工程學

The objective of this project is to investigate styrene butadiene rubber(SBR), which is the most important synthetic rubber. The project contains production methods, properties, safety methods and applications for emulsion SBR. The goal is to determine which production technique of SBR is the most beneficial. This is based on the chemical and physical properties of the final product and its quality. The process that is used in the project is emulsion SBR with combined coagulation stripping. The rubber production plant is a profitable venture. The total capital cost is estimated around $31,361,572, with an annual production cost of about $67,281,378 yearly, generating revenues of $73,801,760 per fiscal year, with an interest rate of 5%. The life of the plant is 15 years and would produce 50,000 ton/year.

In recent years, the price of the oil keeps rising continuously. As a result, the prices of the commodities are rising, too. But what does this mean? This situation stands for the resources on are becoming more and more valuable. A few months ago, I read a Weekly Business Magazine and a Scientist Magazine. They both pointed out that the resources such as oil would disappear after fifty years, and that was a horrible phenomenon. Since almost everything in our modern lives are related to oil, like automobile, motorcycle and air plane. They all need oil for its ingredient. Even plastic bag plays a part in the products of it. I really cannot imagine what it would be like if we don’t have oil after fifty years. Owing to the green house effect is becoming more severe, there are many substitution resources found, such as hydraulic power, wind power and solar energy…etc. What we’re discussing in our topic is how to enhance the power of solar energy, because for now, we all know that the solar module is very expensive and it cost a great deal of money just only one square meter, but the price of module converted from sunlight or heat energy can’t be higher. Therefore, the work is mainly to design and carry out a solar max power point track. 近年來，油價不斷的上漲，連帶著民生的物價漲幅也是越來越可觀，但…這意味著什麼 呢??這所代表的是地球上的資源可以說是越來越珍貴了，前陣子曾經看過商業週刊、科學人 雜誌…他們紛紛所指石油這種能源可能在五十年後就消失殆盡，這個可是非常可怕的結果。 鑑於溫室效應愈趨嚴重，許多的替代能源紛紛出籠，像是風力、水力和太陽能等等。我們這 次的主題是在討論如何提高太陽能效率，現在的太陽能模組我們都曉得非常的昂貴，但是由 太陽轉化成電能的效率卻是低的可以。所以本作品主要目的在於設計與實現一個太陽能最大 功率追蹤器。

The World Trade Center in New York City was collapsed after attacked by the terrorist. Although the design of this building did not consider the attack by the terrorist, however, this event also exposed the weakness of a high-rise building. This study is aimed at examining the cause of the collapse of the World Trade Center. A series of experimental studies was carried out to examine the strength of steel material under elevated temperature. Experimental studies were also performed on model steel frames under fire to simulate the situation of World Trade Center under fire. It is found that the strength of steel structure decayed under fire event. The upper stories lost its support from the floor that was subjected to fire load and the collapse of the floor under fire induced impact load from the upper stories. Progressive failure occurred on the subsequent floors due to the impact from the upper stories. This phenomenon was also observed in the experimental study of the model frame tests. This study has successful reproduced the failure mode of the World Trade Center in New York City. 紐約世界貿易中心大樓在遭遇恐怖份子攻擊後倒塌，雖然大樓之設計可能並未考慮恐怖份子的攻擊，但此次事件亦暴露超高層大樓的脆弱，本研究乃探討紐約世貿大樓破壞之原因，研究過程中首先以一系列之試驗探討鋼鐵材料在高溫下之行為，尤其是高溫對鋼材強度之影響。其次並進行鋼骨模型骨架受火燒之破壞試驗，發現在高溫燒烤下鋼骨軟化而失去承載能力，而無法承載上方樓層之重量，上方樓層倒塌後往下形成一衝擊力，並造成往下連續之衝擊，最後導致整體結構倒塌，模型結構試驗亦證實世貿大樓之破壞模式

