全國中小學科展

2021年

Dependence of Alloy Composition in Color Change of Brass Foil by Oxide Thin Layer Formation

It is known that copper foil undergoes a color change in heating by oxide thin layer formation. Therefore, we focused on the color change by the oxidation of brass foil. Brass foil (Akaguchi (Cu87%Zn13% alloy) and Aoguchi (Cu85%Zn15% alloy)) also undergoes color change by oxidation, and it shows heating time and temperature dependence. Brass foil need longer heating time to appear color change than copper foil, and we can visually confirm that the brass has corrosion resistant. In addition, color change of brass foil depends on the percentage of copper in the brass, and Aoguchi shows rapidly color change in same heating condition. We show that brass has different physical properties than copper, even with a high percentage of copper in brass, and this was verified through comparison using diffusion length and RGB data in Aoguchi and Akaguchi. We demonstrate these colored brass foils are used as art materials, and our results expanded material using possibility of brass foil.

探討雙黃酮類CRYT對抑制發炎反應與免疫細胞移動的影響

發炎反應與癌症具有密切的關係,而如何抗發炎是現今重要的研究主題。本研究主要探討雙黃酮類藥物CRYT對LPS誘發之發炎反應與免疫細胞遷移的影響。本研究首先以細胞試驗分析細胞激素與趨化因子的表現量觀察CRYT對發炎反應的影響。接著,利用反轉錄聚合酶連鎖反應 (RT-PCR) 和共軛焦顯微鏡觀察黏附分子與調控細胞骨架分子的表現量,以了解CRYT對免疫細胞遷移的影響。再來我們以西方墨點法分析免疫反應調控路徑之蛋白質表現量來研究CRYT的作用途徑。同時,透過程式模擬CRYT的標的蛋白,並用細胞轉染與雙冷光技術驗證模擬結果。本研究發現,CRYT會抑制TNF-、IL-1及IL-6三種促發炎因子與CXCL1、CCL3及CCL4三種趨化因子的表現量。另外,CRYT會抑制黏附分子LFA-1與VLA-4與調控細胞骨架分子Cdc42、PAK1、WASP、Rac1及LIMK1之mRNA表現量,以阻礙F-actin進行聚合作用。本研究也發現,CRYT能藉由抑制NF-B的表現量,進而影響巨噬細胞的發炎作用與細胞移動。在作用機制的方面,CRYT會結合在雌激素受體的配體結合位,並抑制雌激素受體的轉錄作用,而抑制發炎作用與細胞轉移。結論得知,CRYT不但可以抑制發炎反應,還能有效抑制免疫細胞的遷移。

AUTONOMIC HEATING GLOVES

In today's world, medicine is very advanced, thanks to which many diseases that were previously considered incurable, are now treated almost all over the world. But, unfortunately, some diseases are still incurable and can only facilitate their course. One such disease is Raynaud's disease or Raynaud's syndrome. Statistics show that worldwide the percentage of patients with this disease is 3-4%. Raynaud's disease is a paroxysmal spasm of the arteries of the fingers of the hand, rarely the feet when cooling the extremities. As mentioned earlier, this disease is incurable. That is why the creation of a device that can help people overcome many inconveniences due to the inability to stay in the cold without gloves or the problem of discomfort in heated gloves is relevant. And one of the solutions to this problem is to create special heated gloves. This work is also relevant, because even existing treatments, such as medication and conservative, do not completely solve the problem of reducing the sensitivity of the hands when cooled or even the slightest moisture on the palms. Also, these methods are very expensive, so our device will be cheaper and more affordable than existing ones. When using our gloves together with the two already mentioned methods, the treatment will be more effective. Unfortunately, medical and conservative treatments will lead to complications over time, so we not only maintain sensitivity in the hands, but also prevent further amputation of the upper extremities and the emergence of human health problems associated with the effects of drugs on the whole body. Nowadays, people work hard to be able to live well, but it is difficult for people with Raynaud's phenomenon to do so, as the sensitivity of the upper extremities decreases during the exacerbation of the disease. It is important for us to maintain the sensitivity of the hands by normalizing the thermal balance of the hands, which leads to the elimination of spasms of the atria of the hand. The aim of the work is to create a simple and effective means to normalize and maintain the thermal balance of the upper extremities, in order to reduce the loss of sensitivity of the hands in patients, as well as reduce the likelihood of spasms of the arteries of the fingers. The subject of the study is the course of Raynaud's disease and the current treatments for it. The aim of the study is the creation of special gloves that can stop spasms of arteries and maintain blood flow in them by balancing the heat balance in the hand, and depriving patients of the disease during their wearing During the work the following tasks were set: - to theoretically investigate the peculiarities of Raynaud's disease; - to analyze the existing clothes on the market with heating; - to develop and improve its own design of heated gloves, which will be affordable and easy to use. - calculate the cost of gloves taking into account all factors

