I’ve heard a report on the internet that there are mites on the face, even a clean face, and I took an interest in doing a research. First, I found that on the face is Demodex, which lives and depends on human beings; besides, nearly seventy percent of people have these mites on their faces. To know more about the habit of Demodex, I sampled forty people of both sexes and different ages. The analysis, not correlating with sex and times of face washing, showed that more mites are found on the forehead than on other parts of the face, and there is more probability to find Demodex on the face of those who are older, those who have oily skin, and those who suffer from acne. I also observed that these mites are photonegative, often gather together in the hair follicles, and feed on sebum. Moved from the human body, Demodex is livelier in sesame oil than in other kinds of oils, but its life ends in about eight to ten hours and dissolutes at last. In addition, I tried to devitalize Demodex by various kinds of medicine, cleansers and cosmetics, but only those containing sulfer, eau de parfum, and the essence of rosemary or lavender are efficacious. 網路傳聞乾淨的臉上也有蟲，引起我探索的興趣，查探後發現是和人類片利共生的毛囊 蠕形?和皮脂蠕形?，初步調查顯示近70%的人臉上都有蟲。為了更了解蟲的習性，以年齡 與性別區分共在40 人臉上採集樣本，統整結果得知，額頭比其他臉上部位多、年齡越大、膚 質油的發現機率較大，但不受面皰多寡、性別、洗臉次數等影響；觀察後發現蠕形?以人類 的皮脂為食，經常群聚在人體毛囊中，離開人體後在芝麻香油中活動力較佳，但約8~10 小時 後就死亡分解導致無法繼續觀察其生活史，對光有明顯的負趨光性，最後試著用各種藥品減 低蟲的生命力，以薰衣草、迷迭香精油、毒藥香水和蜜花沉澱硫等較有效。

高二上學期化學第一章，就討論到電子組態及原子光譜，雖然課本上有美麗的光譜插圖，但是觀念還是覺得十分抽象。所以老師為了提高我們學習的興趣，在實驗課中教我們自製簡易分光器，實際去觀賞各種光源及有色溶液的光譜，觀賞過程我們發現下列的問題：（1）為何一般離子是帶狀光譜，而MnO4- 光譜卻像線光譜？（2）MnO4- （深紫）和Mn2+（幾近無色），兩者顏色差異很大。是否與Mn 離子是否單獨存在有關係？（3）而另外CrO42- （黃）、Cr2O72- （橙）和Cr3+（深藍色），三者顏色差異，是否與MnO4- 和Mn2+原因類似？為了尋找這些答案，於是開始了這個題目研究的過程。這期間我們花了很多時間與方法，嘗試將肉眼觀察到的影像，在自設的簡單暗房中，將光柵卡在數位相機的鏡頭前，以腳架或翻拍架拍攝下來。另外我們也應用到高三上學期平衡常數測定實驗中比色法的觀念，以及物理學上單狹縫繞射的觀念，使課本中的理論與實驗研究相互結合！最後我們藉分光光譜儀測定各有色溶液的可見光吸收光譜，再去定量分析這些有色溶液的顏色深淺，並查閱相關的文獻資料。最後發現MnO4-應該是一種電荷傳遞的遷移，所引起特別深顏色的現象。 至於CrO42- 、Cr2O72- 和Cr3+三者顏色比較上是否和MnO4- 和Mn2+一樣的情形？我們推測應該也是如此！初見Cr3+有很深的顏色時，的確嚇了一跳，不過最後我們還是從它們的可見光吸收光譜中發現： CrO42- 、Cr2O72- 在λmax 的吸光度比Cr3+還要大！但是為何肉眼觀察到的Cr3+顏色會比較深？那是因為我們視覺上對藍綠色比較敏感的緣故！請參考表一。 We have discussed some electronic configurations and atomic spectrums in chemistry class. Although there were a few beautiful spectrums in textbook , but it’s difficult to understand. So we made a simple spectroscope by ourselves to observe spectrums of different light source and color solution . After some observation we have found some problems below ： （1）Why the spectrum of color solution is band spectrum , but the spectrum of permanganate ion (MnO4- ) like line spectrum？ （2）MnO4- （deep purple）and Mn2＋（pink）, their color are different very much. Is it because of the lone existence and binding with oxygen atom of manganese ion? （3）Additionally CrO42- （yellow）、Cr2O72- （orange）、Cr3+（deep blue），Are their color’s difference same as MnO4- and Mn2+？ In order to solve it , we started to do the reasrech. We tested different methods much time to record . Finally , We found a good method . That’s placed a grating in front of the digital camera len to take single slit diffraction spectrum pictures in the dark space. Additionally we used spectrophotometer to measure the visible light absorption spectrum. We compared and matched with single slit diffraction spectrums and visible light absorption spectrums. Then we found the intense color of MnO4- due to charge transfer in reference book. How about color’s difference between CrO42- 、Cr2O72- 、Cr3+group and MnO4、 Mn2+ group? We guess they had the same result . We can find the λmax of CrO42- 、Cr2O72- is larger than Cr3+ from the absorption spectrum. But the observation from naked eyes was inverse . This is owing to our vision is more sensitive to blue color. Refer Table 1.