隨著全球石油能源短缺，世界各國無不積極尋求永續開發且無公害污染之能源方案，而利用海洋能量發電的形式已成為世界諸國積極研究之重要課題。本研究利用近海岸浮體式波浪發電設計，並利用波浪理論推導與波浪實境測試之方式，創作出在波浪中之發電系統。發電過程為波浪推動浮體，浮體拉動水下的掛重移動，透過掛重上的橡膠管經由摩擦力效應拉動波浪發電機模型的旋轉輪，此刻旋轉輪的轉動與波浪的波高、週期產生連動效應，進而轉換擷取波浪能量，並利用此波浪發電方式，設計研發出『危險水域波浪警示燈』模型，且能在海中真實運作良好成功。

電風扇在炙熱的夏日中為冷器以外不可或缺的生活用品。一個典型的電風扇是由架在可調高度鐵柱上的馬達及風扇構成。現行傳統電風扇有幾個缺點，一、馬達風扇(即重心)位置高，有易傾覆的缺點。二、風力分散，風速不高。三、吹出不可調室溫溫度的風。四、外觀呆板，傳統無奇。五、多噪音等。本研究根據這幾點傳統電風扇缺點，試著設計新的電風扇。首先將柱子移除使重心降至接近地面處。接著根據連續方程式(continuity equationρ1A1V1 ＝ρ2A2V2)製作圓錐狀「號角」裝置套於電風扇上以集中風力並減少噪音。最後企圖使用熱電半導體的致冷器降低輸出風的溫度。研究結果發現號角裝置有效達到預期的集中風力增加範圍目的。不幸發現以熱電半導體降溫的方式效率低且耗損過多能量所以可行性較低。雖然沒有降溫功能，本電風扇仍較傳統電風扇多出許多好處，例如加強的安全性、集中的風和強大擴充性。號角裝置可包含空氣清淨甚至音箱功能充當喇叭。Electric fans are a necessity during summer, especially in a hot and humid place such as Taiwan. A typical electric fan is primarily composed of an electric motor with fans mounted on a strut with user adjustable elevations. This setup presents several problems, including (a) the danger of an accidental tip-over due to the fan's elevated weight center (the heavy motor), (b) high wind dispersal rates, (c) room temperature winds, (d) excessive noise and (e) old, antiquated exterior appearance. This particular study attempts to alleviate all these problems. First the weight center is lowered to ground level by removing the entire strut and placing the motor close to the floor. Next by using calculations from the continuity equation(continuity equationρ1A1V1 ＝ρ2A2V2)a cone shaped “horn” device is placed over the fan in order to concentrate the wind, effectively increasing its speed while decreasing the audible noise level. Finally, an attempt was made to lower the temperature of the air in the interior of the horn by the placement of a thermoelectric semi-conductor cooling device. Our results were that the horn device worked, significantly lowered the wind dispersal rate and achieved an important objective. However, the thermoelectric cooling solution proved to be highly inefficient unless accompanied by precise wind speeds. Even without the cooling function, this new electric fan still has many distinct advantages over traditional fans such as improved safety, concentrated winds and high expandability. For instance, filters can be integrated to purify air, even an audio speaker can be made into the form of this fan.

