2025年

柴油汙染已然造成嚴重的生態危機，我們藉由微生物快速生長與代謝有機物的特性，結合MFC解決油汙。將自製PVB-TiO2海綿加入MFC陽極反應室中，在兩側添加釹磁鐵形成外加磁場。為提升MFC代謝柴油效能，我們探討MFC電極種類、PVB-TiO2海綿的TiO2添加濃度、磁鐵數量與方向等參數。結果顯示，添加PVB-TiO2海綿(12 g/L)及外加相斥兩顆磁場，對COD降解率、平均輸出電壓、VFA代謝產量與柴油降解率，較未添加組有最顯著提升。分別達成COD降解率增為1.4倍、平均輸出電壓增為1.8倍、柴油降解率增為2.0倍之效果。預期本實驗未來能對柴油汙染提供解方，降低柴油洩漏對環境的衝擊。

抗癌藥物的研究一直受到重視，吲哚(indole)衍生物可助抵擋自由基，而二吲哚(Di-indole)衍生物已成為抗癌劑。鈣離子/鈣調蛋白依賴性蛋白激酶 (Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II，CaMKII)之抑制劑為癌症標靶藥物重要研究方向之一，抑制CaMKII可降低各種癌細胞增殖和存活，但目前尚無CaMKII抑制劑藥物。本研究以三吲哚為主架構，發展衍生物作為CaMKII抑制劑，期望可應用於抗癌劑。電腦軟體Discovery Studio2016模擬各種三吲哚衍生物分子模型與CaMKII α(PDB: 2VZ6)之結合能，選出結合能較大之化合物3，並延伸結構/活性(SAR)最佳化，進行一系列高效率藥物合成純化工作。經由送測生物細胞活性，其中先導化合物(lead compound) 3-1對癌細胞之毒性高且對CaMKIIα的抑制效果佳，符合癌症治療上的需求，將繼續最佳化此結構，並進行細胞訊號傳送途徑及動物實驗。

本作品由2023年IMO的第五題出發，希望探索在忍者通道中的其他性質，首先思考改變每排中放入的球數並觀察規律，進而推廣到三維圓圈塔中的性質，最後使用hyper-cube(超立方體)的情況進行一般化的推廣與構造的優化，完成最小值問題的求解，另外也對於特例部分探索解的總數。

本研究主要以磁懸浮為主題，嘗試利用單顆磁鐵及銅板組成的系統使銅板上方的磁鐵得以懸浮 ，並觀察分析其懸浮狀況與上方磁鐵的姿態。過程中量測了銅板對磁鐵造成的阻力以及下方磁鐵連接在轉盤旋轉時銅板上方的磁場大小與各種參數的關係。本研究主要針對轉盤轉速及銅板厚度作為變因，量測分析了在不同參數組合之下上方磁鐵的移動半徑、傾斜角度、面向方向以及其懸浮狀況。由於目前技術尚未突破至能使上方磁鐵穩定懸浮，因此定義了懸浮係數以說明磁鐵懸浮狀況。最後求出了銅板造成的阻力與磁鐵本身移動速度以及銅板厚度的關係式、磁場強度與轉盤中心距離與銅板厚度或轉速的關係、並以相圖描述了不同參數之下上方磁鐵的懸浮狀況。

硫磺菇（Laetiporus sulphureus）和桑黃菇（Sanghuangporus sanghuang）是東亞，特別是台灣森林中的兩種真菌。這些真菌的次級代謝物，特別是多醣，具有抗炎和抗癌的生物效應；其地面子實體長期被當地人作為傳統藥物使用。然而，這些藥用特性及其機制尚未充分研究。本研究旨在分析和量化這些真菌多醣的抗炎效果。從硫磺菇中提取硫酸化多醣，從桑黃菇中提取非硫酸化多醣，並使用水和乙醇進行多步純化。隨後，將純化後的產品餵給巨噬細胞進行體外測試以檢查其抗炎性。硫酸化多醣的最佳濃度為150 ppm，能夠最大程度地降低自由基濃度21.6%，且不影響細胞活力。相比之下，桑黃菇的所有多醣濃度均顯示出增強的細胞炎症，顯示其作為藥物無效，因為沒有去除真菌毒素。相比之下，硫磺菇的硫酸化多醣顯示出其藥用潛力，對生物醫學和生物探索領域具有新啟示。

