-BE(2)C, while the other three showed lower expression. Future studies will focus on the impact of CHGA on cell survival and its mechanisms.
Synthesis of Nanocomposite Nanocellulose From Durio zibethinus L. and TiO2 NPs as Potential Food Packaging Antibacterial (E. coli Wild Type and Resistance)
According to the 印尼n Association of Olefin Aromatic and Plastic Industries/INAPLAS, 2019 national plastic consumption still relies on plastic packaging at 65% and surprisingly, around 60% of plastic waste is absorbed by the food and beverage industry. The waste has been widely sought to be environmentally friendly, one of which is by developing biodegradable packaging. The purpose of this research is to make durian peel cellulose nanocomposites impregnated with TiO2 NPs, to form antibacterial properties against E. coli wild type and resistance. In this research, there are research methods consisting of nanocomposite synthesis, PSA test, FTIR, physical characteristics test and resistance test. The results analyzed that the nanocomposite nanocellulose-TiO2 NPs was successfully made using a 1:1 ratio and had a particle size of 458.7 nm based on the PSA test, which is classified as a nano size. The success of nanocomposite synthesis was proven by the results of FTIR analysis, which showed the formation of 698.65cm-1 and 1633.99cm-1 spectra, indicating the peak of TiO2 NPs and O-H functional groups on TiO2 NPs, as well as 1028.98cm-1 and 1158.42cm-1 showing C-O and C-O-C bonds in cellulose. The antibacterial test performed showed no significant activity in disc diffusion and well diffusion tests against E. coli wild type and resistance. This is potentially caused by inhomogeneous particle size variation. Physical characteristics test showed that the tensile strength test (0.075 > 0.0125 MPa) Durio Nano-Pack is superior to styrofoam, but the compressive strength test (0.125 > 0.875 MPa) shows the opposite. In this study, nanocomposite has a potential innovation that provides good mechanical properties and has a dual function mechanically as bio-based food packaging and chemically as antibacterial. Further research is needed to improve the particle size homogeneity of nanocomposites, modify the impregnation method, so that it has the potential to develop multifunctional materials that excel in various applications.