2022年

This work is devoted to solving the problem of orientation in the space of visually impaired people. Working on the project, a new way of transmitting visual information through an acoustic channel was invented. In addition, was developed the device, which uses distance sensors to analyze the situation around a user. Thanks to the invented algorithm of transformation of the information about the position of the obstacle into the sound of a certain tone and intensity, this device allows the user to transmit subject-spatial information in real time. Currently, the device should use a facette locator made of 36 ultrasonic locators grouped in 12 sectors by the azimuth and 3 spatial cones by the angle. Data obtained in such a way is converted into its own note according to the following pattern : the angle of the place corresponds to octave, the azimuth corresponds to the note and the distance corresponds to the volume. The choice of the notes is not unambiguous. However, we used them for the reason that over the centuries, notes have had a felicitous way of layout on the frequency range and on the logarithmic scale. Therefore, the appearance of a new note in the total signal will not be muffled by a combination of other notes. Consequently, a blind person, moving around the room with the help of the tone and volume of the sound signals, will be able to assess the presence and location of all dangerous obstacles. After theoretical substantiation of the hypothesis and analysis of the available information, we started the production of prototypes of the devices that would implement the idea of transmitting information via the acoustic channel.

平常聽音樂時經常有種似曾相識的感覺。為了描述這種感覺，我們展開了複音音樂片段相似性度量的研究。因為曾經使用過最長公共子序列實作卻效果不如預期，我們將音樂片段正規化後，視為座標平面上的時間、音高點對的集合，使用點對應與二分圖匹配的方法，定義兩個複音音樂片段的相似度為最大權重匹配的平均邊權。我們計算了資料集(JKUPDD)中相同、相異的音樂片段的相似性，調整算法中的參數，找出最適合的參數組合，並且透過音符之間的權重，畫出自相似度矩陣，發現樂曲中的重複片段。

Currently, no method can completely eliminate the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in an infected person. HIV employs an accessory protein called Nef that forms a complex with cellular AP-1, preventing detection of HIV-infected cells. Lovastatin has been recently identified to inhibit the formation of said Nef-AP-1 complex, but its effective concentration is remarked to be far higher than other Nef inhibitors. This study aims to develop a modified lovastatin molecule exhibiting higher binding affinity to the HIV-1 Nef protein than lovastatin in silico. Modified lovastatin molecules based on the interaction map of lovastatin with Nef were modeled, and flexible ligand-flexible receptor docking to the Nef binding site was performed using AutoDock Vina. Residues within the Nef binding site identified by Liu et al. (2019) to be crucial (Glu-63, Val-66, Phe-68, Asp-108, Leu-112, Tyr-115) were set as flexible. Fragment-based drug design was utilized to append molecular fragments to lovastatin in order to maximize its interactions with said crucial residues. From the fragment-based approach, molecule F4 ((1S,3S)‐8‐{2‐[(2R,4R)‐4‐chloro‐6‐oxooxan‐2‐yl]ethyl}‐3‐(hydroxymethyl)‐7‐methyl‐1,2,3,4‐tetrahydronaphthalen‐1‐yl 4‐aminobenzoate) exhibited a binding affinity of -9.0 kcal/mole, and its estimated IC50 ranges between 0.25-0.51 μM which is at least 7.5 times lower than the reported IC50 of lovastatin from literature. This study presents insights on the key modifications to improve lovastatin as an HIV-1 Nef inhibitor and pertinent information about the Nef binding site for future drug development studies.

1.手機及筆電已成不可或缺生活用品。但，若其充電器如果充電時間太久，可能會因為本身過熱而造成充電完畢要取回時，造成手部的燙傷。因為有此生活經驗，想改善充電器等高溫設備的散熱。 2.本研究探討電腦CPU上如果加上致冷晶片，如何加速散熱，增加使用安全外也進而提高電腦效能。 3.以電腦主機為實驗的操作器材，探究研發該散熱系統，並做為以後其他需要散熱的結構基礎，作為加速散熱的要件。目前致冷晶片在兩面溫差超越20°C時，可以使致冷晶片產生電能，接上微型馬達後，得以驅動，並產生對流散熱。 4.目前有關致冷晶片的實驗中，多數是使用致冷晶片和帕爾帖效應的關係，以通入電能使晶片兩面產生溫差。而本研究將採賽貝克效應做基礎，來探討新式散熱解決方案，使CPU產生的熱轉換成可以驅動微型馬達的電能。

肺癌為全球最常被診斷的癌症之一，主要分為非小細胞肺癌與小細胞肺癌，其中小細胞肺癌是最具侵略性、致死性且預後最差的肺癌。目前針對小細胞肺癌仍未有有效的療法。 本研究探討花生外皮萃取出之山奈酚醣苷衍生物 kaempferol 3-O-β-d-xylopyranosyl-(1→2)-α-l-rhamnopyranosyl-7-O-α-l-rhamnopyranoside 對小細胞肺癌的抗癌功效。我們發現細胞株H1688經藥物處理後細胞存活率明顯降低，以流式細胞儀細胞週期分析，隨藥物劑量增加時 sub G1 期細胞數明顯上升；以 Annexin V 觀察發現藥物劑量增加時細胞逐漸走向晚期凋亡，此外，隨劑量增加 c-PARP、caspase-3、-3和 -9 的蛋白表達都有增進，同時也造成粒線體膜電位下降與 cytochrome c 釋放，另外我們透過西方墨點法分析發現隨著藥物劑量的增加，p53蛋白的表現量下降且有磷酸化的現象，並且在經過咖啡因的處理後藥物對細胞株的毒殺作用更加明顯，由實驗結果可知kaempferol 3-O-β-d-xylopyranosyl-(1→2)-α-l-rhamnopyranosyl-7-O-α-l-rhamnopyranoside能夠良好的誘導H1688細胞凋亡，有潛力成為治療小細胞肺癌的藥物。