新式高能磁場對於骨髓幹細胞軟骨分化的影響

近年來,再生醫療利用幹細胞幫助組織器官新生的方法已有長足進步,但仍然面臨許多的瓶頸。例如: 幹細胞注射進入人體以後,無法繼續分化生長成所需組織。最近,高能磁場的使用也是醫學界蓬勃發展的議題,我們試圖利用高能磁場誘導幹細胞的分化,希望可以增加幹細胞分化的效能,這是一創新的嘗試。我們比較新型高能磁場(RMS)與對照組於骨髓幹細胞(BMSCs)的分化效果,發現RMS 中叢集式刺激(iTBS)的SOX9和COL10的基因表現與免疫組織化學染色明顯優於15Hz RMS 與對照組。最佳的刺激設計為強度50%的iTBS連續施打五天。我們亦發現每回合900 pulses有優於每回合600 pulses的趨勢。此實驗證實iTBS能夠增加BMSCs在體外的軟骨分化表現,反映在基因表現層次到膠原蛋白合成的層次。未來,此方法將進一步使用於動物實驗,期望擴展到臨床上用於退化性關節炎的治療,對再生醫療發展有所幫助。

中文重點文句摘取

在資訊爆炸的時代,效率閱讀、整理資料的能力越趨重要。身為高中生,學習時的閱讀量龐大,還須另外自己挑選重點句,重新整理筆記。因此我想如果可以讓電腦自動摘取文章的重點,就能幫助學生效率學習。 大多數現存的自動摘要研究適用於英文文本,本研究利用演算法抓取中文文章的摘要,使學生可以真正實用該演算法於日常學習當中。除此之外,此研究比較了不同方法摘要的準確率以及優缺點。

HYBRID COMPOSITE FROM X-RAY WASTE

This study considered the tensile and flexural characterization of new lighter and cheaper hybrid composite materials to replace the existing insert panel for the currently available bulletproof vest. The materials chosen included a natural fibre, i.e., kenaf fibre, chemically treated with sodium hydroxide solution, and, as a means of recycling, used x-ray films with a surface treatment. Using the traditional hand lay-up method, the materials were fabricated into seven layers of different configurations, which were then subjected to tensile and flexural tests. The findings showed that one of the configurations that consisted of both treated materials had a tensile strength of 396.9M Pa, which is quite strong, and a flexural modulus of 6.24G Pa, which makes it flexible enough to be made into wearable equipment. This configuration was then chosen to be the base design for the specimen subjected to impact test. The interfacial bond between the two distinct materials proved to be a major issue, even with the help of fibre treatment. Therefore, some improvements need to be made for the material to be comparable to existing materials performance-wise hence making this configuration suitable for ballistic application.

Designing Multifunctional Intelligent Autonomous Underwater Remote Operating Vehicle to perform “Search and Rescue” in the event of extreme weather flooding condition

This underwater remote operating vehicle (ROV) is designed with and without tethered operation. The operator can control the ROV from the real time first-person view in graphical user interface combined with sonar and object detection function when the tether is attached to perform search and rescue. The control tether with fiber optic lighting cable establishes a guided link medium between the possible search victim location and the rescue team. When the tether is detached, rapid deployment by a predefined set of instruction to achieve further operation range. The intelligent technologies of signal processing were used for object recognition, collision detection and sonar scanning data to enhance underwater operation. Autonomous driving is based on software development with limited capability to run in unrestricted open areas. We have achieved the design intent and confirmed the performance data in the laboratory boundary conditions.

探討造孔劑粒徑與添加量對天然水膠軟骨支架之孔洞型態影響

軟骨修復目前仍是臨床治療上的挑戰,組織工程扮演著可行性的解決方案。軟骨修復中,軟骨支架是關鍵的要素。本研究使用天然高分子水膠透過溶劑鑄造鹽洗法製備軟骨支架,去探討造孔劑粒徑大小(大粒徑:170;小粒徑:250)與添加量(低量:2克;高量4克)是否會影響製成軟骨支架的物化性質,以及會影響前驅骨母細胞分化的能力。透過觀察所製成的四種軟骨支架顯微結構,分別測試其吸水量、降解性、抗壓強度與交聯度,並測試其生物相容性與促進前驅骨母細胞增生及分化之能力。結果發現,造孔劑粒徑大且高添加量的軟骨支架 (170-4組別),雖抗壓強度僅 0.0177 MPa,每克支架吸水量達 14.72 mL ,浸泡於試劑 30 天後,支架不會明顯降解,且不具細胞毒性,促進前驅骨母細胞增生與分化的能力最佳,因此可作為適用於軟骨缺損修復之組織工程支架,提高軟骨修復之成效。

Considering Fukushima’s contaminated water treatment system using algae ~ To protect the oceans from radioactive emissions

Nine years ago, the Great East 日本 Earthquake caused the spread of a large amount of radioactive materials. Even now, the amount of contaminated water is increasing at a rate of 180 tons per day, and it is said that the storage tanks for the contaminated water will run out of space in the next two years (Fig. 1). If the contaminated water is discharged into the ocean, it will cause reputational damage to the fishing industry, and the environmental pollution. We are conducting to research to prevent it from happening. In the wake of the nuclear accident, the senior started water quality surveys at Chaya Marsh near the school. During the survey, they found (Chara braunii, Fig. 2), (Nitella axilliformis, Fig. 3), Closterium moniliferum (Fig. 4), and (Nostoc commune, Fig. 5).

Imperative Programming程式碼與Functional Programming程式碼的等價性與其證明,使用Agda

本研究主要考慮在盡量保留可讀性的情況下,找出將 Imperative Programming 程式碼對應的 Functional Programming 的程式碼並證明。 結果如下: 一、if statement 等價於由 ifte 函數所構成的程式碼,其中函數ifte定義在本文內 二、某些 for-loop statement 等價於由 foldl 函數所構成的程式碼 三、某些 for-loop statement 等價於由 map 函數所構成的程式碼