全國中小學科展

2022年

A.N.T.s: Algorithm for Navigating Traffic System in Automated Warehouses

According to CNN Indonesia 2020, the demand for e-Commerce in Indonesia has nearly doubled during this pandemic. This surge in demand calls for a time-efficient method for warehouse order-picking. One approach to achieve that goal is by incorporating automation in their warehouse systems. Globally, the market of warehouse robotics is expected to reach 12.6 billion USD by 2027 (Data Bridge Market Research, 2020). In this research, the warehouse system studied would utilize AMR (Autonomous Mobile Robots) to lift and deliver movable shelf units to the packing station where workers are at. This research designed a heuristic algorithm called A.N.T.s (Algorithm for Navigating Traffic System) to conduct task assigning and pathfinding for AMR in the automated warehouse. The warehouse layout was drawn as a two-dimensional map in grids. When an order is placed, A.N.T.s would assign the task to a robot that would require the least amount of time to reach the target shelf. A.N.T.s then conducted pathfinding heuristically using Manhattan Distance. A.N.T.s would help the robot to navigate its way to the target shelf unit, lift the shelf and bring it to the designated packing station. A.N.T.s algorithm was tested in various warehouse layouts and with a varying number of AMRs. Comparison against the commonly used Djikstra’s algorithm was also conducted (Shaikh and Dhale, 2013). Results show that the proposed A.N.T.s algorithm could execute 100 orders in a 27x23 layout with five robots 9.96 times faster than Dijkstra with no collisions. The algorithm is also shown to be able to help assign tasks to robots and help them find short paths to navigate their ways to the shelf units and packing stations. A.N.T.s could navigate traffic to avoid deadlocks and collisions in the warehouse with the aid of lanes and directions.

A.N.T.s: Algorithm for Navigating Traffic System in Automated Warehouses

According to CNN Indonesia 2020, the demand for e-Commerce in Indonesia has nearly doubled during this pandemic. This surge in demand calls for a time-efficient method for warehouse order-picking. One approach to achieve that goal is by incorporating automation in their warehouse systems. Globally, the market of warehouse robotics is expected to reach 12.6 billion USD by 2027 (Data Bridge Market Research, 2020). In this research, the warehouse system studied would utilize AMR (Autonomous Mobile Robots) to lift and deliver movable shelf units to the packing station where workers are at. This research designed a heuristic algorithm called A.N.T.s (Algorithm for Navigating Traffic System) to conduct task assigning and pathfinding for AMR in the automated warehouse. The warehouse layout was drawn as a two-dimensional map in grids. When an order is placed, A.N.T.s would assign the task to a robot that would require the least amount of time to reach the target shelf. A.N.T.s then conducted pathfinding heuristically using Manhattan Distance. A.N.T.s would help the robot to navigate its way to the target shelf unit, lift the shelf and bring it to the designated packing station. A.N.T.s algorithm was tested in various warehouse layouts and with a varying number of AMRs. Comparison against the commonly used Djikstra’s algorithm was also conducted (Shaikh and Dhale, 2013). Results show that the proposed A.N.T.s algorithm could execute 100 orders in a 27x23 layout with five robots 9.96 times faster than Dijkstra with no collisions. The algorithm is also shown to be able to help assign tasks to robots and help them find short paths to navigate their ways to the shelf units and packing stations. A.N.T.s could navigate traffic to avoid deadlocks and collisions in the warehouse with the aid of lanes and directions.

槭樹翅果成熟過程中單、雙翅差異性探討

具翅植物是一種成功適應散播的果實。槭樹果實會成對的在樹上生長,並在成熟後分開單獨落下。本研究欲了解槭樹果實成熟過程中的各階段變化、以及探討翅果單、雙翅在傳播效率上的差異性,並配合物理方面的分析。實驗結果發現單翅果之水平位移量、滯空時間、角速度皆較雙翅果大,且會受到康達效應作用,以終端速度掉落,雙翅果呈等加速度運動,故在傳播效率方面單翅果優於雙翅果。而在成長過程中槭樹翅果一開始是由合生心皮雌蕊發育而來,在成熟後產生離層,只透過心皮間柱與枝條相連,之後當心皮間柱斷裂時,雙翅果分離形成單翅果。由雙翅果較低的角速度推測其在生長過程中較為穩定。本實驗了解了槭樹翅果單翅及雙翅在不同時期對繁衍的優勢。

