There are many active volcanoes in Kagoshima Prefecture, including Sakurajima Volcano. So, the volcanic disaster prevention is an urgent issue. Also, Hirabayashi of Tokyo Institute of Technology reported that the molar ratio of HCl/SO2 is large during periods of high HCl/SO2 and conversely small during periods of low HCl/SO2 , and that explosions increase one month after the molar ratio of HCl/SO2 increases during periods of no explosions. We decided to determine the composition ratio of volcanic gases (sulfur dioxide, hydrogen chloride, and hydrogen fluoride) emitted from Sakurajima crater in order to understand and predict volcanic activities. Th us, we established a simple collection method for volcanic gases using alkaline filter paper and a quantitative method using a self m ade absorbance photometer so that even high school students could perform the measurement at many points, and we discussed the data from various perspectives. Furthermore, since last year, we have found a correlation between the variation of Cl-/SO2 ratio and the number of eruptions at Sakurajima volcano. Also, a model for the behavior of volcanic gases was developed based on a comparison of the amount of volcanic ash and the number of eruptions.

Retail inventory management is a crucial part of many businesses due to the high profit associated with it as well as the uncertainty around it, especially for industries with short production cycles and a complex supply chain.Proper management ofretail inventories can lead to decreased inventory costs, prevent spoilage and obsoles- cence, and improve customer satisfaction, all of which lead to increased profits for the company.Inthispaper,wefirstproposeextendingawell-knowninequalityandtry to generalize it to other conditions and similar inequalities.The inequality involves multiple variables and how the maximum/minimum values of a subset of the numbers compare to the maximum/minimum values of the whole set of numbers.Our main contribution is applying such inequality in inventory management to help estimate the total cost of inventory management, which would allow us to determine the shutdown pointforaspecificcompanyusingthegeneralizationsoftheinequality.Lastly,weshow thatourestimatesarereasonableandproposesomefutureareaswheremoreworkcan be done.

臺灣的許多人要使用電腦打字時皆會選擇「注音輸入法」作為輸入的方法。然而要使用注音輸入法輸入中文時若無切換輸入法則有可能會誤用到英文輸入法。如要輸入「今天天氣好」五字，使用英文輸入法輸入時會輸出「rup wu0 wu0 fu4cl3」。這種文字不易理解。本研究的目的即為研究將未切換到注音輸入法而打出的英數符號混和字元翻譯為漢字的方法。 本研究使用「PTT 中文語料」與「維基百科中文資料庫」訓練 GRU、BiGRU、LSTM 和 Transformer 以及計算維特比演算法，並與 Google 輸入工具的進行比較。整體來看以 PTT 中文語料計算的維特比演算法的 BLEU4 分數最高，在準確率以及 BLEU4 的評分皆高於Google 輸入工具，分數分別為 0.94 與 88.3 分。 本研究之成果在應用方面極廣，可應用於線上翻譯或聊天軟體的即時翻譯。本研究使用之程式碼開源於 GitHub 頁面，除了可讓使用者下載使用外，使用者也可訓練自己的模型。

AI (Artificial Intelligence) technology has developed very rapidly in recent years, to the point where it can make fake videos or photos called "deepfake''. According to Sumsub Identity Fraud Report 2023 just in the past year, in the APAC region the number of deepfakes has grown 1530%, in the philippines an astounding 4500% and in 馬來西亞 a 1000% increase, these numbers will continue to rise without a proper defense against them, With this rapidly developing technology, there are several threats from misuse deepfake, namely making fraud via video calls, fake videos to blame innocent people, and so on. Therefore, in this research project, an algorithm architecture will be created, namely a system and method used to detect "deepfake" images. The architecture of this algorithm involves convolution functions, neural networks, convolutional neural networks, data normalization functions, namely ReLu and SoftMax, and pooling. This architecture will then be trained over and over with 140,000 scrambled images, which then will make the architecture ready to be used. By researching and combining this algorithm architecture, a system is produced without a cost and with a final result of up to 90% accuracy and detection of 32 images faster than a human can blink.

The study aimed to resolve global phosphate scarcity by developing a cost-effective method for phosphorus recovery from industrial wastewater. In existing wastewater treatment, oxidizing phosphite ions (PHO32-) posed a significant challenge. However, our research aimed to develop an effective method for this oxidation process, crucial for phosphorus recovery in industrial wastewater treatment. By utilizing low-cost iron compounds and innovative catalysts, such as iodine obtained from seawater and copper, we achieved remarkable success. Our method demonstrated the ability to oxidize over 80% of PHO32- into phosphate ions (PO43-) within 120 minutes, overcoming the limitations of existing costly methods involving palladium catalysts or high-voltage conditioned ozone (O3). Moreover, the process exhibited profitability, with a gross profit of $1.84 per kilogram of phosphorus, presenting a drastic reduction in cost compared to conventional methods using palladium catalysts. This breakthrough not only offers sustainable wastewater purification but also promises a pathway for resource recovery. Additionally, our future prospects involve refining this method into a device capable of purifying industrial wastewater and recovering phosphorus, emphasizing sustainability and reduced power consumption through innovative techniques like using iron and carbon plates forming a battery. This novel technology represents a sustainable solution utilizing abundant resources such as iodine from seawater, iron, and calcium, paving the way for sustainable phosphorus resource recovery.

