全國中小學科展

依國際科展年度查詢

2002年

親愛的,我把汽油”變硬”了!

汽油給人的第一印象想必就是危險易燃,並且很容易揮發,在運輸及保存上有許多缺點,最簡單來說,汽油的高揮發性造成能源的散失、汽油的易燃性則造成了許多意外。而萌生研究製成汽油固態燃料的念頭。

日長處理對大豆蛋白質合成的影響

日照影響花芽分化及生長試植物生理學上的重要課題,根據相關文獻指出,蛋白質類型的變化是影響開化的重要關鍵,大豆是短日照植物,分別以長日照(LD18hr/DAY)和短日照(SD6hr/DAY)處理,抽取葉片中的蛋白質以SDS-PAGE.2D-SDS-PAGE分析,SDS-PAGE的實驗姐果顯示出在分子量25.2 32.9 38.6 20.6 64.0 100.6 kDa處中的蛋白質SD比LD的量多,但是在分子量16.8kDa以下的蛋白質LD含有高濃度而自SD只有一點,我們使用2D-SDS-PAGE做進一步的分析,SD與LD分為三個區塊討論(SD1-3 LD1-3)有許多蛋白自LD1.LD3出現,但在SD1 SD3中未出現,可能有抑制花芽分化的作用,而在SD2中有多個高濃度蛋白出現,可能在花芽分化上扮演重角色,其中編號P1 P2的蛋白質有較明顯的變化,根據NCBI網站上的資料顯示,P1蛋白質與光敏素C有關,而P2蛋白質則沒有找到分子量等電點類似的蛋白質;The effects of photoeriod on floral initation and develoment is an imporant phyiological subject and have studed ve he past 70 years. Accrding to the reference, polypeptide partten plays an important rolein photoperiodic induction. Soybean s a SD(short day)plant. So we planted them with 6-h(short day,SD)and 18-h(long day,LD)photoperiods. Total proteins n leaves of soyban were extracted from the vegetable,SD and LD. And using SDS-PAGE and 2-D eloctrophoresis to analyze. 25.2,32.9,38.6,50.6,64.0,and 100.6kDa polypeptides in SDS-PAGE were always present in leavess at SD but only a little bands f the polypeptides appeared at LD. And many polypeptides whose molecular weight(Mw)is below 16.8 kDa had higher concentration at LD ad Reduced at SD. We found three different areas(SD1~3,LD1~3) and analyze them. Many proteins were found n LD1,LD3 and reduced in SD2,SD5. Possibly, these polypeptides found in LD1 and LD3 play an important role in restraining floral iniiation in soybean. Many proeins had more concentration in SD2. Probably, they play an important role in photoperiodic induction and floral initiation. We found a protein labeled P1 in SD2 and it is with molecular weight(Mw) of 36kDa at isoelectric point(pI) of5.2, and it may be related to cytochromeC. We also found protein labeled P2 in SD2 and it is with molecular weight(Mw) of 40.2kDa at isoelectric point(pI)of 5.4, and we couldn't find any protein that has the similary Mw and pI in potein database about flowering and daylength.

淨化我們喝的水-經濟方便的再生過濾器雛型

近年來由於土地過度開發,經常發生土石流,使得自來水廠進水混濁度太高,過濾設施無法正常運作,本實驗裝置可以利用氣昇?和重力作用,來清洗濾層中殘留物物比重較大的雜質,而且濾砂含自動控制昇?還可以重覆使用,如此便能先處理河川中大量的河水。整個過濾器主要分三個部分;(1)下端進水處理處為高比重的雜質重力沉澱處。(2)圓錐狀的濾層以利於自動清洗時砂層的循環。(3)自動清洗監控部分。濾砂清洗的影響因子為濾層厚度的重力、氣昇?壓力含進水量三者交互作用。濾砂以硬度大的石英砂最佳,濾層高度為25cm,平均進水量0.23升/秒,為最佳處理狀態可獲得原水78.5%的乾淨濾液。Debris flow occurs frequently due to the over-development of watershed recently. The water used as the input of water treatment factory is too turbid to be filtered by the traditional facilities. In this study on experimental apparatus was designed to remove the high density particles or suspended impurities. This apparatus can be used as a pretreatment apparatus of filtering factory. There are three main parts in own apparatus: (1) The precipitation one which is the site for precipitating of high specific gravity impurities (2) Cone shape filter layers which allows for cycle cleaning the sand layers (3) The automatic monitoring apparatus. The effet of water flow rate, air pressure, gravity and the height of filter layer on the performance of the experiment were discussed in this study. Experimental results showed that in the study, the height of filter layers is 25 cm, and the average water volume flow rate is 0.23 liter/sec. The apparatus can achieve a 78.5% leaner filtrate from the original water sample.