In this paper, we use telephone network to remote-control household appliances and monitor security system through the implementation of software and hardware. The purpose of developing this system is to build up a system that makes everyone take advantage of the telephones through pay phone network everywhere as and when he needs to set up the household appliances, meanwhile two-ways system of monitoring household security. In addition, due to the advances of communication technology and the remarkable boom of those products, the popularity of cell phones for local people is developing tremendously. We can link the portable cell phones up to the household appliances and monitoring household security through the offer network of communication companies. This system adopts public telephone network via multiple frequency to receive KT31 70 IC which is connected to EM78P45 i p Chip. And then the Chip is connected to the driving external circuit in order to control electric appliances, sensors on doors and windows. The utilization of LEPROM (93C66) memory to set up telephone and mobile phones number equips the telephone network with two-ways system of remote-controlling electric appliances and monitoring household security. In the part of controlling electric appliances, a monitor is used to display the status of electric appliances, to control the appliance switches and to set up the timer. In the part of monitoring household security, we use the system to receive the instant images of the house and to report on the closing or opening of doors and windows. The system will be informed on any occurrence of abnormalities. The memory of the system can record and update new data at any time and is able to set up twenty sets of telephone and mobile phone numbers. Besides, the system adopts identification codes to avoid malfunctioning and thus upgrade system reliability.本文旨在應用電話網路作遠端遙控家用電器及防盜保全歟控系統軟硬體之規劃與設計 。本系統研製的目的，是希望建立一套系統，讓每個人不管身置何處，都能利用電話透過公眾電話網路，輕易地控制家中的電器設備及進行環境設定，以達到控制家電及防盜保全之雙向監控系統。此外，由於通訊的進步與通訊產品的熱賣，使國月雍有手機的普遍性相當高，若能透過隨身攜帶的手機，經由通訊業者所提供的網路通訊管道，連結到家庭自動化與防盜保全系統亦可達到進行遠端遙控的目的，彌補出門在外無法使用室內電話的空檔。本系統利用公眾電話網路經複頻接收 IC ( KT3 170 ）連接至單晶片（ EM78P45 IP ) ，透過單晶片驅動外部電路與家中電器及門窗的監視感測器連接，再利用 EEPROM ( 93C66 ）記憶體設定電話及手機號碼，藉由電話網路傳輸，以達到控制家電及防盜保全之雙向監控系統。在家電控制部份，採用顯示器可隨時瞭解家電使用狀況及控制其開啟或關閉，且可設定使用時問。在防盜保全部份，可隨時監控家中門窗，若有異狀可即時通告。記憶體可隨時記錄或更新資料，並可設定二十組電話及手機號碼。此外，本系統採用確認碼設定，可防止產生誤動作，系統可靠性高。

Electrocardiograms are important medical devices used to monitor the cardiac activity of patients over a period of time. Designed to provide convenient monitoring of patients, although most useful, ECG’s however are expensive and usually not portable, limiting its availability and therefore usefulness. Taking advantage of current technological developments, the researchers developed an ECG System with Androidâ„¢ smartphone based monitor, and Bluebeat© ECG Front circuit based electrodes. The system is divided into two, software and hardware interface. The developed software interface code used an Android based Java language which displays the converted ADC values in the LCD. Saving and user friendly features were also included in the smartphone. The hardware interface is composed of the ECG front and the Data Acquisition Module. The ECG front contains the filters and amplifiers that will receive the human cardiac signal. The DAT Module will then receive it with its Gizduino (Arduinoâ„¢ clone) microcontroller which converts the analog signals into ADC values, and finally sends it to the smartphone using Bluetooth© wireless communication. The first phase of data gathering used signal generator and indicates the system’s accuracy and speed. The second phase testing of the study meanwhile utilizes the ECG front to get actual cardiac signals from human. This phase has already been done, though it still needs more polishing and further trials. For the final testing, nine patients of varying ages and cardiac health status will be taken with ECG readings, three replicates from the developed ECG system, and one from an actual ECG device. Using cardiologists’ and patients’ feedback, the user friendliness and accuracy of the ECG-system will be confirmed, and further modifications shall be made. Lastly, the overall cost of producing the ECG system shall be compared to the price of an ECG device, to see if the developed system is indeed cheaper. However, it is ensured that the system is far more portable than its bulkier ancestors. Once the project is fully finished, the accuracy, replicability and usefulness of the system shall be confirmed using F-test.

由於一氧化碳之毒性氣體無色無味且不易發現，對我們的生活造成嚴重的威脅，本作品建構出一套可發布警報、能在極短的時間轉化一氧化碳的毒氣淨化器，也進而說明其獨特性與前瞻性。 \r 本研究的核心，在於室溫下能啟動金觸媒的轉化機制，亦針對平常少被討論、以含浸法製作的金觸媒加以分析和提升，發現利用NH4OH 鹼溶液處理方式並以573K 的O2?燒處理活化觸媒，能有效提升1%Au/Al2O3觸媒對CO+O2的反應活性。使用相同製備方式在Au/TiO2觸媒上於250K 即可達到100％的CO 轉化率。創造一個簡易的流程來製備高活性的觸媒，其作用活性的範圍溫度也相當廣。 \r 本淨化器在實驗中的運作狀況下，能完全轉換一氧化碳含量至低於中毒安全標準內，本系統還設計一道封閉閘門，有利於金觸媒的活性封存。 \r 本作品具有較低成本的觸媒量產流程與材料，觸媒本身也可回收後再活化，此能更符合觸媒市場需要；機體器材替換容易、安全性高等能有效避免中毒意外的發生。

