The Solution to Global Water Pollution?
The waters of the Benguela, the Atlantic Ocean off South Western African shorelines, are amongst the most productive in the world, supporting prolific marine life. However despite the abundance of animals, survival in this marine ecosystem is not always easy. Oxygen-deficient bottom water, often containing toxic hydrogen sulphide, is a feature of the northern Benguela coastal upwelling system. Here, superfluous cells from excess phytoplankton production, decay and sink to the bottom to form the oozy diatomaceous mud belt sediment off the Namibian coastline. Within this diatomaceous mud further intensified decay takes place to form toxic hydrogen sulphide in the sediment. Sporadically large amounts of the hydrogen sulphide are released into the water column, causing the deadly annual "sulphur" events, as they are locally known in Namibia, to take place. Sulphur eruptions result in the deaths of thousands of marine animals. This marine system off the Namibian coast, with its harsh natural conditions of hydrogen sulphide and low oxygen, is similar to an ecosystem suffering intensive marine pollution. These natural conditions of the Benguelan waters are closely related to the conditions of many coastal areas suffering from the global marine pollution problem, created by man all over the world, through the discharge and disposal of wastes, such as nitrate fertilisers, sewage and biological decay material. A specialsed group of bacteria known as sulphur bacteria occur within the sulphidic conditions of the sediments. Sulphur bacteria actually use some of the produced toxic hydrogen sulphide in the sediments, converting it to harmless elemental sulphur micro granules in their cytoplasm. Where no other life occurs, due to the harsh conditions unfriendly to most marine lifr, sulphur bacteria thrive. Sulphur bacteria control and decrease the amount of hydrogen sulphide, which goes from the sediment into the water, through their complex metabolic systems. The biggest and most effective sulphur bacteria, only found off the Namibian coast, were dubbed Thiomargarita namibiensis. Thio means sulphur and namibiensis refers to its occurrence in Namibia. This giant sulphur-eating microbe is the earth's biggest known bacterium, visible to the naked eye. I conclude with a personal hypothesis to suggest a solution to global water pollution by utilising this magnificent bacterium. Through bacterial cultivation and processing Thiomargarita namibiensis could be employed in tacking extent of global marine pollution. The bacteria use toxic hydrogen sulphide as "fuel" for their metabolism and nitrate as an oxidizing agent, to produce harmless sulphur granules. This explains the bacteria's effectivity in removing nitrate and hydrogen sulphide wastes, the forms most biological wastes eventually occur in, from the water. This spectacular process, as it occurs within these magnificent "sulphur pearl strings", could be the sensational answer to the regeneration of polluted marine waters on a worldwide scale. This absolutely natural treatment of the water would not bear any harmful consequences such as those artificial treatment leaves behind. Sewage treatment or denitrifying treatments applied by man on polluted water leaves chemical discharge and damage to affected ecosystems. Especially Thiomargarita could be used in the regeneration of rural and urban waters (should those survive in fresh water)and sewage schemes as well as most marine waters, due to its high effectivity in removing hydrogen sulphide from affected water. It is not the solution to global water pollution to fight chemicals with chemicals. Nature has provided an excellent and valuable resource that could enable absolute natural recovery within polluted marine ecosystems. We should dedicate ourselves towards such magnificent discoveries and help nature help itself. Research on these Sulphur bacteria(especially Thiomargarita namibiensis)is very recent and ongoing. I recently enjoyed the privilege of a 24 hour marine research ship cruise off the Namibian coast with marine biologists from the Namibian Ministry for Fisheries and Marine Resources, to obtain mud cores holding Thiomargarita namibiensis bacteria. Several chemical tests are done and biological reactions are studied to collect the necessary data concerning Thiomargarita namibiensis. The discovery of Thiomargarita namibiensis awoke worldwide scientific excitement and interest. Its application to solve the problem of global water pollution would be a spectacular scientific breakthrough for the human race.