A professor once told me that scientists have already known a lot about vortices, but less about how to tackle with them in here and there cases. As to my mind, this means knowing by halves. As a matter of fact, I gradually found that human may not know more than a dragonfly! A dragonfly flying in a figure of eight pattern does know about Vortices Recycling. The highlight of the experiment is the hovering ability upon a fixed point in the air. Who can stay longer will be the king of Vortices. Sometimes I am not so optimistic about mimicking a fly or a bat, but I am really very interesting in discovering which flying mechanism is more effective,『Fling Mechanism』 or 『In a figure of eight pattern』, if with the same weight and energy? How to implement their mechanism in our flying machine? It is always the best policy to do naturally with vortices. The conservation of vortices is found here and there. Vortex itself is energetic. To gain means to keep. The one who is able to keep vortices will be rewarded. As in life generation and the ability of hovering, the rule follows. Typhoons and tornados still threat us like the beasts. And what’s more, a jumbo-airplane was crashed as beaten by tip vortices of the former airplane. As the dragonflies, the beautiful acrobats of vortices , infuse in tip vortices. Not the strong contradistinction did we realize that it is time for vortices!研究渦旋已經四年。四年之中，涉獵了許多關於渦旋的實驗。當我越了解渦旋，就越佩服那些卓越的昆蟲朋友們，他們可說是調配利用渦旋的大師。從候鳥遷徙的V字型隊伍、海豚的渦旋氣球、到蜻蜓八字型的飛行機制，我很想知道：在一個固定的流場中，到底哪一種運動機制，能最有效率的提供上升的力量？而如何將昆蟲朋友們的高超技術，運用到人類飛行載具上？將是我有興趣的另一項課題。『關於渦旋』是一系列渦旋實驗，目的就是自基礎開始深入了解在地球這樣環境下渦旋的性質。（一）探討基礎的渦旋本質（二）產生相對運動下物體的的渦旋架構（三）物體取得升力和失去升力的要件（四）昆蟲飛行機制探密（五）未來展望與渦旋的運用經過長時間的觀察可以了解到：1、渦旋遵守動量守恆。是以渦旋出現時是成對的2、渦旋是具有能量的。在上升力取得方面，當攻角過大時，渦旋剝離，造成能量的損失；以至於飛行載具失速。而蜻蜓是保有渦旋並加以利用的高手，自然事半功倍。順勢而為，渦旋增強。

在我們的這主題中，以單擺為主要研究對象，利用數值方法寫成計算程式，並藉 以整理運用繪圖軟圖，描繪其運動的模式之物理意義，便是我們此主題的重點所在， 並且我們更深入於實際物理情況中，消耗力或摩擦力終將阻滯運動以迄振動不再發 生。我們一開始利用RK4 數值方法將單擺運動方程寫成Visual Basic 6.0 計算程式來解 其運動方程得到等時距之角度及角速度，再藉由Matlab5.3 繪出我們想要的圖形―角度 與時間，角速度與時間以及角速度和角度之相圖。所得的圖形中，也分為有或無阻尼， 每項中又有不同的討論，如：在已知的任何一個初始狀態下，其擺動的情況當然也有 互相之對照比較，最終得出精采的結果：且將單擺作了完整且一般性的分析。因為此 番分析研究是屬理論性，雖然實驗之佐證但我們藉由Easy Java Simulation(台灣師範大 學黃福坤教授在http://140.126.110.168/~phy50/所提供免費下載)製作動畫來驗證了我們 所得的結果是十分正確無誤【它只能得到各初始條件下之單一圖形，而我們的方法可 以將各單一相圖統整成相平面及相空間並分類】