The Project applicant proposes to develop fahaheel Beach by constructing a mall. This mall will be incipience and unique in Kuwait. The mall is divided to three parts; first part includes shops, Reception, Entertainment areas (cinema, beauty center, gymnasiums), Second part involved a food court for customers who want to stay for long time in the mall., Last part includes outdoor playgrounds, and out door game courts(tennis, foot ball, hand ball, basket ball), out door coffee shop. The intended goal of this project is to provide high quality, cost-effective, unique experiment of shopping and fishing services in accordance with global standards of excellence. Work. The Main task of the preliminary design phase was to balance the equation of any investment commercial project which is to provide a design that serves as an attraction spot for investors, shoppers and visitors. The design of this mall was based on the latest technology and techniques which helped in achieving the desired concept. It has been designed using the highest standards and finest finishing material whether internally or externally. The fine quality of material and high solar performance glass will help in minimizing the electrical load by decreasing the air conditioning load required. All material has been chosen to suit the image and quality to be resembled in the mall and the tower will turn out to be a master piece that has utilized newly introduced up to date building technical installation. The mall will provide a full service of shopping and entertainment facility covering over10,500sq.meter op space within this space are dedicated areas for fitness health, recreation, spa social, dining, entertainment, childcare and beach.

Objective To design build and run 5 Mouse mobiles – vehicles which use mousetraps as their only source of energy. Targets- • Go up a ramp • Raise a flag • Hit something and set it free • Deliver something • Catapult Details These mouse mobiles are original creations which include some commercially produced parts. They are powered by single spring driven standard wooden mousetraps. They are 5 in number each being used for the respective tasks. Basic structure Each mousetrap consists of a 2 parallel wooden planks which has 2 holes drilled on either sides for the rear and front axles. A rod is used as the axle and CD disks are used as wheels. The mousetrap is attached to the planks. Movement and Locomotion To move the mouse mobile a string is connected to the rear axle. The string runs through 2 pulleys which change the direction of the applied force and are attached to the hammer of the spring. When the vehicle is pulled backwards on the floor tension is created in the string (as the hammer is stretched) which gets stored in the form of spring energy. When the wheels are released on the floor the rear axle starts rotating hence propelling the mouse mobile forward. Completion of objectives 1) To go up a ramp For the required task a high amount of torque would be needed .That will be sufficiently provided by the spring energy. 2) Raise a flag For the required task a rod is placed on the wooden platform. The flag is placed at the bottom of the rod; it is connected to the hammer of the mousetrap using a string. The spring and the rod are placed in the opposite directions. When the hammer is released after being stretched it pulls the string and raises the flag. 3) Deliver something For the required task 2 mouse mobiles are used. A platform of any hard and light material is attached to the rear of a mouse mobile. After reaching the desired location, when the hammer of the primary spring is fully relaxed it hits the catch of another stationary mouse mobile. The hammer of the respective catch is connected to the platform using a string. Upon activation the hammer is released, the platform is pulled with extremely high speed and the materials on the platform, due to their moment of inertia fall down. 4) Hit something and set it free. For the required task 2 mouse mobiles are used. A small mousetrap is attached to the front of the mouse mobile which is in contact to the required object. The other mouse mobile on reaching the above vehicle hits its catch using its hammer. The hammer of the stationary mouse mobile is released and the object is hit and set free. 5) Catapult For the required task 2 mouse mobiles are used. A mousetrap is attached to the front of stationary mouse mobile which is attached to a strainer and the object to be catapulted is placed inside it .Another mouse mobile approaches is and hits the catch hence activating the hammer and the object is catapulted.