全國中小學科展

2024年

尋找提升淡紫青黴菌BA1S菌株降解PBAT塑膠能力之因子

塑膠汙染問題日益嚴重,生物降解是一個對環境相對友善的解決方法。淡紫青黴菌(Purpureocillium lilacinum)為一種內寄生性真菌,前人發現其 BA1S 菌株具有降解PBAT(Polybutylene Adipate Terephthalate)塑膠的能力。本研究目的在篩選能夠提升 P. lilacinum BA1S 降解 PBAT 能力的添加物。將厚度 30µm 的塑膠片置於含有 BA1S 以及各類添加物的溶液中進行生降解試驗,以 7 天或 14 天為單位進行取樣,依塑膠片餘重來計算塑膠的降解百分比。實驗結果發現添加 Cu²⁺離子的處理組在鹼性環境下(pH 7.5)有最佳的降解效果,推測是該添加物可作為漆酶(laccase)的誘導物,促進 BA1S 的氧化的降解效果。添加 Rifampicin 的處理組也能顯著提升降解率,推測是因為該物質具有促進 cytochrome p450 單加氧酵素活性所致。本研究成果不僅可運用在降解 PBAT 農膜,也可以解決田間病原線蟲危害的問題。

NUDGE TO ZERO. Using on-device, nudge-based interventions to improve road safety equity: Building on and democratising in-vehicle technologies.

To develop a mobile application that complements the Waka Kotahi Road to Zero campaign.Itaimstoincentivisesafedrivingbyidentifyingbehavioursandsituations that increase the risk of crashes and providing audio interventions.

In Silico Carotenoid Compound with Protein in Durian (Durio zibethinus Murr.) Seed Waste and Hedonic Test Innovation in Making Healthy Cereal Organic (HCO) (Nutrient-rich Functional Food Alternative)

Durians’ seeds have potential as a food source due to their content and nutrients. Durians’ seeds contain fiber, minerals, vitamins A, B1, B2, C, carbohydrates, folate, potassium and copper. Nutrients are needed for the body's health and growth and development process. Durians’ seeds have the potential as a nutrient-rich food alternative. Researchers made an innovation in the form of cereal, Healthy Cereal Organic (HCO). Analysis of durians’ seed content through two stages. First, wet lab examination and second, in silico method. The wet lab examination shows the results that durians’ seeds contain 10.17 Kcal of fat energy, 4.09% ash content, 11.25% water content, 72.79% carbohydrates, 1.13% total fat and 10.74% protein and the in silico method shows the content of carotenoid compounds (vitamin A, quercetin, beta-carotene, zeaxanthin) as a drug delivery system which means that this compound is able to be absorbed by the body with the help of albumin as a carrier that maintains stability and increases its activity. Feasibility analysis based on toxicity tests, Durians’ seed compounds show inactive (non-toxic) results. Allergenicity test showed non-allergen durians’ seed content. Hedonic test was conducted on 20 panelists dominant to the HCO1 sample for aroma by 60%, texture 90%, taste 40%. It can be concluded that durians’seeds can be used as a basic ingredient for making nutrient-rich Healthy Cereal Organic (HCO).