實驗探討液體表面交叉波的一些性質

交叉波( cross wave )為波峰和振源表面垂直的波,移動方向和振源表面平行,它是以表面張力為恢復力的表面張力波( capillary wave)的一種。

應用垂直循環層流淨化水質之研究

The results of the thermal diffusion experimental show that the separation efficient\r increases with increasing ΔT, but decreases with increasing Q at C0 constant. When\r Q is kept constant, the efficient of change ΔT are small, and the maximum at C0 about\r 545 mg/L. The purification efficient of raw water for thermal diffusion is low.\r And it is high energy consumption, difficult operation, and high costs. So the potential\r of the application is low. Therefore, the vertical circulatory laminar flow apparatus\r was developed in this study. And the separation equation of this apparatus was also\r set up. The results of vertical circulatory laminar flow experimental show that\r the efficient increase with increasing V, and the optimum conditions are at about\r Q= 1.05 L/min, C0=800±50 mg/L, and V=26 cm/min. The separation efficient of the\r vertical circulatory laminar flow apparatus is higher than thermal diffusion apparatus.\r And its energy consumption and costs are low, and easy to operate. Since all interior\r moveable plates have two operation sides, so the multiple channel apparatus is application.\r Therefore, the multiple channel apparatus can treat large amount raw water and has\r low costs. The efficient of the experimental all are better than the theoretical\r values that may due to: (1)the assumed partical diameter is too small,(2)the flow\r is not real laminar flow, and (3)the end-side effect is not considerate. \r 熱擴散實驗結果顯示在固定C0下,分離成效隨ΔT增加而增高,但隨進料流率增加而降低。在固定ΔT下,分離效率亦隨進料流率增加而降低。固定進料流率下,增加ΔT對分離效果的影響不大,以C0=545±10\r mg/L時,顯現出最佳成效。採用熱擴散裝置雖對降低原水中之懸浮微粒含量效果有限,且能源需求高,造成高成本和操作複雜,不具實用潛力。為提高分離原水微粒之成率,以及簡化操作與降低成本,本研究開發垂直旋轉帶裝置來製造出上下循環水流,並導出水流與微粒於其中之流速分布式,以及頂部、底部出口之微粒濃度計算式。垂直循環轉帶實驗結果,顯示提高V值有助於降低Ct/Cb比值;Q=\r 1.05 L/min左右、C0=800±50 mg/L下與V在26 cm/min左右,均有較低之Ct/Cb比值。垂直旋轉帶裝置分離成效明顯優於熱擴散裝置,且設備簡單、能源需求低與操作容易。由於旋轉帶之兩面均可以做為移動平板,因此不僅可以用來處理大量之高濁度原水,也能更具經濟效益。由理論與實驗結果之比較,顯示理論成效較實驗差,探討其原因可能是:(1)平均粒徑之假設值偏低、(2)流場並非全然以層流流動、(3)兩端終端效應未加考慮等。

形?與形外

在這篇研究報告中,我用了三種觀點來推廣幾何中的反演變換,首先,把反演變換視為是一種圓內與圓外的一種1-1且onto的映射,第一種推廣,是將變換中心移到視圓心以外的圓內的地方,馬上我們得到一個結論「反演半徑會隨著動點而改變」,接著,我們實驗了一下反演變換用有的一些性質,保角性,保圓性,…等在這個變換視中是否依然存在;接著我們用第二種方法來推廣反演變換,我們將邊界的形狀由圓視改成別的形狀(如三角形,四邊形…等等),然後也試試看在這種變換之下是否還擁視有反演變換的一些性質;第三種推廣,則是在研究的過程中,我發現了一種新的幾視變換,承接第一種推廣,我們將原先為定點的變換中心改為動點,將原先的動點改為定點,做出來的一種新變換。In the study, a new geometric Inversive transformation through three points is discovered. Here is the main result:(1)The first, onto cycle of inside and outside can be proved under invasive transformation. It is changed moving the center from center of cycle, we can get a new ” Inversive radius can be changed by moving drop. (2) We hope to find the answer to this problem by experiment, it is exist with the inversive properties. (3) A new geometric transformation is discovered, a fixed drop can be changed moving drop, then the first moving drop shifted the fixed drop. This leads to a new construction if the new transformation.

