全國中小學科展

工程學

研發奈米材料快速降解水中偶氮染料及其自動化循環系統

本研究為開發可適用於染整廠去除有機偶氮染料使用的自動化淨水設備,於設計設備前先探討奈米零價鐵(NZVI)去除化學染料效率,並針對不同操縱變因進行實驗,了解其化學反應性質。 在淨水設備的設計上,運用區域網路間Webduino Smart開發板、行動裝置、Webduino Blockly進行串聯,進行手動同步操作或自動化控制,使染整廠不僅降低人事成本及環境負擔,也避免染料外洩產生不可逆的環境嚴重汙染,同時節省染整過程使用的水資源。 操作部分選用Webduino Blockly來直接操控Webduino,使設備能在短時間內作動,避免第三方平台問題,也可提升設備的適地性。為了使染整廠能夠以最低成本達到類實驗室環境來處理廢水,特將模組與超音波清洗機調整成物聯網模式,以公式將光照度轉換為染料濃度,進而控制NZVI投加量並上傳雲端資料留存;超音波清洗機用以模擬超音波震盪機,使NZVI投加前均勻分散,發揮最佳降解效果。 本研究亦切合聯合國17項永續發展目標(SDGs)第六項:清潔飲水及衛生設施、第十二項:確保永續消費和生產模式。

沙墨乾渴、水山爆發-白板筆之創新設計

市售棉心式白板筆是以毛細現象將墨水儲存於棉心,當墨水過量會有漏墨問題或無法將墨水以毛細現象完全導出。本創新直液式白板筆是類似鋼筆方式儲水,其物理原理與舊型棉心式完全不同,它是以內外壓自然平衡來導引墨水,實驗中以棉心吸水效率、墨水損失率與色彩分析相關的實驗驗證下,其可改善舊式白板筆的缺點。但新式白板筆仍會受環境溫度與壓力變化而有漏水狀況。本組以自製測試設備輔助下,模擬了溫度對應壓力的變化、墨管內空氣與墨水膨脹率不同產生漏墨與高山大氣壓力降低導致墨水溢出的實驗。根據實驗結果本組進一步設計以針筒活塞來調整壓力的新式白板筆,完全解決了漏墨的缺點,且此環保可重複使用的設計是值得持續研究與推廣。

IoT based automatic water temperature adjustor

This paper represents IOT Based Automatic Water Temperature Adjustor. IoT (Internet of Things) refers to the network of physical objects that are embedded with sensors, software, and other technologies for the purpose of connecting and exchanging data with other devices and systems over the internet. This system is for adjusting water temperature according to the possible surroundings such as home temperature, atmosphere temperature, etc. To solve problems like high water temperature while using, time-consuming waiting for water to heat and cool, high power consumption, and not satisfying water temperature this system offers the feature for automatically adjusting the temperature. Arduino, DHT11 (Temperature-Humidity Sensor), Bread Board, DS18B20 (Water Temperature Sensor), Jumper Wires, Resistor, I2C OLED, Water Heating Coil, Relay and LED are used for operating this system. The application of this system is very vast as it can be implemented in power plants, hospitals, mountain regions, local homes, and lodges. This system is time-saving, cost-efficient, easy to implement, provide automatic features, less power consumption, safety, and many more. Compared to other water geyser systems it has the feature of automatically detecting the environmental temperature and adjusting the temperature of the water accordingly. This system is still in its developing phase.

IoT based automatic water temperature adjustor

This paper represents IOT Based Automatic Water Temperature Adjustor. IoT (Internet of Things) refers to the network of physical objects that are embedded with sensors, software, and other technologies for the purpose of connecting and exchanging data with other devices and systems over the internet. This system is for adjusting water temperature according to the possible surroundings such as home temperature, atmosphere temperature, etc. To solve problems like high water temperature while using, time-consuming waiting for water to heat and cool, high power consumption, and not satisfying water temperature this system offers the feature for automatically adjusting the temperature. Arduino, DHT11 (Temperature-Humidity Sensor), Bread Board, DS18B20 (Water Temperature Sensor), Jumper Wires, Resistor, I2C OLED, Water Heating Coil, Relay and LED are used for operating this system. The application of this system is very vast as it can be implemented in power plants, hospitals, mountain regions, local homes, and lodges. This system is time-saving, cost-efficient, easy to implement, provide automatic features, less power consumption, safety, and many more. Compared to other water geyser systems it has the feature of automatically detecting the environmental temperature and adjusting the temperature of the water accordingly. This system is still in its developing phase.

Line Following Waiter Robot

Technology is erratic. We never know what could be the next big thing. Nowadays, IoT (the internet of things) has taken over the market. Every technology created nowadays is somehow related to IoT. You should manage to connect the IoT technology with a robust area of hospitality. Catering customers' needs during peak hours at any restaurant or cafe could get overwhelmed with hectic tasks such as taking orders, fetching water, and ordering meals. We created a raw model to accommodate the limitations of the human mind. The technology-based IoT (Internet of things) can come in handy during hectic sessions. A Robot waiter is built from scratch using materials like Arduino (2), Gear DC motor (2), L298N motor driver (1), Ultrasonic sensor (2), IR sensor (2), Servo motor (4) HC-05 Bluetooth module. Desired orders are sent on a wireless network through the menu bar to the kitchen. Then, the robots transfer the food from the kitchen to the customers. The floor will be all white, while there will be a strip of black line to connect every sitting and the kitchen. For instance, if table number three is to be served, we click the number three in the app, which renders an obstacle in table 3. The motor barricades the robot, and the ultrasonic sensors sense it, and it stops. If anyone picks the plate, the ultrasonic sensor senses it, the blockage is removed, and the robot paces in the designated path. People visited the place more often to experience such stimuli. Using the robots attracted more customers and made the work very quick.

