全國中小學科展

工程學

多功能數值控制微型射出成形機

高職機械群科在學習的過程中常常接觸到射出成形相關領域,我們想自主設計開發微形射出成形機,並和工業界生產的機台以液壓為射出機構不同。所以本專題以3D列印機的運動控制及材料加熱系統為基礎,利用變導程螺桿的加壓射出機構及螺桿導軌鎖閉模機構來完成射出成形所需的各個機械動作。變導程螺桿做出材料的輸送及射出動作,加壓後可將空氣排出,進而取代了原本注塞式和一般螺桿式的加壓射出;再利用公模、母模、頂射板和母模固定板所形成的射出模系統,進行自動化。由於機台微小化,操作方式和現行3D列印機操作方式類似,所以可作為教學之教具使用,亦可由同學自行設計模具進行射出成形操作。也能針對不同的材料做為射出的成品。

探討海藻酸鈉與卡拉膠對角膜塑型片表面物化性質之影響

角膜塑型術的原理是於夜晚睡覺時,採用多弧的逆幾何設計來壓迫角膜,使角膜表皮細胞重新排列以達到矯正的效果。然而在夜晚配戴期間淚液分泌物會吸附於角膜塑型片表面,造成角膜擦傷、感染。本研究探討多醣類對角膜塑型片表面淚液分泌物之吸附的影響。從實驗結果中可以看到淚液分泌物會隨天數而堆積於鏡片上且表面粗糙度有大幅上升趨勢,在進行了市售主流系統產品之測試後發現其清潔效果並不顯著,而我們藉由蛋白質、脂質濃度分析、掃瞄式電子顯微鏡觀察及表面水接觸角觀察可以得出加入多醣類(AA/CRG各4.5mg/ml)的複方清潔可以最有效的提升清潔效果。未來我們期望可以將多糖類複方清潔液帶入安全性評估及成本分析並成功商品化。

搶救生命大作戰 - AI姿態辨識在智慧型高品質CPR訓練引導式教學輔具系統設計之研究

本研究以CPR訓練模型輔具做為研究對象,根據專家說明CPR動作要正確純熟,除了依賴良好的教學輔具系統引導外,其功能上更需要有按壓姿勢的正確判斷,因此本研究藉助科技AI輔助,設計AI姿態辨識的智慧型高品質CPR訓練引導式教學輔具系統,經研究證實系統能逹到: 一、協助學習者熟練CPR的操作流程並解決訓練模型設計問題。 二、成功運用邊際運算功能提高AI辨識的速度。 三、拍肩反應、判斷按壓位置、深度更可利用壓力感測器及超音波感應器進行偵測。 四、能應用AI代替人類專家判斷按壓姿勢之正確性。 五、具專家模式且可獨立操作的CPR引導式教學輔具系統。 期望人人都能學到CPR正確操作技巧及爭取黃金復甦時間,搶救寶貴生命。

Development of an Audio Modulated Tesla Coil

Originally, the Tesla transformer was developed to transmit energy and messages wirelessly. But it did not prove itself for either of these applications, so today it is only used for research purposes. Over time, the Tesla transformer has evolved and improved. Today it is possible with Tesla transformers to generate powerful and highly precise controlled discharges. During operation, impressive high-voltage discharges occur at the transformer. A tesla transformer is basically a high voltage generator that achieves a voltage boost by using two magnetically coupled LC series resonant circuits of the same resonant frequency. The Dual Resonant Solid State Tesla Coil (DRSSTC) built in this work has a high power IGBT half bridge module to excite the primary resonant circuit at the resonant frequency. The IGBTs are driven in such a way that audible pressure waves, and therefore music, are generated by the electrical discharges at the high voltage electrode. Within the scope of this work were the following two questions: - How is a DRSSTC designed and built? The DRSSTC system realized in this work is about 80 cm high and reaches about one-meter-long discharges. The design, development, and construction of the transformer are documented in detail and extensively in this thesis. - How does one measure an electrical voltage of 200,000 V, which changes sign more than 100,000 times per second? Two approaches have been taken to measure the voltages. Derived from the energy balance of an ideal capacitor and an ideal coil, a secondary voltage of about 200 kV was calculated via secondary current measurement. The second approach uses a voltage measurement via an in-house developed measuring electrode and a calculated divider ratio between the measured voltage and the secondary voltage. A relatively unrealistic secondary voltage of about 750 kV was measured since the divider ratio depends on approximate values. Nevertheless, the measuring electrode can be used for investigations of the voltage curve, or the divider ratio can be calibrated via the secondary current measurement. The development of such a transformer laid the foundation for much further research and scientific analysis.

Line Following Waiter Robot

Technology is erratic. We never know what could be the next big thing. Nowadays, IoT (the internet of things) has taken over the market. Every technology created nowadays is somehow related to IoT. You should manage to connect the IoT technology with a robust area of hospitality. Catering customers' needs during peak hours at any restaurant or cafe could get overwhelmed with hectic tasks such as taking orders, fetching water, and ordering meals. We created a raw model to accommodate the limitations of the human mind. The technology-based IoT (Internet of things) can come in handy during hectic sessions. A Robot waiter is built from scratch using materials like Arduino (2), Gear DC motor (2), L298N motor driver (1), Ultrasonic sensor (2), IR sensor (2), Servo motor (4) HC-05 Bluetooth module. Desired orders are sent on a wireless network through the menu bar to the kitchen. Then, the robots transfer the food from the kitchen to the customers. The floor will be all white, while there will be a strip of black line to connect every sitting and the kitchen. For instance, if table number three is to be served, we click the number three in the app, which renders an obstacle in table 3. The motor barricades the robot, and the ultrasonic sensors sense it, and it stops. If anyone picks the plate, the ultrasonic sensor senses it, the blockage is removed, and the robot paces in the designated path. People visited the place more often to experience such stimuli. Using the robots attracted more customers and made the work very quick.