在上了基礎地球科學之後，我們更加關心所處的環境。我們想要了解地球暖化的趨勢是如何？各緯度地區的暖化程度有著怎樣的差異？我們至各國網站搜尋氣象站的原始資料，並利用Microsoft Excel作數據分析。我們比較了不同緯度區域的升溫現象，並找出各測站數十年來暖化程度隨時間的變化。結論與我們以前所認知的事實－地球正在迅速暖化，有著一段差距。有些地方的氣溫長期趨勢是上升，近十年的狀況卻是下降；有些地方的氣溫一直穩定而持續的上升；更有些地方的冬季越來越熱，夏季越來越冷，年溫差越來越小。我們發現，就我們主要研究的東亞島國來說，暖化的幅度其實並沒有影片「正負2℃」所說的那麼大。

本實驗針對一取自台北縣烏來南勢溪下游之溫泉菌，進行微生物學、生物化學、分子生物學三方面之觀察與實驗，期能得到一可生產特定酵素之菌種，且具耐高溫之抗逆境能力。對其酵素進行定性，並嘗試轉殖出相關基因，使之可大量表現。目前已篩選出一種可生產多種酵素之菌種〔依其採集地點暫稱WL-A12〕經菌種鑑定為Bacillus subtilis WL-A12。藉由菌落檢測法以及Zymogram 的方式做酵素分析，並以電導轉形等技術，希望能成功轉至E. coli 上表現。另外，也對該菌種作了一些基本微生物方面的觀察〔如需氧情況、最適生長溫度〕。We isolated enzyme-producing thermophilic bacteria from hot springs near downriver of Nan-shi, Wulai, Taipei (北縣烏來南勢溪). Through microbiological, biochemistry and molecular biological analyses, a multiple enzyme-producing Bacillus subtilis strain, designated WLA12, has been isolated. The growth condition of WLA12 was observed. Using basic colony assay and zymogram analysis (gel electrophoresis) to observe the expressed enzymes, molecular weight and gene size of the enzymes were revealed. With comparison to E. coli control strain, the related enzymes were only found in WLA12. To express the Bacillus genes in E. coli, molecular cloning and gene transformation via electroporation was carried out.

含羞草會因為受到各種不同外界刺激(光照、外力等等)，而造成膨壓改變。外 觀上表現出葉片閉合或有葉柄下垂的現象。其中含羞草處在黑暗的環境下一段時 間後，會做出睡眠運動。當它重新暴露於光照之中，將會需要一段時間以恢復原 先葉片張開的樣子。這個實驗是研究不同類型的環境因子(主要是光照和溼度)在打 破睡眠運動之後，對其葉片復原時間所造成的影響。我們針對上述環境因子在不 同狀況時，進行我們的實驗上百次，進一步得到了多項的數據。也在實驗中，為 了精確了解整個恢復的程序，而將恢復程序程序做成書面說明。以下是我們所紀 錄與分析完數據後的結果，以及我們在實驗期間，進行一些不同的實驗嘗試，所 發現不同於表面所見的驚人事實。 The mimosa can accept plenty of stimulation (light, force, etc), which results in the change of turgor pressure, and on outward appearance, it shows the phenomenon that the leaves become closed or that the stalks get pendent. Among the stimulation, the mimosa will undergo nyctinasty when it is left in the dark for a period of time, in order to enable it to be exposed to the light once more, which requires certain time. This experiment is based on how different kinds of elements of the environment (primarily light and hydro level) effects the rehabilitation time after the nyctinasty is broken. A large number of data are gained after experimenting on it for hundreds of times. Steps of habilitation are also made into illustration in writing, so as to understand the whole steps accurately in the experiment. Below are our records and analysis based on the data, including a few special experimental tries during our working time, in which some surprising facts that were discovered are different from what are seen on the surface.