陶瓷燒成新技術- 以家用微波爐及自製集熱盒燒製高溫陶瓷之研究Research on firing high temperature ceramics with household microware oven and self-made heat collection box

本研究以家用微波爐及自製集熱盒燒製高溫陶瓷,用於家用微波爐的集熱盒材料的材質以玻璃纖維為主體為佳,集熱材料使用碳化矽顆粒級配重量比為1:3(320目碳化矽:180目碳化矽) 有最佳的微波吸熱效率並半浸泡的方式沾黏3.02mm (10層)最好;集熱盒玻璃纖維與集熱材料碳化矽之間的高溫黏著劑,以體積比3:7(矽酸鈉:水)為最佳配比。以家用微波爐搭配自製集熱盒可於26.5分鐘便可燒結陶瓷上釉作品,與傳統電窯需480分鐘比較可大幅減少94.48%的燒製時間,且其耗費的能源可省去89.44%的電費,以家用微波爐及自製集熱盒燒製之陶瓷品與傳統電窯燒製之陶瓷品在洛式硬度儀上測試結果無明顯差異,是未來極具發展性的陶瓷燒成技術。

10公斤級聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯—氣態氧混合式火箭引擎混和效率提升之初步探討

本研究首先設計一5公斤級之聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯—氣態氧混合式火箭引擎,搭載軸向注入器(axial injector)進行水平推力測試,控制氧化劑流量,改變燃燒時間,量測氧化劑截面通量與燃料耗蝕率,探討其燃燒特性、推力、比衝值與各項引擎參數,並評估該引擎作為混合式火箭推進系統之可行性。引擎成功研製後,本研究設計兩種渦漩注入器(swirling injector),幾何渦漩係數(SNg)分別為3、5,將推力目標提升至10公斤,並進行地面推力測試,探討幾何渦漩係數改變對於混合式火箭混和效率與引擎表現之影響。經實驗後證實渦漩注入器能有效提高引擎推力,且引擎推力及燃料耗蝕率會隨幾何渦漩係數提高而上升。未來希望能以本引擎為基礎,將推進系統放大後,將其裝載於小型火箭之上,進行探空及技術驗證之任務。

磷酸銀修飾二硫化錫奈米複合結構:應用於光催化二氧化碳還原反應

本研究利用水熱法合成 C-SnS2光觸媒,再藉由化學水浴沈澱法(CBP)將 Ag3PO4 奈米顆粒還原在 C-SnS2 表面,得到複合半導體 Ag3PO4@C-SnS2。接著再分別以 C-SnS2 和 Ag3PO4@C-SnS2 進行人工光合作用,將二氧化碳還原為可用能源,並探討兩者之差異。藉由電子顯微鏡、 X 光繞射儀、紫外-可見光光譜儀、傅立葉轉換紅外線光譜儀、 X 光光電子能譜儀和氣相層析儀,分析樣品的晶體結構、能隙、吸光範圍和二氧化碳還原反應的氣體產物。最後,我們發現複合物 Ag3PO4@C-SnS2 的光化學量子效率較純的 C-SnS2 高,也就是此複合物能有效的提升二氧化碳還原效率。

Susanito, autonomous robot body temperature meter: support to reduce infections in rows

A variant of the coronavirus (2019-nCoV or COVID-19) was reported in Wuhan, China on December 31, 2019, spreading rapidly around the world. Owing to a plan to reactivate the economy, the Mexican government, requested to implement protective measures to enter establishments with confined spaces: wear a mask, provide alcohol-based hand rub and the measurement of body temperature, allowing problem when not have a fever; however, these measures cause long waiting lines, causing contagion risk. To support this problem, applied and experimental research was used, generating as a result, the creation of a robot that moves autonomously thanks to a line follower sensor. Dispenses alcohol-based hand rub and determines the temperature by means of an infrared sensor, checking that the distance is adequate, with an ultrasonic sensor, using a buzzer that emits a sound of half a second when it performs a normal detection, but, if it is equal to or greater os 38 ° C, emits a sound for 10 seconds asking the person to leave the line and go to a medical service, helping to reduce problems infections in lines

旋葉構型對泵浦抽水優化之探討

旋葉之細部結構跟泵浦效率有密切的關連[1,2],本研究專注探討不同幾何形狀旋葉構型之效應,我們先利用3D列印快速成形之技術優勢,做出50種不同的旋葉,分別有圓弧形、橢圓弧形及直立形進行實驗測試,並計算其總效率找出最高值的旋葉,編碼為A2-ea281-ia279-8。 將最高值旋葉,套入田口法進行優化,目標是望大。經過信噪比及均值分析後,發現影響總效率之最大參數是旋葉數,其次是出口角,最後是入口角,田口法中得出,重新設計的更細部參數的最佳旋葉是A2-ea28-ia23-8,同時利用機器學習建立迴歸函數模型,透過訓練的模型,預測出效率值,最後經過COMSOL Multiphysics軟體模擬檢測出A2-ea28-ia23-8依然保持最佳的內部流場狀況,並運用自行設計之簡易透明泵浦,進行測試與印證。