Line Following Waiter Robot

Technology is erratic. We never know what could be the next big thing. Nowadays, IoT (the internet of things) has taken over the market. Every technology created nowadays is somehow related to IoT. You should manage to connect the IoT technology with a robust area of hospitality. Catering customers' needs during peak hours at any restaurant or cafe could get overwhelmed with hectic tasks such as taking orders, fetching water, and ordering meals. We created a raw model to accommodate the limitations of the human mind. The technology-based IoT (Internet of things) can come in handy during hectic sessions. A Robot waiter is built from scratch using materials like Arduino (2), Gear DC motor (2), L298N motor driver (1), Ultrasonic sensor (2), IR sensor (2), Servo motor (4) HC-05 Bluetooth module. Desired orders are sent on a wireless network through the menu bar to the kitchen. Then, the robots transfer the food from the kitchen to the customers. The floor will be all white, while there will be a strip of black line to connect every sitting and the kitchen. For instance, if table number three is to be served, we click the number three in the app, which renders an obstacle in table 3. The motor barricades the robot, and the ultrasonic sensors sense it, and it stops. If anyone picks the plate, the ultrasonic sensor senses it, the blockage is removed, and the robot paces in the designated path. People visited the place more often to experience such stimuli. Using the robots attracted more customers and made the work very quick.

探討以不同方向風力為動力的自製纜車用來運輸之可行性

作品延續2020全國科展特優作品「風再起時」,本組將橫流風扇改成鋁製扇葉…等多項改善;以3D列印設計機構本體,並組合塑膠齒輪做成纜車,自製類低速風洞,提高風速避免亂流,完成實驗;作品經5次改善,具備以下功能: 1. 可以順、逆風行走各方向吹來的風均可以利用。 2. 纜車可以控制正反向行走。 3. 可調整快慢速度,以節省時間。 4. 設定慢速行走時扭力增加,可負載重量。 5. 在無風情況下,可使用電動馬達驅動纜車行走。 6. 在無風無電力下,可旋轉搖柄帶動纜車。 7. 在故障及緊急情況時 ,可打空檔滑向下坡方向停靠站。 作品測試:分別以自製類風洞測試,與不同坡度實驗,施予不同方向強、弱風等實驗,結果顯示:纜車扇葉轉速與行走速度均有一致規律。荷重實驗:本體重652.8 g,可以荷重1.6 kg,速度達 0.12 cm/s。

全向型風力發電機設計研究

本研究設計十個實驗討論風力發電部件的效率,首先探討垂直型風力發電扇葉(Vertical Axle Wind Turbine, VAWT)結構如何搭配外部全向型導風罩充分利用風能。我們研究全方位來風皆能產生正向力矩的VAWT,並設計出只要有風就可以正轉的VAWT,此外並設計扇葉副翼增強發電效能。並探討如何搭配外部導流板(Guide Vane, GV)裝置加強扇葉轉動以獲致最佳發電效能,我們整合水平和垂直型兩種導風裝置,可以將全向來風(Omni-Directional Wind)皆有效引導至推動VWAT之正向力矩,與用於發電。我們製作的風力發電機體積小效率高能利用各方來風,可將風力發電化整為零達成自主發電的目標,非常適合臺灣都會區風力有限以及建築物密集的環境。

IoT based automatic water temperature adjustor

This paper represents IOT Based Automatic Water Temperature Adjustor. IoT (Internet of Things) refers to the network of physical objects that are embedded with sensors, software, and other technologies for the purpose of connecting and exchanging data with other devices and systems over the internet. This system is for adjusting water temperature according to the possible surroundings such as home temperature, atmosphere temperature, etc. To solve problems like high water temperature while using, time-consuming waiting for water to heat and cool, high power consumption, and not satisfying water temperature this system offers the feature for automatically adjusting the temperature. Arduino, DHT11 (Temperature-Humidity Sensor), Bread Board, DS18B20 (Water Temperature Sensor), Jumper Wires, Resistor, I2C OLED, Water Heating Coil, Relay and LED are used for operating this system. The application of this system is very vast as it can be implemented in power plants, hospitals, mountain regions, local homes, and lodges. This system is time-saving, cost-efficient, easy to implement, provide automatic features, less power consumption, safety, and many more. Compared to other water geyser systems it has the feature of automatically detecting the environmental temperature and adjusting the temperature of the water accordingly. This system is still in its developing phase.

整合能量採集與儲存於單一裝置的染料敏化太陽能電容系統

隨著行動裝置與人工智慧的普及,物聯網的實現已指日可待,由於物聯網中感知器數量數以億萬計,因而整個系統對自供電的依賴也越來越深。雖然傳統電化學電池可以滿足大部分物聯網在目前階段的電力的需求,但一旦大量佈建後,更換那些電池便成為一件棘手的事情。因此,可以採集環境光能的太陽能電池是優先的選項,其中以染料敏化電池不受環境光強度及溫度的影響,且能以用網印方式製作在廉價的基板上,來提高太陽光照射的面積而不受基板大小的限制。在電能儲存方面,採用固態電化學電容,除了提高電荷密度外,也不受太陽能電池與電化學電池因電壓不匹配而造成無法充電的現象。並將兩種個別裝置整合在同一基板上,除了縮小尺寸外,還有降低系統阻抗的功能。本次研究希望能結合染料敏化太陽電池”有光即發電”的特性,最後達成能量採集及能量儲存於單一裝置的目標。