2017年

The redox reactions of bacteria metabolism have been extrinsically studied. These mechanisms allow certain types of bacteria to be able to synthesize extremely valuable extracellular byproducts. Other types of bacteria are able to extract toxic metals from water by donating electrons directly to those aqueous metal ions, thus turning them into solid precipitates. However, the problem of these microorganisms is that their efficiency rates and production speeds are exceptionally low. This study focuses on the properties of electrotrophs, which are bacteria that can feed on pure electrons directly from an electrode (Rabaey et al 2010). Compared to normal organic-feeding bacteria, electrotrophs direct the majority of the electrons obtained to the production of metabolic byproducts (Nevin et al 2010). Therefore, when electrotrophs are employed in bioelectrochemical systems (BESs) their metabolic redox reaction efficiency rates are dramatically increased. This makes it possible to produce large quantities of valuable compounds such as hydrocarbons, plastics and medicine or efficiently remediating the environment (He et al 2016). Moreover, the usage of electricity as an energy source compared to conventional organic substrates is immensely cheaper (Rabaey et al 2010). However, not all bacteria are electrotrophs nor do all electrotrophs have favourable metabolic traits. Thus, there is a need for a novel procedure to turn conventional bacteria into electrotrophs which is a crucial step to making the BES an aggressive competitor in the sustainable energy industry.

銦之化合物常被應用於半導體產業當中，隨著使用量的增加也提高銦污染流佈於環境的風險，若此污染物流布至土壤並累積於植物體內，則可能通過食物鏈而影響人體的健康。現今國內外鮮少有銦對植物影響的相關研究，因此本研究以培養基試驗，探討銦對模式植物阿拉伯芥生長之影響。結果顯示，當銦處理濃度為500 µM時，其生質量以及根長會受到抑制。MDA含量的增加，顯示銦會對阿拉伯芥造成氧化逆境，而穀胱甘肽與金屬螯合素並非阿拉伯芥在銦逆境下主要的抗氧化機制。本研究亦發現銦處理下會影響對錳、鉀、鈉、磷、鐵、錳、銅以及鋅的吸收。此外，X光吸收光譜分析顯示根部以及地上部中銦物種有明顯組成上的差異。於根部有42.9%的銦是以吸附於細胞壁的形式存在，這可視為植物對重金屬所採取「隔離」策略的防禦方式之一。

本研究探討TDP-43突變之漸凍人症(ALS)線蟲模式中的BLMP-1與其運動障礙之間的關係。在ALS患者的運動神經元內，Fas 訊息途徑活化之ASK1激酶被證實會導致軸突運輸障礙。在長壽漿細胞中，有研究發現BLIMP1可調控ASK1之表現。因此，本研究推測在TDP-43突變線蟲運動神經元中，BLMP-1(人類BLIMP1之同源蛋白質)會降低NSY-1(人類ASK1之同源蛋白質)表現，間接證明提升BLMP-1量有助改善癱瘓症狀。 本研究藉降低NSY-1表現的方式，分析線蟲之癱瘓程度與運動動能驗證Fas訊息途徑在線蟲中亦對運動功能障礙有顯著促進，確認其作為本研究模式生物之合理性。此外，將其側腹神經索中的BLMP-1表現量下降，發現其運動功能急遽惡化。最後將兩基因之表現量下降，則運動功能改善。 本研究首度證實線蟲之BLMP-1能有效的阻礙NSY-1所造成之運動障礙，且降低BLMP-1表達量會加劇其癱瘓症狀。此研究之發現對SOD1突變引起的ALS治療提供一個新研究方向及治癒的可能性。

本研究為紙電路印刷機之研發，我們將紙當成電路板的基材，以銅箔與銀箔為佈線的導電材料，透過自行開發的機台研究銅箔與銀箔在製作時，所需的時間、溫度、壓力、印刷電路完成度、耐流值與耐熱值等因素，來驗證我們研發的紙電路印刷機適合用於學校實習課程教學，培養學生LAYOUT的能力，同時也在獲得數值曲線的關係式之後，再加以製作更大作業面積的機台，以期能製作出更大的電路，而整個研究除了自行開發儀器及數據驗證外，亦可以把學生實習課程融入環境保護的概念以及文創商品整合的知識。

本研究設計相機-顯微鏡-玻璃座平行銅片電場裝置，拍攝鹽類液滴在高電壓電場中的結晶現象，並以色階曲線為基礎,發展出SCL值,來偵測晶體表面的性質。實驗先找到能讓晶體成長趨向單顆且高透明的條件為：加蓋（低蒸發速率）、過濾、無施加電場與低熱LED光源。並應用蒸發速率差異，發現食鹽晶體的變速成長現象。蒸發快會形成階梯螺旋紋，蒸發慢，紋路消失，變成全透明晶體。將這裝置轉放在高電壓電場下可發現：晶體形狀發生改變（晶體傾斜或碎晶），透光度變差（SCL值變小），可觀察到新生晶體邊緣，有條狀暗紋出現，但晶體成長速率變化不大。鹽晶析出反應會因些微的外在變化，而影響溶液中離子堆疊，在晶體表面出現陰影或不規則紋路。這種對外在環境有著高度反應的現象，可以透過反應位能曲線圖來解釋，正可以用來研究外界高壓電場如何對物質發生影響。