本研究目標在建構可以識譜及吹奏中國笛的吹笛機器人。中國笛演奏必須協調吹法及指法；藉由控制吹氣流速、吹嘴角度及六指按壓音孔的變化來控制音高以完美地吹奏樂曲，是一項複雜的演奏技術。機器人以模擬吹笛口型的吹嘴，搭配兩個風箱往復送氣到一個壓力調節風箱送氣，以微控制板控制六個機械手指來蓋放完成演奏，為在音尾可確實止氣，設計一個風門，利用風門開闔也可模仿吐音技巧讓笛聲明確發音。辨識樂譜方面收集樂譜樣本，樣本分成譜線、音符、節奏三套，透過多任務學習MTL的深度學習架構進行訓練，建構可以辨識五線四間上下三線及全音符到16分音符及休止符的樂譜辨識模型。經測試若樂譜在符合音域範圍內，可以完整的辨識，轉換成音符資料傳送給吹笛機器人吹奏。

An exploration of Pachyrhizus erosus as an option for plant-based milk in the 印尼n market for people with lactose intolerance. With its prevalence in tropical climates, Pachyrhizus erosus is an affordable crop in 印尼. Pachyrhizus erosus is a root vegetable containing a calcium content of 15.6 mg per cup (130g) in its unprocessed form, concentrated in its white flesh. Based on its affordability and calcium content, Pachyrhizus erosus can be transformed into a beverage product with nutritional qualities on par with existing plant-based milk, therefore being a solution for calcium sustenance that is more accessible due to its high capability to be locally grown in 印尼. However, this may be a partial case as Pachyrhizus erosus only thrives in regions with long warm seasons. In this research, three trials of Pachyrhizus erosus-based milk recipe have been conducted Trial 1 consists of a 1:1 ratio of Pachyrhizus erosus to water, Trial 2 consists of a 2:1 ratio of Pachyrhizus erosus to water, and Trial 3 consisting of a 10:10:1 ratio of Pachyrhizus erosus to water, and to a small amount of soybean. Based on the results of 14 organoleptic test respondents, it is concluded that the best ratio of ingredients is 10:10:1 (water: Pachyrhizus erosus: soybean) due to an overall preference of the third trial with this ratio, in terms of taste, aroma, color, and consistency. Pachyrhizus erosus is the dominant ingredient in developing alternate plant-based milk. However, findings from the most preferred trial in the organoleptic test suggest that implementing a minor amount of soybean would stabilize the milk-like consistency and flavor. Pachyrhizus erosus’ ability to retain calcium in its water content has been additionally proven in a calcium test using a reagent solution of ammonium oxalate, as even with the trials’ step of straining the liquid content of Pachyrhizus erosus that had been blended with added water, all three trials tested positive based on the high level of the precipitate. Other tests that tackle the quality of each trial include In Silico Testing, biuret protein test, alcohol test, COB test, and pH level testing.

羽毛廢棄物是畜產類廢棄物排名第二大宗，為了提高廢棄羽毛的實用價值與效益，我們利用啤酒酵母菌進行雞羽毛分解。經啤酒酵母分解一個月後的雞毛液肥，含有胺基酸濃度約為0.17 M，是市售肥組的5.67倍。以雞毛液肥灌溉高經濟價值的彩椒及福山萵苣，彩椒果實總質量比市售肥組高出84.6%，果實中含有葡萄糖濃度為23.8%，比市售肥組多出49.7%。碘量法的抗氧化能力試驗中，發現雞毛液肥灌溉的彩椒抗氧化能力比市售肥組高出91.3 %。清除DPPH自由基的能力實驗中，雞毛液肥組的彩椒果實汁液清除自由基能力約是市售肥組的2.82倍。雞毛液肥灌溉的福山萵苣的葉片總質量比市售肥組多出116.2%。可以發現啤酒酵母分解的雞毛液肥，確實可取代市售肥料，當作彩椒及福山萵苣的養分。希望藉此研究能將廢棄雞毛再利用，減少環境負擔，讓農業永續發展。