Technology is erratic. We never know what could be the next big thing. Nowadays, IoT (the internet of things) has taken over the market. Every technology created nowadays is somehow related to IoT. You should manage to connect the IoT technology with a robust area of hospitality. Catering customers' needs during peak hours at any restaurant or cafe could get overwhelmed with hectic tasks such as taking orders, fetching water, and ordering meals. We created a raw model to accommodate the limitations of the human mind. The technology-based IoT (Internet of things) can come in handy during hectic sessions. A Robot waiter is built from scratch using materials like Arduino (2), Gear DC motor (2), L298N motor driver (1), Ultrasonic sensor (2), IR sensor (2), Servo motor (4) HC-05 Bluetooth module. Desired orders are sent on a wireless network through the menu bar to the kitchen. Then, the robots transfer the food from the kitchen to the customers. The floor will be all white, while there will be a strip of black line to connect every sitting and the kitchen. For instance, if table number three is to be served, we click the number three in the app, which renders an obstacle in table 3. The motor barricades the robot, and the ultrasonic sensors sense it, and it stops. If anyone picks the plate, the ultrasonic sensor senses it, the blockage is removed, and the robot paces in the designated path. People visited the place more often to experience such stimuli. Using the robots attracted more customers and made the work very quick.

傳統控制器都以一次方線性模式調整系統的比例、積分、微分等三參數減少誤差。為發展更佳誤差控制模式, 本研究嘗試加入誤差變數的次方運算。我們先以程式模擬一受固定阻力的線性系統，測試誤差變數次方的可行性，利用倒立擺系統進行模擬，並使倒立擺追蹤正弦波，以印證次方模式的控制效果。 經程式模擬後，我們認為不論目標值的大小，修改誤差參數的次方模式皆可使系統響應更快，控制效果更好。後續將利用倒立擺實測確認調整誤差次方可行性，並調整倒立擺的質量分布來模擬不同情況。相較於傳統的PID控制器，本研究拓增比例參數次方，建立PID三參數的次方模式，確認具更佳控制效果的可能性。希望未來可持續強化模式，將同步PID各參數次方模式，實際應用在機器手臂、溫度控制、建築防震等工程與工業。

由於台灣汽、機車數量逐年攀升，且人口密度高、道路窄小和停車位不足，使得人、車爭道和兩車併排等現象層出不窮，導致汽車駕駛人或乘客在開啟車門時，未注意後方來車造成碰撞的傷亡事故屢屢發生。有鑑於開啟車門不當事故頻繁，本研究提出一個基於達靈頓電路（Darlington Circuit）的快速且成本低之車門開啟預警系統，當汽車駕駛人或乘客碰觸車門內把手內側的軟式觸控薄膜開關時，系統即會啟動欲開啟車門側的門外警示燈和車後方向燈光閃爍，以提早預警行人或機車騎士，同時，汽車A柱內的警示燈、蜂鳴器會同步閃爍和鳴響，以提醒汽車駕駛人或乘客注意後方車輛避免碰撞，保障用路人安全。

閩南語有句俗諺：「打斷手骨顛倒勇」，人能在受傷後成長，越挫越勇，那植物呢？本研究發現，綠豆葉片在預先接受戳洞的物理刺激後，對生長不僅不會造成負面影響，更反而能提升綠豆耐鹽能力！隨著戳洞數增加或是延長戳洞後放置時間，皆能增強綠豆的耐鹽能力。深入研究結果顯示，戳洞刺激可能藉由鈣離子作為訊號傳遞分子，最終提升綠豆體內抗氧化酵素活性，藉此降低植物在逆境下的氧化傷害，提升其耐鹽能力。未來期望能將研究成果推廣至農業應用上，使其在面對天災人禍時，可以減少農損。

生質能源製程中，常將植物細胞壁中的纖維素進行水解，此反應在高溫環境中進行較具商業優勢，故開發耐高溫的纖維素酶具重要性。發現自嗜熱菌Geobacillus sp. 70PC53的纖維素內切酶GsCelA 在高溫中具高活性。初步研究發現 GsCelA 蛋白質序列 N 端後第 315 和第 316 個胺基酸間會發生自我斷裂現象，導致酵素活性及熱穩定性提升。本實驗在 GsCelA 的 N 端及 C 端分別製造定點突變，探討 GsCelA 自我斷裂性質。實驗結果顯示突變GsCelA 自我斷裂速率較低，而 EDTA 可抑制自我斷裂現象；已斷裂 GsCelA 可催化自我斷裂發生，而 N 端突變之已斷裂 GsCelA 不具此性質。整體實驗結果顯示GsCelA 自我斷裂受已斷裂GsCelA 催化且為一正回饋機制，並且本次的N端突變區段在催化GsCelA自我斷裂作用上是必要的。