本研究源自三角形的重心及其外接圓所構作的線段比值的古老幾何性質，我們不但推廣原命題，還創造新命題：給定△ABC與其外接錐線Γ，令直線AG, BG, CG分別交Γ 於 A', B', C' 點，再取任意k值，探討P點集合的性質。 Γ3, k={P|AA'/PA' + BB'/PB' +CC'/PC'=k} (1)Γ3,k為二次曲線系，其橢圓、拋物線、雙曲線之形態不因k值而改變，而是被外接錐線Γ所決定。 (2)發現△ABC重心 G、Γ中心O、Γ3,k 中心O3,k 的共線性及比例常數。 (3)完整劃分 Γ3,k的非退化與退化型態，並發現只有Γ3,k 為橢圓時，k 值有跳躍現象。 (4) 發現錐線Γ上取相異六點而生成兩個錐線Γ3,k、Π3,k重合的充分條件。 最後，我們以「錐線 Γ 上取一點、兩點到多點」的線性組合手法，推廣多邊形與其外接錐線的生成錐線Γn,k之性質。

The researchers aim to construct an emergency mobile phone charging station that runs on renewable energy and will serve as a cost-efficient alternative to more traditional power banks. Circuit components include a 20V / 6W solar panel supplemented by a hand-crank gear mechanism integrated with a 6V / 1A lead-acid battery, a usb output and an adjustable switch-mode power supply (SMPS) to convert excess voltage into current. Initial voltage and current outputs were measured under varying resistances. It was determined that the set-up satisfied the minimum voltage and current requirement for charging a mobile phone (5V / 1A). A subsequent phone charging test was executed using a Samsung Galaxy J2 (3.85V Li-ion battery 7.70W, Charge Voltage: 4.4V / 2000mAh) wherein it charged on an average of 0.277% per minute for the solar panel and an average of 0.263% per minute for the hand crank gear mechanism. A Mann-Whitney U statistical test was conducted to determine if the charging rate of the charging station had a significant difference from a commercially available power bank’s. The calculated UA: (4) from the test was below the lower limit and the UB: (217) was above the upper limit which indicated that there was a significant difference between the charging rates. While the efficiency was lower than the commercial power bank’s, it can still be used as an alternative charging method especially during emergencies and disasters.

消費者對於公益商品的訂價看法為何？利他行為會不會有價差？本研究採取隨機分派之問卷研究法，調查板橋車站內受試者所認為的合理公益餅乾售價。問卷分為兩個模組，分別為公益餅乾與非公益餅乾，消費者填答自己所認為的合理價格，並同時填寫性別、年齡、教育程度等等基本資料。 研究者將600份問卷排除遺漏值後，以584份數據資料進行迴歸分析。分析結果指出，年齡介於21到30歲之間的青年，最不願意為公益理念付出金錢，同時，教育程度越高以及感情狀態處於單身者也不願意為公益理念付出價差，而整體來說，受試者公益與非公益模組間的價差大約為平均價格的百分之十。研究者對此四項主要發現進行推論與探討，並期望日後有更多相關方面的研究。

量子計算的效率相較傳統計算有指數級成長。然而此領域中多數研究皆專注於量子計算的性質本身，鮮少討論如何將傳統環境中的既有資訊轉換至量子環境下。一旦量子電腦實現，受量子效應限制，傳統資料多半不能相容於量子環境中。因此，本研究的目的是發想出一種系統性的演算法以確實跨越量子資訊與傳統資訊之間資料結構的藩籬。我們選擇的計算機模型是確定有限狀態自動機（Deterministic Finite Automaton，簡稱DFA）。 本研究由自動機的轉移矩陣（Transition Matrix）及量子環境要求的可逆性（Reversibility）出發，自傳統DFA一步步轉換至量子有限狀態自動機（Quantum Finite Automaton，簡稱QFA）並進行優化。最終，我們定義出一種新的QFA模型（QDFA）能在量子環境下運行，具有增大的字母表（Alphabet Set）但功能完全等價於DFA（能辨認正則語言）。本研究獨創的演算法的時間複雜度為O(C×N2)。

This study investigated the production of novel molecular templates, and analyze their adsorption effect on four heavy metal ions (Cu+2, Pb+2, Zn+2, Mn+2), which commonly exist in Taiwan's rivers. Different operating conditions (such as competitive adsorption, pH value and other factors) were explored to compare their adsorption effect of heavy metal ions by using the synthesized template molecules. The molecular templates were found to be specific towards their target metal ions with a high adsorption effect. Then combined with the idea of magnetic particles to produce magnetic molecule templates, a maximum amount of adsorption of heavy metal ions up to 95% through the molecular template was achieved while the effect of heavy metals desorption of up to 83% could be also successfully obtained. Experimental results showed that the magnetic molecule templates did not affect the adsorption of heavy metal ions. Not only can they speed up the recovery time of adsorption but the template molecules can also be collected more efficiently. We also proposed three different applications for the developed molecular templates. The development of magnetic molecular template may provide an affordable, highly-efficient way for dealing with heavy metal pollutions.