2017年

Tradescantia (Tradescantia fluminensis) is the worst weed in New Zealand. By smothering and shading out seedlings, Tradescantia prevents forest regeneration. Current control methods are ineffective and simultaneously cause harm to native forest. In 2011 Neolema ogloblini, a Brazilian beetle was introduced into New Zealand as a biological control for Tradescantia. To be successful in New Zealand, a country with different environmental factors, the beetles’ ranges of preference (temperature and light intensity) had to be investigated. A gender specific trait also identified, to enable desired sex ratios within founding populations to be selected. [18] This would ensure that the beetles are not released in areas of physiological stress, and can be optimised to have the greatest impact on Tradscantia. To establish how the intensity of light affects the distribution and amount of Tradescantia eaten by N.ogloblini a choice chamber investigation was conducted. Different layers of shade cloth provided a range of light intensities 150-3450Lux (likely to be found under forest canopy where Tradescantia is problematic). Thirty beetles of a range of sizes and approximately same maturity were randomly distributed through the chambers. Each chamber contained a shoot of Tradescantia with 5 leaves. After a 24hour period the number of beetles in each chamber were counted and the amount of surface area of the leaves eaten measured. The effect of temperature on the amount of leaf surface area eaten was investigated by selecting 90 beetles of a range of sizes and withholding food for 24hours. Five beetles were placed in each of three containers containing two leaves. Each trial container was precooled/warmed to the test temperature before the beetles were added. Leaves of a similar size, shape, mass and maturity were used. All leaves were genetically identical and collected from the same location. Sets of three containers were held in the dark at the following temperatures for 24hours: 9°C, 15°C, 20°C, 25°C, 30°C and 35°C. The surface area of leaf eaten at each temperature (mm2) was calculated. Lastly, microscopic dissections were conducted, using 32 beetles ranging in size, to establish if length (measured from the top of the head to the base of the abdomen) could be used as a phenotypic marker to identify beetle gender. While only a very weak positive relationship between increasing light intensity and the number of beetles was found a significantly higher area of leaf was eaten at a light intensity of 3450Lux compared to 150Lux. The amount of leaf area eaten is significantly reduced at temperatures of 15˚C and below, and significantly increased at 35˚C. There is no significant difference in the amount of leaf area eaten when comparing temperatures between 20-30˚C. Females have on average a larger body length (median=4.92mm) than the males (median=4.215mm). Therefore, sites with warmer temperatures in dappled light conditions (3450Lux) should be prioritised for the release of N.ogloblini, as this is the location in New Zealand at which their use as a biological control will be optimised. Beetle length can be confidently used to select desired gender ratios.

銦之化合物常被應用於半導體產業當中，隨著使用量的增加也提高銦污染流佈於環境的風險，若此污染物流布至土壤並累積於植物體內，則可能通過食物鏈而影響人體的健康。現今國內外鮮少有銦對植物影響的相關研究，因此本研究以培養基試驗，探討銦對模式植物阿拉伯芥生長之影響。結果顯示，當銦處理濃度為500 µM時，其生質量以及根長會受到抑制。MDA含量的增加，顯示銦會對阿拉伯芥造成氧化逆境，而穀胱甘肽與金屬螯合素並非阿拉伯芥在銦逆境下主要的抗氧化機制。本研究亦發現銦處理下會影響對錳、鉀、鈉、磷、鐵、錳、銅以及鋅的吸收。此外，X光吸收光譜分析顯示根部以及地上部中銦物種有明顯組成上的差異。於根部有42.9%的銦是以吸附於細胞壁的形式存在，這可視為植物對重金屬所採取「隔離」策略的防禦方式之一。

本研究探討TDP-43突變之漸凍人症(ALS)線蟲模式中的BLMP-1與其運動障礙之間的關係。在ALS患者的運動神經元內，Fas 訊息途徑活化之ASK1激酶被證實會導致軸突運輸障礙。在長壽漿細胞中，有研究發現BLIMP1可調控ASK1之表現。因此，本研究推測在TDP-43突變線蟲運動神經元中，BLMP-1(人類BLIMP1之同源蛋白質)會降低NSY-1(人類ASK1之同源蛋白質)表現，間接證明提升BLMP-1量有助改善癱瘓症狀。 本研究藉降低NSY-1表現的方式，分析線蟲之癱瘓程度與運動動能驗證Fas訊息途徑在線蟲中亦對運動功能障礙有顯著促進，確認其作為本研究模式生物之合理性。此外，將其側腹神經索中的BLMP-1表現量下降，發現其運動功能急遽惡化。最後將兩基因之表現量下降，則運動功能改善。 本研究首度證實線蟲之BLMP-1能有效的阻礙NSY-1所造成之運動障礙，且降低BLMP-1表達量會加劇其癱瘓症狀。此研究之發現對SOD1突變引起的ALS治療提供一個新研究方向及治癒的可能性。

本研究為紙電路印刷機之研發，我們將紙當成電路板的基材，以銅箔與銀箔為佈線的導電材料，透過自行開發的機台研究銅箔與銀箔在製作時，所需的時間、溫度、壓力、印刷電路完成度、耐流值與耐熱值等因素，來驗證我們研發的紙電路印刷機適合用於學校實習課程教學，培養學生LAYOUT的能力，同時也在獲得數值曲線的關係式之後，再加以製作更大作業面積的機台，以期能製作出更大的電路，而整個研究除了自行開發儀器及數據驗證外，亦可以把學生實習課程融入環境保護的概念以及文創商品整合的知識。