Autonomous Ecosystem Surveillance Robot

Our project, the Autonomous Ecosystem Surveillance Robot, aims at closing the aquatic gap in biosecurity measures by including several functions, such as water quality monitoring, aquatic species monitoring, and seabed topology surveillance. Several instances have shown the need for such a system, as demonstrated below. The United States Corps of Engineers completed an electrich fish barrier in the Chicago Sanitary and Ship Canal in 2002, in order to prevent the invasive Asian carp from moving into the Great Lakes. The introduction of the Asian carp into the Great Lakes would be an ecological disaster, as the Great Lakes provide an ideal habitat for the carp to proliferate, choking out native fish species that exist there. This would result in a major loss for the fishing industry in the area. One of the Great Lakes, Lake Erie, suffers annual algae blooms threats, which affect up to 12 million people in the Great Lakes region of the United States and Canada. These algae blooms are caused by runoff pollution, which occurs when rainfall washes fertilizer and manure from farmland into Lake Erie, fueling algae that can make water toxic to humans and animals alike. In addition, there are many existing customs regulations around the world that are set in place to ensure biosecurity of national ecosystems, such as in Taiwan, where it is illegal to bring pork from abroad. Despite this, there still exists a very large gap in biosecurity measures; that of the aquatic nature. Through these three functions, we have the ability to protect local aquatic biodiversity via the ability to detect invasive species, therefore allowing authorities to properly deal with them. This allows less harmful measures to be taken against them, thereby limiting collateral damage to endangered native species. Coupled with the ability to map bodies of water, the Autonomous Ecosystem Surveillance Robot is an extremely potent tool to preserve aquatic biodiversity and to ensure biosecurity of local waters.

高山地區暖化之探討

高海拔的高山多與極區相似,地表覆蓋著冰雪,故推測可能觀察到與極地放大效應類似的情形發生。本研究探討歐洲、美洲以及亞洲海拔超過3000 公尺的數個近百年測站之氣溫資料趨勢並比較各測站之間的差異,藉由觀察所繪製出的圖表,得到支持高山地區的暖化情況同樣也較全球平均的暖化情況明顯的證據,以及高山地區季節的暖化差異,並更加了解高山氣候變遷的趨勢,以及近代與過去暖化情況的不同。

Raising the Microscopic Guardians from the Ocean-Pioneering A Natural Solution for Vibrio Control in Mariculture Using Marine Bacterivorous Ciliates Euplotes sp.

水產養殖在應對傳統漁業過度捕撈和資源下降所帶來的挑戰中扮演著重要的角色。隨著水產養殖作為全球食品安全和經濟發展的關鍵組成部分不斷嶄露頭角,它面臨著與細菌感染相關的挑戰,以及對抗生素過度使用的日益關注,這既對環境又對健康構成風險。我們的研究深入探討了海洋食微生物對生態系統的重要性,特別關注了在水產養殖背景下的 Euplotes sp.。為此,研究致力於建立 Euplotes sp. 的標準化培養方法,並評估其作為水產養殖中對抗細菌感染的生物防治的潛力。進行的實驗探討了 Euplotes sp. 在水質凈化方面的有效性以及對海洋細菌生長的影響。研究結果為水產養殖和廣泛的水產品生產領域發展環保和可持續實踐提供了希望。

Vitas: Digital Therapy Based on a Combination of Binaural Beats and Autonomous Sensory Meridian Response (ASMR) to Reduce Stress in Gen Z Students

Vitas is a combination of binaural beats (BB) with background white noise (ASMR) as accompanying music without reducing the quality of brain stimulation and is able to stimulate the left and right brain while synchronizing brain waves so that it can be used as a media for coping with stress for Gen Z students. To find out the effect Vitas in reducing stress levels, research was conducted on high school students belonging to Gen Z. This research aims to measure the stress index of students belonging to Gen Z, then find the effect of the combination of binaural beats (BB) and ASMR on students'stress levels, and finding the best audio combination to reduce stress levels as a coping mechanism. This research uses a quantitative approach with a quasi-experimental design using a one group pre-test-post-test design scheme. The sample in this study consisted of 105 students who were divided into seven treatment groups to listen to a combination of BB and ASMR with different bandwidths. Stress levels were measured using the DASS 42 stress section questionnaire which has been tested for reliability and validity. The results of the student stress index were 16.26 in the mild stress category. There was a significant difference between the negative group, the alpha + ASMR group and the positive group with a T-Paired test result of less than 0.05. Based on the results of the Post Hoc LSD test, it was found that the combination of binaural beats alpha (12hz) + ASMR was the best combination for reducing stress in students.These findings were developed into a digital therapy application product called "Vitas" as an alternative media for coping with stress for Gen Z.