Bio-Circular-Green Superabsorber

As the world has become concerned about the global waste crisis and global warming, there has been a surge of research within materials science to find materials that would replace plastic, such as bioplastics or biodegradable materials, in order to reduce environmental pollution. Plastics generates the microplastics that allowed them to become cross contamination enter the ocean through land, sea and river. Science research found (Lusher et al. (2017)) over 220 species of marine animals ingested microplastic, half of them are considered relevant for commercial purpose and increasing the risk of human consumption as it can induce immune response, oxidative stress, cytotoxicity, alter membrane integrity and cause differential expression of genes. Thailand is also experiencing such a challenge, as seen by the overabundance of plastic waste that might take centuries to decompose. For example, around 1680 million personal hygiene products such as diapers, sanitary napkins, and tampons are used each year. This study highlights the use of naturally accessible absorbent fibers from malva nut (Scaphium scaphigerum) (G. Don) Guib & Planch.), which is widely available and biodegradable in nature and has a low carbon footprint. This study also aimed to develop natural absorbent pads using compostable spun, external layers, and biodegradable glue. A prototype sanitary napkin with biodegradable absorbent pads was developed and evaluated for absorption ability, absorption rate, pH, and biodegradability. The absorbent material absorbed up to 19 times its weight in 2 minutes and 33 times its weight in 2 hours, which is enough for an average of 80-150 mL of menstrual blood. The prototype napkin deteriorated within 99 days, based on naked eye observation. Some signs of degradation and microorganisms growing on the prototype were also observed from scanning electron microscopic images. According to the findings, natural absorbent pads made from malva nut have the potential to be converted into sanitary napkins. Furthermore, it is proposed that the components, which include superabsorbent renewable materials, spinning compostable layer, external compostable layer and biodegradable glue, may be used in a variety of goods, including adult diaper pants, incontinence pads, and laboratory bench mats.

透過相轉移催化劑合成Chromeno[4,3-b]pyrrolidine之衍生物

本研究之反應產物Chromeno[4,3-b]pyrrolidine之衍生物含有吡咯烷及二氫苯并哌喃的骨架,而此二者存在於許多藥物及天然物中,例如:尼古丁及蛋白質中的脯胺酸皆為吡咯烷的衍生物,含有二氫苯并哌喃骨架的藥物則通常被應用於消炎藥物中。本研究主要反應是以對甲基苯醌衍生物與亞胺葉立德前驅物在相轉移催化劑及無機鹼的催化下進行(3+2)環加成反應與oxa-1,6-加成反應,合成出Chromeno[4,3-b]pyrrolidine之衍生物。利用改變不同的相轉移催化劑、溶劑和無機鹼的種類及各反應物的當量數,篩選出進行本反應的最佳反應條件。在此優化條件下,進一步使用不同的掌性相轉移催化劑,以探討本反應之光學活性。並利用無機鹼的篩選,以排除背景反應發生的可能性。希望最後能於起始物上替換不同種類的取代基,以探討本反應之反應活性,並增加其未來應用的多樣性。

車輛預防翻覆系統

人們每天依靠著車輛往來各地,在帶來各種便利的同時,卻也伴隨著各種安全隱憂。本研究想要預防因駕駛轉向過於劇烈所導致的車輛翻覆行為,因此設計自動控制系統以避免車輛因轉向過於劇烈所導致的車輛翻覆行為。本研究利用車輛模型模擬轉向時車輛側向加速度的變化,根據模擬結果設計控制策略。控制目標為希望能降低車輛轉向時的側向加速度,進而避免翻車。控制策略分為門檻式控制策略與連續控制策略。控制系統輸入訊號為車輛側向加速度,而輸出訊號為車輛左右兩後輪馬達的扭矩訊號。控制系統只需要偵測車輛的側向加速度即可推得車輛轉向的時間點,並在車輛有較高可能翻覆時,根據控制策略予以車輛馬達扭矩輸出訊號的限制,避免轉向時側向加速度過高導致翻車。

