工程學

Carbon capture and storage technology (CCS) has tremendous potential to enable the use of fossil fuels while reducing the emissions of CO₂ into the atmosphere, and, consequently, combating climate change. CCS faces several challenges such as energy consumption, cost, low practical applications and environmental friendliness. In this work, a new approach to carbon capture that is not energy intensive is proposed.

本實驗主要透過程式模擬及數據分析，探討受力材料之裂紋走向。透過模擬，我們找出會影響裂紋發展的因素，如原斷裂紋的長寬比。於不同的的材料會影響裂紋走向，我們將材料設置為單一材料與兩種材料組成的複合材料進行探討，並將結果進行分類。此實驗有助不我們去理解同的初始裂紋對不材料後續的裂紋關係，目前也正在嘗試利用cGan系統預測複合材料與裂紋的關係，希望能預測出準確的結果。

The theme of this project is to develop software to facilitate and innovate the design of low-voltage industrial electrical circuits. The goal is to develop a program that makes projects more efficient in terms of time, accuracy, and sustainability, automating dimensions such as calculating conductor cross-sections, protections, single-line diagrams, and analyzing with AI at which points industrial electrical circuits can be more sustainable. The 2023 Electric Energy Yearbook of the Energy Research Company describes that electricity consumption increases 2% per year in Brazil, and industrial installations represent the largest part of the national electrical sector (36.2%). As stated in standard NBR 5410/2004, when developing an installation project, an electrical professional works with several processes, depending on several criteria and calculations to present a reliable electrical installation. Minimal errors in calculations can cause damage to equipment, conductors, and individuals present in the installation. Using software to model these circuits optimizes time and brings more confidence to the project. This work aims to differentiate itself in this field by filling in the gaps in existing solutions for the industry, providing support for Brazilian standards, automatically generating single-line diagrams and presenting suggestions for sustainability in the circuits. The program is developed in Python, based on NBR 5410/2004 and engineering works. The software developed allows the user to size different distribution boards, motors and circuits, calculating the cross-section of the conductors/electrical protections, a particular transformer, and generating a single-line diagram in CAD. The program also presents suggestions aimed at sustainability to reduce material/energy costs. Tests were carried out with electrical engineering companies and students in the technical area, where the software presented high precision and very positive feedback from the interviewees, and it can be said that the work achieved its objectives.

Visual impairment ranks among the top three disabilities globally, with affected individuals projected to increase from 39 million in 2015 to 115 million by 2050. Despite this growing prevalence, over 95% of visually impaired individuals face difficulties in learning Braille (AFB, 2022). In Thailand, the issue is compounded by limited resources, with only 48 schools for the blind serving 6.5% of visually impaired children, alongside a shortage of trained teachers and prohibitively expensive Braille displays. To address these challenges, the EIBraille Box was developed as a cost-effective and accessible tool enabling visually impaired individuals to practice Braille independently. The device utilizes electromagnetic field generation based on Lenz's Law and electromagnetic induction, employing copper coils and varying currents to drive a Braille dot display mechanism controlled by a microcontroller. Results show the device achieves an average display rate of 30–120 milliseconds per cell and a Braille dot-changing frequency of 3–20 cycles per second. The production cost is reduced from 11,660 USD to 87 USD—over 130 times more affordable—while maintaining performance comparable to traditional mechanisms. Additionally, the device integrates with a web application aligned with the Ministry of Education's curriculum to enhance learning. The EIBraille Box is planned for deployment across 48 schools affiliated with the Northern School for the Blind. Plans include extending access to individuals unable to attend schools via alternative distribution channels. This project stores high capacity to achieve global reach by partnering with the World Blind Union, extending its services to rural areas and ensuring access for underprivileged communities. This effort seeks to promote literacy among the blind on a worldwide scale. This innovation strives to enhance equity for the visually impaired by enabling blind individuals to participate in inclusive educational environments alongside their peers. It aims to eradicate the challenges of illiteracy and ensure equitable access to quality education.

本研究以空氣為催化劑，降低KOH在水中解離成K+及OH- 的解離能，大幅提升KOH在水中解離的效率，配合以鋁板為電極，還原H2O及OH-，釋出氫氣H2。這還原反應過程同時輸出K+及H2為電力能源。利用解離出的K+組裝成鉀離子電池，同時以解離出的氫氣運作燃料電池，組成雙輸出埠電力裝置。本雙輸出埠電力裝置，可以分別利用KOH濃度及或空氣輸入量，來調控輸出功率。KOH濃度增加或空氣輸入量增加，均可提高兩輸出埠的功率。測試時採用KOH濃度為5M，輸出電壓達0.19 mV，電流達0.166 mA。採用摻雜0.3%鉍的鋁為電極板，提升輸出電壓達0.67 mV，電流達0.199 mA。在鉀離子電池2MKOH水溶液中串聯4組電極板，電壓提升至2.9 V，電流達5A，並能成功點亮LED燈及驅動市售燃料電池。再經電路板穩壓後，電壓從2.9 V提升至5 V，適合USB充電，顯示出其作為無碳排放電力能源。

The economy around the world is changing rapidly, with new ways of industrial production being introduced all the time. This is due to the Fourth Industrial Revolution. The main objectives of Industry 4.0 [5] are digitalization and full automation of production processes, which increase productivity and worker safety.

