乳酸桿菌及啤酒酵母之相互作用及其代謝產物對Clostridium difficile 生長之影響
市面上可以看到多種品牌紛紛推出了以“啤酒酵母”作為號召的乳製品,標榜健康取向\r 的“啤酒酵母優酪乳”也是其中的一件,我們蒐集了關於啤酒酵母以及乳酸桿菌的文獻,打\r 算研究之間的關係,乳酸菌屬於益生菌,主要的用途是製作優酪乳,可以協助維持體內正常\r 的腸道菌相,降低血清膽固醇以及預防骨質疏鬆症(Rolfe, 2000);啤酒酵母最主要的用途為\r 啤酒的製作,具有解決失眠、消除疲勞、改善痢疾的功效。外國的克芙爾(kefir)也是屬於含\r 有乳酸桿菌及酵母菌菌相的食品,而且也對健康有益。因此我們提出了一個問題﹕啤酒酵母\r 與乳酸桿菌的代謝產物是否有著互利的功效呢?在拋出第一個問號後我們繼續尋找資料以\r 及著手我們的實驗。在文獻中(Gaon et al.,2003;Corthier et al.,1992,1986)也曾經提及啤酒酵\r 母與乳酸桿菌對於Clostridium difficile 所引起的偽膜性腸炎的關係,所以使我們又想問兩個\r 問題:究竟Ampicillin 對於乳酸桿菌、酵母菌、C. difficile 的影響有多大?而乳酸桿菌及酵\r 母菌對於C. difficile 的影響又是什麼?
聽聽貝多芬作品的下一代:將碎形及基因演算法應用於數位音樂產生器
本研究整合了碎形圖形的迭代運算方法與基因交配觀念來達到音樂創新,並透過音樂和諧性判別機制來提高創新音樂的悅耳程度。利用基因觀念之交配的方法來解決長短的問題。這個方法是把原始音符輸入後,找出它們的中心點,以這個中心點為準,其他的音符按照一定比例向外延展,成為新的迭代點。再利用這些迭代點,迭代出新的音符。把製造好的音符染色體放置到交配池中,以隨機的方式在交配池中選取其中之一個染色體進行交配的動作,此二音符染色體會交換彼此的基因,產生下一代新的代表音符長短之染色體,隨後以「模仿母體判斷式」來判斷這新一代的音樂是否與母體音樂相似,藉此淘汰掉「不肖的」下一代,而若新一代與母體的相似程度高的話,它的悅耳性相信也會相對提高。最後把這些技術應用於數位音樂創作,以衍生新穎應用與創新的結果。Fractals can be produced by IFS (Iterated Function Systems). By iterative computation of many times, we can obtain the similar graphics. In my research, the methods to generate the iterative algorithms were presented. In addition, I would discuss the regularity and the content as well as the properties of those digital patterns. At last, the advanced application of fractals to digital music pieces was presented. The program took a note of several measure of music as the beginning point, and made the IFS calculations for each new note in each measure. But there was no difference in beats if you just make the IFS iteration. So I changed the beats with genetic crossover method. In this research, the expression of the DNA to each beat of note was adopted. The same way, it took a note as a beginning point. And the system obtained the new DNA from the old notes for new ones randomly. After producing the new pieces of music, I want to know if it is good to listen. So I used the algorithm that checks the simulation to the shape of mother music. If its shape is similar to the mother music, the probability that the new music is pleasing may even increase. That would make a piece of brand new music. What I want to do in this research is improve the multiformity of music and find what the relationship is of ‘good music’ and mathematical algorithms