Reduction of traffic congestion in España Boulevard using graph theory
There have been numerous studies exploring the applications of graph theory in traffic management, often finding ways to reduce traffic congestion and make traveling more efficient. Such studies will be beneficial when applied to heavily congested areas such as España Boulevard, one of the busiest thoroughfares in Manila. This paper aimed tooptimize the road map of España Boulevard using graph theory. The current road map of España Boulevard was represented as a directed graphand subjected to the mutation method of edge removal, wherein an edge isremoved in each mutation based on a computed fitness function, F(G),which depicts better efficiency at lower values. Edges were removed until the graph got disconnected, which was tested using the Floyd-Warshall algorithm. The 28th mutation resulted in a minimum F(G) value of 144.4; this is a 50.18% decrease from the F(G) of the original graph, which is 290. After the 28th mutation, the removals resulted in an increase in the F(G). As a result, the final mutation resulted in an F(G) of 311.89, which characterized a less efficient graph. This study was able to apply graph theory concepts to optimize the España Boulevard road map using the mutation method, minimizing its F(G) by at most 50.18%. For future studies, the practicality of the alternate road map may be tested in simulations to examine its efficiency when other factors, such as traffic volume, are introduced.
Designing a LiDAR topographic navigation system: A novel approach to aid the visually impaired
The WHO reports 2.2 billion people internationally have a form of visual impairment, with Perkins School of Blind adding that 4 to 8 percent (8.8 - 17.6 million people) solely rely on a white cane for navigation. In an interview by Stephen Yin for NPR, visually impaired interviewees claimed that a white cane was ineffective as it failed to detect moving obstacles (ex. bikes), aerial obstacles (ex. falling objects), and it became physically demanding after a prolonged period. This problem can be solved with a headset that integrates LiDAR technology and haptic feedback to provide a real-time assessment of their environment. Theoretically, the device will determine how far an object is from the user and place it into one of three conditionals based on distance (0- 290mm, 310-500mm, 510-1200mm). As the user gets closer to the object, the haptic will vibrate more frequently. The device has 11 LIDAR sensors, beetle processors, and ERM motors so that when the LiDAR detects an object, the device will send a haptic signal in that area. It not only identifies the existence of an object but it tells the user its relative position with a latency period of approximately 2 milliseconds. When testing the device, a simulated walking environment was made. Ten obstacles were included: five below the waist (72”, 28”, 35” and 8.5” tall sticks) and five above the waist (paper suspended 6”, 10”, 48” and 28” from the ceiling). The white cane detected 4.1 obstacles, whereas the device detected 7.3 on average. The LiDAR navigation system is 178% more effective at detecting objects comparatively. Visually impaired individuals no longer must rely on the white cane; rather, using this device, they can detect small, moving, and aerial objects at a much faster, and more accurate speed.
Synthesize Sodium Sesquicarbonate and Increase Yield
In order to recycle disposable diapers, we investigated the conditions where sodium sesquicarbonate (Chemical formula Na2CO3・ NaHCO3・ 2H2O hereinafter called sesqui) precipitates selectively from sodium carbonate and the conditions for high yield. For the selective precipitation of sesqui, we defined the time required for the reaction solution to pass through the sesqui precipitation area in the Na2CO3-NaHCO3-H2O phase diagram (45°C) as Δ t. As a result, we revealed that Δt is involved in the selective precipitation of sesqui, and that we can synthesize sesqui without the expensive addition of L-Arginine as used in a previous research. Also, we proposed the “Stay method”, in which the supply of CO2 is stopped for 30 minutes to the lengthen the Δ t, and found that we could synthesize sesqui selectively even under conditions in which sodium bicarbonate is likely to be precipitated as well. Regarding the high yield of sesqui, the yield was greatly improved by the common ion effect of Na by adding NaOH to the reaction solution, sesqui synthesis by repeated reactions with CO2, and sesqui recovery by adding the anti-solvent ethanol, reaching a sesqui conversion rate of 95%. This means 109 g of sesqui can be synthesized from 100 g of Na2CO3. Moreover, we confirmed that these synthesized samples have almost the same detergency as commercial sesqui. We did a test calculation to reveal the usefulness of this research. First, if diaper recycling technology is put into practical use and all used diaper waste in Saijo City can be recycled, a reduction of 534 t/year of used diaper waste can be expected. This corresponds to a 2.3% reduction in Saijo City's waste output. From the ash that would ultimately remain after being recycled, we expect up to 35.3 t/year of synthesized sesqui using our experimental method. In addition, a CO2 reduction of 8.2 t/year is possible in the process, which is about equivalent to the volume of one gymnasium.
Discussion for Titanium Peroxides and Their Application for Dealing with Zombie Shrimp Issue
Food safety was an important issue recently. Today sodium percarbonate was used to fake the vitality of shrimps to earn a good sell. However, it may cause harm to health because of the peroxides left over. To handle this problem, we set up two goals to achieve: detecting them and then removing them. In the past, the titration skill was an easy method for determining the concentration of H2O2. It not only spent too much time but also resulted in errors commonly. In this research, titanium sulfate and citric acid were used to prepare the colorimetric reagent. To measure the peroxides in water, several factors were controlled and the SOP for detecting and the calibration line for peroxides finally established. In practical, we turned the colorimetric reagent into the fast test paper which was easily for use. The other part of this research was to clear up the peroxides in water. We use titanium sulfate, hydrogen peroxide and citric acid as starting material via hot-bath method to prepare the nano-photocatalyst of titanium dioxide. Since the powder was inconvenient to deal with large amount of water. The powder-like TiO2 was further made into ball-shaped TiO2 in favor of water treatment and reuse. It was found that the photocatalytic performance of ball-shaped TiO2 was effective to be on duty for removal of the peroxides. In summary, this research provided two techniques to deal with the zombie shrimp. The novel method for synthesis of TiO2 catalyst and the preparation of colorimetric reagent for fast test paper were all in low cost. They had great potential to develop in marketing demand.
Analysis of lncRNA, miRNA , mRNA-associated ceRNA networks include in promoting glioma cancer
The ceRNAs as a class of RNAs act by competitively binding to miRNAs and limiting their regulatory effect on the target genes. Increasing evidences point to the role of ceRNAs in glioma cancer. So far, limited studies have been reported on the role of ceRNA in the development in glioma cancer. In this study, we have analyzed online RNA sequencing data in order to predict the ceRNAs which are putative regulators of in glioma cancer.