New Concept of Intelligent Wound Dressing
Substance losses, burns and injuries arising from various causes represent a constant problem encountered by homo sapiens throughout its existence. Rudimentary treatments, relatively effective and less effective, have left their mark on the way we perceive the presence and treatment of wounds caused by various factors. Searching through medical archives, we can trace the specific protocols for these medical conditions back to 2200 BC, when they were structured in three steps: 1) cleaning the skin lesion, 2) applying a dressing (from glue to various preparations) and 3 ) bandaging the skin lesion. Currently, the appearance of wounds on the skin is caused both by accidents in the performance of various activities and by certain diseases that manifest themselves through skin rashes or skin lesions. Their frequency is in the thousands, according to the latest statistics, affecting the majority of the population non-selectively. It is vital that skin lesions receive the necessary care and attention, commensurate with their severity. Being open wounds on the surface of the skin, it is essential that the treatment be meticulous and appropriate to their type, as skin lesions represent a threat to the patient's life. From infections to hydroelectrolytic imbalances specific to burns, the multitude of factors that influence healing highlight the need for a dressing that can be easily customized according to the specificity of the wound, the needs of the patient and that is affordable both from the point of view of production cost as well as its use, making death from skin lesions easily avoidable through an intelligent approach. One of the most complex biological processes and indispensable to humans is the healing of skin lesions. Healing involves a carefully regulated series of biochemical and cellular activities in tandem. Traditional therapies and substances of natural origin have been used to facilitate the regeneration process and accelerate the wound healing process, being applied with encouraging results. Despite the fact that these generally present a low cost, they can be more expensive than contemporary treatments and can be influenced by regional, seasonal factors, showing fluctuations from batch to batch, which could lead to unpredictable allergic reactions, side effects and inconsistent clinical findings. Currently, the standard of care for skin lesions is to clean the wound with antiseptic solutions to prevent infection, apply a dressing followed by bandaging to keep the dressing in place, and if necessary excision of the tissue that has become non-viable. In the case of diabetic ulcers, it is necessary to excise the tissue that has become non-viable and to maintain control over the level of glucose in the body.
果蠅緯度相關晝夜節律特徵:穩定性、活動量分佈與演化意義
Latitude-Dependent Circadian Traits in Drosophila: Stability, Activity Peaks, and Evolutionary Implications
生物時鐘可對生物體的行為與生理造成影響,在探討晝夜節律特徵的差異時,過去研究常侷限於北美大陸的品系,缺少赤道及南半球品系的晝夜節律特徵探討。有鑒於黑腹果蠅在全球各大洲的廣泛分佈,因此我們以黑腹果蠅(近赤道與中高緯度品系)為材料,研究果蠅是否因緯度而有相異的晝夜節律特徵?結果顯示不同緯度的果蠅品系展現出相異的晝夜節律特徵。赤報品系在全暗狀態下仍維持原本光暗12小時的穩定節律,而南北半球的中高緯度品系則具有相似節律特徵,即在全暗狀態下的節律不對齊原本正常光源的穩定節律,其他如活動量、週期、及節律強度等皆有著品系間的差異。更進一步比對實驗中各個品系基因序列,研究發現per和tim在調控區段有許多SNP變異,顯示其與晝夜節律特徵的關係,有助於後續尋找更多造成晝夜節律特徵差異的可能遺傳變異並探討。
格子點的可見性研究
本文的主要結果有兩部分,第一部分,對於固定的𝑏 ∈ 𝑁以原點 O為觀測點,𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑎𝑥𝑏, 𝑎 ∈ 𝑄為觀測視線,觀測目標為格子點陣列𝑉(𝑚) = {(𝑖, 𝑗)|𝑖, 𝑗 ∈ 𝑁, 1 ≤ 𝑖 ≤ 𝑚, 1 ≤ 𝑗 ≤ 𝑚 },研究其中可見點的數量與機率。我們發現可見點的數量與歐拉函數及默比烏斯函數有關,可見點的機率也與黎曼𝑧𝑒𝑡𝑎函數具有關聯性。第二部分,對於固定的𝑏 ∈ 𝑁,我們在 𝑥軸與𝑦 軸上布置觀測點,以布置的觀測點為新原點,𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑎𝑥𝑏, 𝑎 ∈ 𝑄為觀測視線,研究將目標點集𝑉(𝑚 × 𝑛) = {(𝑖, 𝑗)|𝑖, 𝑗 ∈ 𝑁, 1 ≤ 𝑖 ≤ 𝑚}完整觀測的布點方法與數量。得到重要成果如下,設正整數𝑚 ≥ 6且𝑇 ⊂ {1, … , 𝑚 + 1}為一個 𝐹(𝑚) −覆蓋,𝑟為大於𝑚的最小質數,對於目標點集𝑉(𝑚 × 𝑛),建構觀測點集 𝑆2 = {(0, 0), (0, 𝑟)}∪{(𝑡, 0) | 𝑡 ∈ 𝑇},則 𝑉(𝑚 × 𝑛)為𝑆2 −可見。並進一步研究將目標點集改為𝑉(𝑛 × 𝑚) = {(𝑖, 𝑗)|𝑖, 𝑗 ∈ 𝑁, 1 ≤ 𝑗 ≤ 𝑚},發現其所需要的觀測點數可顯著減少。