本研究旨在設計基於毫米波雷達的數位物理實驗系統，用於精確量化彈簧簡諧運動。傳統物理實驗易受肉眼觀察與手動測量的誤差影響，本系統利用24GHz毫米波雷達結合自製電路板，進行即時、無接觸的運動測量。透過設計電路板、撰寫韌體訊號轉換程式，並進行數位數據分析，成功開發了靈敏的毫米波雷達系統。我們利用彈簧簡諧運動實驗驗證了該系統，觀察不同質量砝碼對彈簧運動頻率的影響。實驗結果顯示，考慮彈簧質量後，測量數據與理論結果的均方根誤差從0.62Hz降低至0.35Hz，顯示出系統的高度精確性及穩定性。本研究成功解決了傳統實驗中的量測誤差問題，以毫米波雷達技術實現了精確觀測。開源設計有助於推廣至學校的物理實驗室，為學生提供先進的實驗工具與數據分析經驗。這展示了毫米波雷達在物理實驗中的應用潛力，並為未來教學實驗提供了高效、低成本的解決方案。

全球約有9千萬的兒童是視障者，他們的學習依賴著點字器材。點字書難以傳達3D (三維)圖形的概念，讓他們在理解3D圖形有許多挑戰，而點字書過長的文字描述加大了他們與正常同儕之間的差距。本研究旨在開發一個學習輔助平臺，同時強化視障者的觸覺認知和文字圖形理解能力。 在強化觸覺認知方面，開發之系統能將傳統的圖片，利用影像轉3D之人工智慧建模(Image-to-3D AI model)技術，轉換圖片轉為3D，呈現在開發的擴增實境顯示器上，讓視障者能夠親身透過觸摸立體顯示器之3D模型，瞭解圖片表達的空間結構。在文字優化方面，利用微調大型語言模型與搜索式強化生成等方法，優化視障者閱讀之內容。系統開發過程中，二位視障者進行體驗，持續以修正系統設計的便利性、友善性與有效性。 本研究成果為視障者帶來新式個人化的學習輔助工具，增強視障者對立體圖形學習能力與文字理解。

近年來，作者觀察到餐飲業及飯店業引入自主移動機器人（AMR）提供服務，受到廣泛歡迎。不僅如此，隨著AI的風潮，愈來愈多產業引進機器人補足人力的空缺。就輪式機器人而言，麥克納姆輪具相對優異的機動性和運動靈活性，但傳統麥克納姆輪的行進模式只侷限45度倍數的方向。針對此限制，本研究分析傳統麥克納姆輪的合力方向，通過數學推導和實際控制方式的驗證，確認其18個方向移動的數學式，再利用ESP32－S單晶片的WIFI驅動控制系統，實現並驗證 合力分析結果 接著，進一步 建立 麥克納姆輪的全向 360 度直線移動的數學式， 並且用 PWM 脈波調變，實現全向控制。此外，分析地面材質對車子移動的影響，測試出麥克納姆輪適合的地面材質，針對誤差給出可能的校正方式以達更精密的控制。希望就本研究結果擴展未來的應用範圍及使用價值。

本研究使用柔性PET基板，並將Al2O3沉積於明膠上作為介電層，製作電阻式記憶體-Al/gelatin/ITO-PET元件（AGI柔性元件)，期望提升基板的可撓性，同時維持元件的基本運作模式。為檢測元件性能，本研究分別在平面及彎曲狀態下測量其電性。透過施加循環電壓於AGI元件，測繪其電流變化圖，並分析元件不同操作狀態下（平面、固定彎曲、動態彎曲）的電性穩定度。研究結果顯示，AGI柔性元件在每次循環間電流變化小，且在不同半徑的 動態彎曲測試中，電流－電壓（I－V）疊合圖的開關比均呈現穩定。綜上所述，AGI柔性元件在兩種彎曲狀態下能夠展現低切換電壓與穩定的開關性能，加上明膠的生物相容性和優異性能，表現出其在穿戴式記憶裝置的發展潛力。