本研究設計相機-顯微鏡-玻璃座平行銅片電場裝置，拍攝鹽類液滴在高電壓電場中的結晶現象，並以色階曲線為基礎,發展出SCL值,來偵測晶體表面的性質。實驗先找到能讓晶體成長趨向單顆且高透明的條件為：加蓋（低蒸發速率）、過濾、無施加電場與低熱LED光源。並應用蒸發速率差異，發現食鹽晶體的變速成長現象。蒸發快會形成階梯螺旋紋，蒸發慢，紋路消失，變成全透明晶體。將這裝置轉放在高電壓電場下可發現：晶體形狀發生改變（晶體傾斜或碎晶），透光度變差（SCL值變小），可觀察到新生晶體邊緣，有條狀暗紋出現，但晶體成長速率變化不大。鹽晶析出反應會因些微的外在變化，而影響溶液中離子堆疊，在晶體表面出現陰影或不規則紋路。這種對外在環境有著高度反應的現象，可以透過反應位能曲線圖來解釋，正可以用來研究外界高壓電場如何對物質發生影響。

本研究源自三角形的重心及其外接圓所構作的線段比值的古老幾何性質，我們不但推廣原命題，還創造新命題：給定△ABC與其外接錐線Γ，令直線AG, BG, CG分別交Γ 於 A', B', C' 點，再取任意k值，探討P點集合的性質。 Γ3, k={P|AA'/PA' + BB'/PB' +CC'/PC'=k} (1)Γ3,k為二次曲線系，其橢圓、拋物線、雙曲線之形態不因k值而改變，而是被外接錐線Γ所決定。 (2)發現△ABC重心 G、Γ中心O、Γ3,k 中心O3,k 的共線性及比例常數。 (3)完整劃分 Γ3,k的非退化與退化型態，並發現只有Γ3,k 為橢圓時，k 值有跳躍現象。 (4) 發現錐線Γ上取相異六點而生成兩個錐線Γ3,k、Π3,k重合的充分條件。 最後，我們以「錐線 Γ 上取一點、兩點到多點」的線性組合手法，推廣多邊形與其外接錐線的生成錐線Γn,k之性質。

量子計算的效率相較傳統計算有指數級成長。然而此領域中多數研究皆專注於量子計算的性質本身，鮮少討論如何將傳統環境中的既有資訊轉換至量子環境下。一旦量子電腦實現，受量子效應限制，傳統資料多半不能相容於量子環境中。因此，本研究的目的是發想出一種系統性的演算法以確實跨越量子資訊與傳統資訊之間資料結構的藩籬。我們選擇的計算機模型是確定有限狀態自動機（Deterministic Finite Automaton，簡稱DFA）。 本研究由自動機的轉移矩陣（Transition Matrix）及量子環境要求的可逆性（Reversibility）出發，自傳統DFA一步步轉換至量子有限狀態自動機（Quantum Finite Automaton，簡稱QFA）並進行優化。最終，我們定義出一種新的QFA模型（QDFA）能在量子環境下運行，具有增大的字母表（Alphabet Set）但功能完全等價於DFA（能辨認正則語言）。本研究獨創的演算法的時間複雜度為O(C×N2)。

消費者對於公益商品的訂價看法為何？利他行為會不會有價差？本研究採取隨機分派之問卷研究法，調查板橋車站內受試者所認為的合理公益餅乾售價。問卷分為兩個模組，分別為公益餅乾與非公益餅乾，消費者填答自己所認為的合理價格，並同時填寫性別、年齡、教育程度等等基本資料。 研究者將600份問卷排除遺漏值後，以584份數據資料進行迴歸分析。分析結果指出，年齡介於21到30歲之間的青年，最不願意為公益理念付出金錢，同時，教育程度越高以及感情狀態處於單身者也不願意為公益理念付出價差，而整體來說，受試者公益與非公益模組間的價差大約為平均價格的百分之十。研究者對此四項主要發現進行推論與探討，並期望日後有更多相關方面的研究。

The researchers aim to construct an emergency mobile phone charging station that runs on renewable energy and will serve as a cost-efficient alternative to more traditional power banks. Circuit components include a 20V / 6W solar panel supplemented by a hand-crank gear mechanism integrated with a 6V / 1A lead-acid battery, a usb output and an adjustable switch-mode power supply (SMPS) to convert excess voltage into current. Initial voltage and current outputs were measured under varying resistances. It was determined that the set-up satisfied the minimum voltage and current requirement for charging a mobile phone (5V / 1A). A subsequent phone charging test was executed using a Samsung Galaxy J2 (3.85V Li-ion battery 7.70W, Charge Voltage: 4.4V / 2000mAh) wherein it charged on an average of 0.277% per minute for the solar panel and an average of 0.263% per minute for the hand crank gear mechanism. A Mann-Whitney U statistical test was conducted to determine if the charging rate of the charging station had a significant difference from a commercially available power bank’s. The calculated UA: (4) from the test was below the lower limit and the UB: (217) was above the upper limit which indicated that there was a significant difference between the charging rates. While the efficiency was lower than the commercial power bank’s, it can still be used as an alternative charging method especially during emergencies and disasters.

本研究以不同水解纖維素的方法，包括傳統酸水解、微波及臭氧法，完成效果比較，並以各方法最優勢理論組成最快速且產醣量最高的水解程序。再以麴菌發酵將醣轉為生質酒精，以止逆閥自製簡易即時取樣發酵裝置並研究效率最佳的麴菌酒精發酵，其中速發酵母平均一天酒精生成率高達約90.5%。 藉由基礎水解及發酵研究成功設計一套「低耗能、低成本、低汙染、高效率」自製可攜式簡易水解發酵膠囊進行纖維素水解，轉化為醣後又可在同一膠囊中加入麴菌進行酒精發酵，效果極佳，提升轉換率達63.8%。本研究進一步透過此自製膠囊推廣到廢棄稻草桿、甘蔗渣、甘蔗皮等，皆可得到極佳效果。