PMCA 技術在漸凍症(ALS)致病蛋白TDP-43 纖維之高靈敏度偵測開發及應用

TDP-43是漸凍症(ALS)以及額顳葉失智症(FTLD)等神經退化性疾病的致病蛋白,在患者腦內會有不正常的類澱粉蛋白TDP-43錯誤折疊而產生蛋白質堆積,而不同堆積階段依序為單體(monomer)、多倍體(oligomer)、纖維(fiber)。其中纖維為許多神經退行性疾病的病理標誌,且相較於已有的 TDP-43 oligomer 單株抗體(Yu-Sheng Fang et al.(2014)),目前沒有對於 TDP-43 纖維抗體的研究,因此本實驗利用單株抗體技術所製造出對應TDP-43纖維的不同抗體進行純化及濃縮,找出對TDP-43 fiber專一性最高、結合效率及結合率皆最好抗體,以作為能夠檢測漸凍症患者血液中TDP-43 fiber的生物標誌(Biomarker)。 同時為了增加偵測的靈敏度,本實驗成功創新利用PMCA ( protein misfolding cyclic amplification) 技術快速放大纖維的數量以提高檢測準確度,搭配高專一性、高結合效率的編號3-2自製抗體作為Biomarker,只需五個小時便可以將極少量纖維的訊號約提高至原先的17倍,具有極高的靈敏性可以準確辨認出有無TDP-43纖維的樣本差別。

Introduction of Omed-Omedan Tradition Through Augmented Reality-Based Card Games To Increase The Love of Local Culture

This research is motivated by the differences in the people's perceptions, mainly youth about the omed-omedan tradition. The difference is that many people think that the omed-omedan tradition violates the norms of decency and is also called the pornography tradition. The purpose of this study is to, 1) describe the mechanism of applying omed-omedan tradition recognition attitudes through augmented reality-based card games, 2) analyz the impact resulting from the application of omed-omedan tradition recognition attitudes through augmented reality-based card games, and 3) analyze about the feasibility of application resulting from the application of omed-omedan tradition recognition attitudes through augmented reality-based card games. This research is a type of R&D research conducted at Bali Mandara State High School from July 1-September 6, 2021. The subjects of this study were the teenagers of Kaja Sesetan Indigenous Village and the object of this study was the omed-omedan tradition through augmented reality-based card games. The data collection method used is the literature studies, questionnaires, interviews, and validation questionnaires. Data is processed based on qualitative descriptive approach and quantitative descriptive approach. The results showed that the mechanism of implementing the omed-omedan tradition originated from the download of assistive devices, namely android studios and applications from AR, the impact of augmented reality-based card games was seen as very helpful in the introduction of the omed-omedan tradition and was seen as able to help increase the love of local culture, besides that the media used was also very popular by players because it was seen as interesting and very helpful. Based on the feasibility tests that have been calculated, this game is considered very feasible to implement and researchers hope that the innovations that have been created can effectively provide understanding to help out the local community about omed-omedan tradition.

火焰之舞

國慶煙火在天空綻放時,顏色斑斕炫爛,不禁在想,火藥裡頭究竟加了哪些物質造成這些五顏六色的絢麗光芒?於是開始搜尋資料,發現這些多彩的色光,是因為電子在不同的軌域中躍遷時放出來的光芒,稱為焰色反應。於是我們開始動手作實驗,發現在酒精膏上填充不同的金屬離子會出現不一樣顏色的火焰,而且在火焰的外部加入電場,竟然能使火焰產生偏折的現象!這個現象更引起了我們的好奇,火焰中是否含有帶電離子,以致於被電場吸引?又添加不同價數的離子,是否會因為價數的不同而造成偏折角度的差異?於是我們經過了反覆實驗後觀察到失去電子的正電離子,確實會因為電場的影響造成不同角度的偏折,且正電離子本身的價數越大,造成的偏折角度越小。

鐵道守護者–高準確率AI鐵道辨識異物入侵系統設計之研究

在2021年4月2日台鐵太魯閣號在清水隧道行駛到轉彎口與滑落邊坡的工程車碰撞,造成火車出軌,衝入隧道中擦撞到隧道壁,造成49人死亡和247人輕重傷!當我們看到這則新聞時,心裡充滿驚訝與心疼!為了改善這問題,我們開始討論和查資料,發現台鐵在107年12月有一個「邊坡全生命監測系統」計畫,運用AI影像辨識技術,台鐵的規格是95%以上準確率,但因為辨識準確度不夠高,所以延宕到現在仍未完成。 我們設計AI鐵道辨識異物入侵系統,藉由攝影機將鐵道周遭影像傳至台鐵行控中心,運用AI深度學習技術辨識入侵鐵道的異物,從而準確判斷,讓火車駕駛員能提前預警,達到保障人車安全的目的。本研究並建立一套科學系統的方法來訓練視覺辨識模型,從而提高準確率,目前最高的準確率是97%!