In photodynamic therapy (PDT), reactive oxygen species are generated within the cytoplasm to destroy cancer cells selectively. Using porphyrinic structures (PS) as photosensitizers holds promise for targeting cancer cells. However, direct incorporation of the porphyrins into cancer cells remains elusive. Hence, Dr. Martina Vermathen’s research introduced specific membranous phospholipid nanocarriers for topical porphyrin applications. However, since a sufficiently high enough concentration of PS in cancer cells has not yet been achieved, this study aimed to improve skin uptake of the nanocarriers. Two approaches were examined: (1) comparing polar and nonpolar porphyrins and (2) assessing the effect of a penetration enhancer, DMSO, through a neat and diluted application. The polarity of the porphyrins was first quantified with a log P test. The nanocarriers were assembled by incorporating two different PS compounds, either the mono- or tetra-4-carboxy substituted phenyl porphyrin. They were then characterized by 1D and 2D-NMR analysis. The porphyrin permeation was tested by Franz diffusion tests on pig ear skin. For the second approach, DMSO was added in the Franz diffusion test, either directly applied on the skin (“neat“) or diluted in the nanocarriers (“diluted”). The log P test for the mono- and the tetra-carboxyphenyl porphyrin resulted in values of 4.5 and -1.1, respectively. The more polar tetra-carboxyphenyl porphyrin exhibited 2.8 times better skin uptake compared to the mono-carboxyphenyl porphyrin. The neat DMSO application increased uptake by a factor of 5.5. The diluted DMSO application worsened skin uptake slightly. Analytical techniques revealed differences in porphyrin encapsulation: The mono-carboxyphenyl porphyrins were encapsulated in the centre, whereas tetra-carboxyphenyl porphyrins were localised around the nanocarriers. Results indicated potential instability of the nanocarriers. The more polar tetra-substituted porphyrins showed superior skin diffusion than the mono-substituted derivative. The neat DMSO application facilitated enhanced skin uptake by inducing membrane destabilization and pore formation but may have limited applicability. Further research is suggested to explore porphyrinic PS with alternative polar substitution patterns and tailored penetration enhancers for lipid-based delivery systems. Overall, the study underscores the importance of molecular properties of the PS system and demonstrates the potential of penetration enhancers in optimizing PDT for skin cancer treatment.

本研究以電紡絲法製作光動力活性的碳量子點（carbon quantum dots, CQDs）螢光蠶絲，用於光降解環境染劑汙染物與抗菌的應用探討。不同顏色螢光的碳量子點 紅、綠、藍色）的合成是以檸檬酸作為主要碳源，分別參雜尿素與葉綠素用以合成三種螢光的碳量子點。接著將絲素蛋白、聚乙二醇與量子點溶液為原料，以電紡絲法分別製作成藍色、綠色與紅色的螢光蠶絲。螢光光譜儀 PL）與穿透式電子顯微鏡 TEM）結果呈現量子點的光學特性與尺寸呈現預期的量子效應。拉曼光譜則證實電紡絲法之螢光蠶絲具有絲素蛋白、聚乙二醇與量子點的特徵訊號。本研究使用之電紡絲法製備之螢光蠶絲，與我們之前使用蠶寶寶桑葉餵食法生產之螢光蠶絲來比較，電紡絲螢光蠶絲具有更加優異及穩定的光降解環境汙染物效率，未來可用於自清潔、抗菌織物與醫療敷料之應用。