滾球之謎

在一次課外進行的示範實驗中,化學老師用玻棒將KNO3的飽和溶液塗在白紙上上,以吹風機把水吹乾後,以線香去點塗過KNO3的地方,會發現火星會沿著塗過KNO3的軌跡燃燒,示範後,我們實際操作,發現KCIO3也有這種特質,於是有人嘗試以KNO3加上KCIO3的溶液進行實驗,意外的發現在實驗進行時,軌跡之前端會出現小小的球(爆燃),邊滾邊燒,且球中有一些氣體,為得知這是什麼,於是設計,進行以下的實驗。

Parallelize it! 運算分享與系統自我校調

The research is about the optimal on parallel processing. Through boot disk – which will automatically finish booting configuration, .it is efficient and quick to build high performance PC clusters. The advantage of parallel computing could be applied to massive image processing. By sharing processing and breaking huge processing load into lots of pieces, we could get more efficient result. It is also possible to optimal parallel system through some special means such as dynamic configuration. Through the means, the system could distribute work loading itself. It could also adjust itself to get the highest performance and the most stable environment. 本研究之目的在於探討平行處理中的計算資源的最佳化,透過自動完成開機設定的Boot Disk 來有效快速建製出高效率的PC Clusters 環境,並透過動態配置與類神經網路的校調,使整體叢集的運算能自動調整至最佳化。平行處理優勢,可以應用在耗費極大量的運算資源的影像處理上。透過運算資源分享,可以以很高的效率將極為龐大的運算工作分散成許多較小的程序,使影像處理速度加快。經由平行演算法及實際應用的調整,可對已成形之平行系統作效能上的加強。使用類神經網路的方式訓練,使其系統能夠自我分配運算工作量,且隨著各平行化程式與各節點的不同,能自我校調至最佳化,達到高效率且穩定的運算環境。\r 本研究透過高效率且能自我調校的運算環境,可用於優化其本身結構,以達到\r 演化出更進一步系統,具有相當大的發展潛力。

材料新國界-介電陶瓷之電容器

本研究以高頻阻抗分析儀,針對自製的電容器,以不同比率的三氧化二鐵加二氧化矽混合後所製成的電容器,對頻率、電容直及正切損耗能量直從事研究。實驗結果發現,在低頻率直到60Hz以內,其 Cp及D值變化非常大,明顯的下降,60Hz到1000Hz Cp及D值變化很小。由參考資料中電容器中的損失因數是介電材料是否適合於絕緣材料用途之最基本的準則,一般均希望具有低介電率。即使在最小的空間內也希望有高電容值,如電視、收音機中在介電材料的高頻應用。是故我們所製作的電容器以二氧化矽添加三氧化二鐵後高頻值其Cp值、D值較小,是適合於高頻需求的應用上。We report on the study of high frequency dielectric spetra. On the capacitance, it is made by mnyself. At various mixed ratio value of Fe?O? pius Sio?. In order to understand the frequency capacitance value Cp and tangent loss energy analysis D. The results of our work provide a large of low frequency in o Hz TO 60 Hz in Cp and D. It is obviously descend a small various frequence is 60 Hz to 1000Hz. From reference, we know capacitance energy loss factor is a purpose of suitable an insulator rule. In dielectric constant. We hope a low dielectric value and high capacitance. Even it is a small distance. For example TV. Radio. Etc. it is used to high frequency. So we made a capacitance in difference of Fe?o? pius Sio?. To provide the Cp and D. the value is small. So it can be used in high frequence demand.

聚對位苯基乙烯高分子發光二極體性能研究

高分子發光二極體為導電高分子之熱門研究課題,因其有低成本、製程簡易、可大面積化之優點為無機高分子發光二極體所缺乏,所以受到學術界與工業界之注目。由於高分子發光二極體其有廣視角、高答應速度、低驅動電壓、可製成撓曲式元件等特質,極具成為下一世代顯示器之潛力。高分子聚苯胺為高分子發光材料中,具有低驅動電壓與高發光效率之優點,故本研究將之選為電洞傳遞層材料。但唯一缺點就是不易溶於溶劑中,所以在實驗驗中有安排質子酸摻雜的步驟,就是為了要改變高分子的電性、磁性、光學性質或結構,同時導電度也隨之增加。本研究以ITO基板改質及無電極電鍍為研究主軸,以此來增加其之性能。改質ITO基板目的,是希望使得ITO陽極表面平坦化且可促使電洞注入,進而增加發光層材料附著力與阻隔電子直接導入陽極之特性,故可增加元件之發光亮度。而使用無電極電鍍法,因為其不須通電就能進行電鍍的反應,行成的薄膜也很均勻。所以採用無電極電鍍法,來完成電鍍的步驟。The polymer light emitting diodes is one of the most important study projects in the field of the conducting polymer due to the low production costs、 simple production process、great surface products that the organic light emitting diodes can not achieved. The purpose of this study is try to utilize the polyaniline as the electric hole transfer layer, and the MEH-PPV as the light emitting layer. The disadvantages of the polyaniline are the low solubility in solvents that was improved by doping proton acids. The performance of the indium-tin oxide was improved by the self-assembling method that made the surface of the ITO became more smooth to help the electric hole injection of electrions. And the aluminum cathode was produced by the electrode less plating.