楊氏矩陣是由有限多個相鄰的方格排列而成的表格，各橫列的左邊對齊，格子數由下而上遞增，而標準楊氏矩陣中每列與每行的元素皆嚴格遞增。我們將楊氏矩陣的「方格」變形為「三角形」，制定與原先楊氏矩陣相似的規則，並命名之為三角楊氏陣列。 本篇研究中，我們首先求得了將某些特定形狀的兩列三角楊氏陣列的遞迴關係式、生成函數、一般項，其與組合學上著名的卡特蘭數亦有相關。後來更是一般化至任意的兩列三角楊氏陣列，得到能夠求其方法數的通式。研究中使用的推算邏輯與方法，也許對未來再研究更一般(或云更多列)的三角楊氏陣列會有所幫助，另外，此研究與偏序集合(Partially Ordered Set)有關，可能可以應用於資訊領域的排序問題。

Durians’ seeds have potential as a food source due to their content and nutrients. Durians’ seeds contain fiber, minerals, vitamins A, B1, B2, C, carbohydrates, folate, potassium and copper. Nutrients are needed for the body's health and growth and development process. Durians’ seeds have the potential as a nutrient-rich food alternative. Researchers made an innovation in the form of cereal, Healthy Cereal Organic (HCO). Analysis of durians’ seed content through two stages. First, wet lab examination and second, in silico method. The wet lab examination shows the results that durians’ seeds contain 10.17 Kcal of fat energy, 4.09% ash content, 11.25% water content, 72.79% carbohydrates, 1.13% total fat and 10.74% protein and the in silico method shows the content of carotenoid compounds (vitamin A, quercetin, beta-carotene, zeaxanthin) as a drug delivery system which means that this compound is able to be absorbed by the body with the help of albumin as a carrier that maintains stability and increases its activity. Feasibility analysis based on toxicity tests, Durians’ seed compounds show inactive (non-toxic) results. Allergenicity test showed non-allergen durians’ seed content. Hedonic test was conducted on 20 panelists dominant to the HCO1 sample for aroma by 60%, texture 90%, taste 40%. It can be concluded that durians’seeds can be used as a basic ingredient for making nutrient-rich Healthy Cereal Organic (HCO).

水產養殖在應對傳統漁業過度捕撈和資源下降所帶來的挑戰中扮演著重要的角色。隨著水產養殖作為全球食品安全和經濟發展的關鍵組成部分不斷嶄露頭角，它面臨著與細菌感染相關的挑戰，以及對抗生素過度使用的日益關注，這既對環境又對健康構成風險。我們的研究深入探討了海洋食微生物對生態系統的重要性，特別關注了在水產養殖背景下的 Euplotes sp.。為此，研究致力於建立 Euplotes sp. 的標準化培養方法，並評估其作為水產養殖中對抗細菌感染的生物防治的潛力。進行的實驗探討了 Euplotes sp. 在水質凈化方面的有效性以及對海洋細菌生長的影響。研究結果為水產養殖和廣泛的水產品生產領域發展環保和可持續實踐提供了希望。

影像對位(Image Registration)為重要影像處理工具，目前已經廣泛運用各個領域，從影像醫學偵測與診斷、工業製造、品管檢測、臉部辨識都是電腦對位的應用。本次研究將探討機器人影像對位，分別透過不同影像感測器來擷取外部影像資訊，透過對位系統進行目標 物瞄準。在準確性分析研究發現不論是單一定點或是連續三點分析 結果顯示感應器的Cpk 未達1.33。此外，分析過程中發現Vision sensor 的 Cpk 值高於 GPS，顯示 Vision sensor 在影像對位準確性表現性上優於 GPS。在時效性分析方面，感應器的種類與底盤齒輪組對於影像對位時間無顯著差異，在連續三點實驗發現時效性與偵測的地點達 顯著差異。研究結果顯示在未來自駕車的設計可以將影像對位與辨 識功能結合，透過感測器觀察外界影像資訊，結合機器學習與演算法， 提高辨識率及時提供行車資訊，提高道路安全與成員安全。

在近期的臨床觀察中，我們發現腫瘤微環境有許多共存微生物，本研究透過生物資訊學發現微生物代謝物 2'O Methyluridine 可能有促進乳癌細胞生長的功效， 便設計實驗進一步解析兩者之間的作用機制。 本研究探討 2'O Methyluridine 對 MCF-7、T47-D 兩種常見乳癌細胞株的作用機制，發現 2'O Methyluridine 對 T47-D 的生長與細胞群落形成具有促進效果，而 MCF-7 的生長則是受到抑制，且 2'O Methyluridine 可能造成乳癌細胞中編碼粒線體 ATP 合酶亞基的基因之表現量降低。 本實驗的研究結果可提供乳癌治療的新方向，若微生物代謝物對於不同種類的癌症細胞株有不同的反應，我們可以針對患者的腫瘤細胞預先進行分析，並同時針對微生物與癌細胞進行治療，或許可達到更佳的療效果，減輕化療的副作用。