記憶學習機
一般學生對於學校課程學習的負擔，再加上對本身的自信心不足，往往導致學生自己所「背」的東西不是十分確信是否有真正記進腦中，也常常困擾著他們。因此，引發本小組想設計一個可以自我評測且可以立即得到成績的輔助學習機;在研究過程中，本小組設計記憶學習機不但可以做到使用者自我評測的功能，還可以讓使用者馬上得到檢測的結果並且使用者可以回顧先前成績欄紀錄;記憶學習機經過本小組組員的辛苦孕育下誕生，本小組便拿著「它」讓班上同學認識，雖然「它」不是同學心中的最佳主角，但是同學卻一致認定「它」是『最佳伴讀夥伴』。本作品主要功能有:1．能調整使用者所要求的測試時問。2．該作品能記憶此次測試成績，以便和下次相互比較。3．依使用者的需求選擇中文、英文、數字及遊戲模式做記憶訓練。4．能有立即性的成效及回饋。 Due to the pressure of courses and lack of confidence, many students are often not sure of what they have recited on a lesson previously, which in turn always disturbs and cut down learning confidence of students. To eradicate the obstacles they encounter, we decide to research into this topic. A memory-based learning-aided machine is designed for students to self-evaluate themselves and to get the feedback at once. In the process of development, the memory-based learning-aided machine not only lets users practice the exercise of their own, but also is able to derive the outcomes immediately and retrieve the previous records effectively and efficiently. We strive to make this learning-aided machine at its best performance as possible as we can. Besides, the memory-based learning-aided machine provides the alternatives for the users to answer the question in a way that they like. For example, users can answer questions in English mode, can choose the limit time into test themselves in a time. In addition, the system can expand its material by inputting data into the knowledge base. By our group members' lasting efforts, the learning-aided machine was created, finally. According to the result of experiment that we applied to the classmates, we conclude that the memory-based learning-aided machine is the best assistant and learning partner for the students. We would like to introduce it to classmates and hope they will be interested in using it to enhance their learning motivation and performance.
台灣桃園縣虎頭山的泥裂痕的分析和研究
桃園虎頭山是位於林口台地南端的低海拔(約240~260M)丘陵地,表土層屬於紅土層,紅土主要成分為細沙(直徑>50μm，約佔50%)、粉沙(直徑2~50μm，約佔30%),其餘以黏土為主,加上少量含鐵礦物,採樣地點字圖二中的三聖宮旁的登山步道,其坡面面向東南方,對位處北緯25度的桃園屬於向陽波,經日曬適當時間後所產生的龜裂現象,是我們探討的對象;We have focused the study on the sun cracks found in the Mts.Hu-To are located in the southern part of the Mesa Lin Kou, which are 240m to 260m above the sea level. Mainly red clay, the surface soil is a composition of fine sand(diameter>50μm,up to50%)and silt(diameter>2~5 μm,up to 30%),including clay and a limited amount of iron minerals. The soil sample was gathered at the trail beneath the Hil Gue-Lun(241m,see pic.1)from the southeastern latitudes.
形?與形外
在這篇研究報告中,我用了三種觀點來推廣幾何中的反演變換,首先,把反演變換視為是一種圓內與圓外的一種1-1且onto的映射,第一種推廣,是將變換中心移到視圓心以外的圓內的地方,馬上我們得到一個結論「反演半徑會隨著動點而改變」,接著,我們實驗了一下反演變換用有的一些性質,保角性,保圓性,…等在這個變換視中是否依然存在;接著我們用第二種方法來推廣反演變換,我們將邊界的形狀由圓視改成別的形狀(如三角形,四邊形…等等),然後也試試看在這種變換之下是否還擁視有反演變換的一些性質;第三種推廣,則是在研究的過程中,我發現了一種新的幾視變換,承接第一種推廣,我們將原先為定點的變換中心改為動點,將原先的動點改為定點,做出來的一種新變換。In the study, a new geometric Inversive transformation through three points is discovered. Here is the main result：（1）The first, onto cycle of inside and outside can be proved under invasive transformation. It is changed moving the center from center of cycle, we can get a new ” Inversive radius can be changed by moving drop. (2) We hope to find the answer to this problem by experiment, it is exist with the inversive properties. (3) A new geometric transformation is discovered, a fixed drop can be changed moving drop, then the first moving drop shifted the fixed drop. This leads to a new construction if the new transformation.
Automatic Sterilization System for Operating Rooms?
The ASSOR is a device that allow to perform the sterilization function in hospital areas, the most important sectors of the hospital where it is required to implement this type of systems are the operating rooms, intensive cares, baby care, pathology, etc. The principle of the present project is a system that enables or either disables a valve that allows the fluid of the product, antiseptic or sterilizing, inside the room to be sterilized. The main application of this system is, after the manual cleansing of the room, in a control board, the procedure is turned on. The ASSOR consists, in general, of an electro valve that controls the fluid of the antiseptic into the room, a fan system, the electronic control circuit for the application of the product and electronic circuit to have a synchronized control of the system, and finally the product application in the target room.