上體育課的時候看到同學投空心球（籃球在沒有碰著籃框的情況下進入籃中），覺得好厲害。因此，我們利用相關的數學知識與運動原理來討論籃球投出後的運行軌跡，以及影響其命中率的相關因素。我們得知籃球的運行軌跡是一條拋物線，並求出其二次方程式；並利用標準籃球直徑與籃框直徑找出籃球進入籃框的最小入射角。若要提高命中率，必須考慮籃球投出時的投射角、初速度、籃球投出時的高度以及籃球與籃框水平距離之間的相關影響。此外，我們藉由電腦軟體列出相關數據提供作為實際投籃時的參考，並藉此進一步分析上述因素如何影響籃球運行軌跡以及如何提高投籃的命中率。Those who always shoot nothing but the net in basketball games were always heroes to me. I have being thinking for a long time how to become a person of that kind. For this, we investigated the trajectory of shooting a basketball and the factors to increasing the field goal percentages through our knowledge on mathematics and physics. We have obtained that the trajectory is in fact a parabola and, we further, found its quadratic equation. We also derived the minimal incident angle from the diameters of the standard basketball and hoop as well as the quadratic equation we have found. To raise the field goal percentages, some important factors must be taken into consideration, such as the vertical and horizontal distance between the basketball and the hoop, the incident angle and the initial velocity of shooting. Finally, we provide some concerning data for reference, and analyzed how the important factors we have mentioned above have affected our basketball trajectory and how, of the most importance, to increase the field goal percentages

本研究利用蛋白質的環保、生物活性，金奈米粒子的低毒性，及蛋白質金奈米粒子的螢光特性，合成可應用於生物體內之螢光蛋白質金奈米粒子，從而利於標靶藥物研究。本研究選擇與眾多疾病相關的胰島素，以最佳方式合成紅色螢光胰島素金奈米粒子，有助於探討糖尿病相關機制。並嘗試以養晶得到結晶狀的胰島素金奈米粒子；經由離子測試發現胰島素金奈米粒子十分穩定，更可應用於細胞內微量氰離子檢測；根據CD光譜，確認胰島素金奈米粒子與胰島素的蛋白質二級結構相似。之後利用MTT測試細胞毒性，並將胰島素金奈米粒子餵入細胞，並取得細胞螢光影像，證明胰島素金奈米粒子可經由細胞表面之胰島素受體進入細胞內，且呈現紅色螢光，證明胰島素金奈米粒子可用於生物體內顯影追蹤。利用老鼠實驗證明胰島素金奈米粒子具有胰島素降血糖之功用。

人類血清中存在天然的抗體，能認識A型紅血球的A抗原及B型紅血球的B抗原，因此寫型不合的血液混合會導致血液凝結。在我們的實驗中，我們發現一種異體的血清與血球相混合也會產生凝集反應，顯示動物的血清中也存在認識異種異體紅血球抗原的天然抗體。然而在實驗是常用的基因相異的七種不同品系小鼠及一種大鼠血清中，卻看不到存有天然抗體可認識彼此血球的抗體而產生凝集反應，顯示老鼠似乎異於人類，血清中沒有天然抗體來引發彼此的血球凝集。而且抗馬血清可與經電泳分離後的馬血清在洋菜膠上形成三個沉澱線，但不會與老鼠血清及牛血清有任何反應。雖然抗馬血清與人及兔血清有交叉反應，但仍顯示出其結合的特異性。除此之外，我們發現來自不同品系的小鼠及大鼠的白血球彼此會互相反應並聚集在一起，顯示不同品系的小鼠及大鼠白血球可認識同種異體及異種異體的白血球抗原。因此不只是血清中的抗體，白血球本身也可認識同種異體及異種異體的抗原。所以除了人類血清中天然抗體及經由免疫注射產生的抗馬血清之外，為經過免疫注射的人或老鼠身上的白血球也具有認識同種異體及異種異體抗原的能力，因此我們認為不僅是抗體，連白血球都可當作鑑別物種的診斷工具。