全國中小學科展

2003年

還我無重金屬離子污染的水世界

台灣西海岸的河川,常飽受嚴重的水污染,其中最嚴重者莫過於重金屬離子所造成的危害了。所以,本作品即探究:從了解【電解水的氧化還原反應】到設計【小型多重兩極分流電解槽】上,希望藉此設計能給相關單位參考,以為農田引水灌溉及養殖水域做把關的工作。最後並對長期以來校內涉及電解、電鍍…等含重金屬離子的實驗做徹底的減廢設計,以排出無污染性的廢水。;Rivers along the west coast of Taiwan have been seriously polluted for a long time, the most hazardous one of which has been caused by heavy metal ion. As such, this article aims at how to discharge a pollution-free wastewater by understanding first from the oxidation- reduction reaction of electrolytic water to design of a miniature multiple bipolarity divided-flow electrolyser. It is hoped that this design would provide related government regulatory agencies with adequate information so that they may be capable of doing a responsible pollution-prevention job in water irrigation for farming land and water for marine farming as well. Finally, the author may further add that this design has been through constant laboratory tests involving electrolysis and electroplating of heavy metal ion in the hope that a perfect design to eradicate wastewater can be produced so as to discharge pollution-free waste water.

修正駕駛汽車習慣之省油案

修正汽車駕駛喜歡猛踩加油踏板之習慣,把一加油動作分解成多段階級式加油動作,使自動變速箱內扭力降低達到順利變換高速檔o 達到節約能源.減少污染.提高效率之目的。The oil-saving project by adjusting the driving habits To avoid the habit of easily step the pedal to speed up, we divide it into multi-step fuel-filling procedures. Therefore, they decrease the wristing strength of transistor inside auto speed-changing box and reach high-speed brake smoothly. As a result, it can save energy, reduce pollution and increase high efficiency.

搖搖樂— 自然的搖擺頻率

一. 此研究是探討物體自由搖擺的現象,單擺和複擺是在物理學上常見的擺動現象,都是一種固定支點的擺動現象,尤其複擺運動時,擺動物體受轉動慣性影響而造成支點的受力,為一種拘束的第一向後運動現象。而本研究在探討多自由度自由支點的單一方向度之擺動現象。二. 本實驗從這幾種方向分別探討1. 扇形體在平面上之擺動2. 平板在圓弧面上之擺動3. 扇形體在圓弧曲面上之擺動三. 經我們實驗研究結果發現,在地球重力場中沒有固定支點的搖擺現象,是受到下列幾種因素影響1. 搖擺形體的形狀,其質量慣性矩的影響。2. 擺動物體與接觸路徑的相互影響。3. 擺動質量對擺動的頻率影響很小。This research explores the phenomena of swinging objects--- simple pendulum andcompound pendulum, which are constantly observed in physics. The inertial moment of the swing produces pressure to fixed points of support on which the swings occur, especially in compound pendulum, which are classified as restricted single freedom. The study provided here explores the phenomena of the frequency of unfixed supporting points. The exploration of this research develops experimentally as follows: a. fan shaped objects swinging on the plane surface b. flats swinging on the arced surface c. fan shaped objects swinging on the are-curved surface An impressive conclusion that there is no swinging phenomenon of fixed supporting points in gravity field on earth is achieved from the above experiments. A number of factors influence the phenomena of swings: a. the shapes of swinging objects and the influence of mass inertial moment b. the interaction between swinging objects and interfacing paths c. little influence from swinging mass to the swinging frequency

漩渦之美

本研究探討自由渦流中的穩定漩渦,自然界的漩渦分為強制渦流和自由渦流兩大類,自由渦流又可分為不穩定漩渦與穩定漩渦兩種。不穩定漩渦的水流不斷的從放流口流出,水面無法保持穩定。穩定漩渦因為有水源補充流出的水,水面則可保持恆定。本研究的測量方式有別於別的研究。我們將漩渦周邊的水壓利用儀器轉變為電壓,再利用流體力學的公式及一些自導公式將這些數值轉變為漩渦的各項數據,如水壓、流速。另外,我們也用攝影機來觀察漩渦的形狀及流線,最後總合而為漩渦周邊的結構。This study investigates vortex type 4—stable free vortexes. Vortexes can be classified into two main categories: force vortexes and free vortexes. Free vortexes can further be subcategorized into unstable free vortexes and stable free vortexes, the difference between which is that the surface and structure of unstable free vortexes do not maintain a stable condition because the water runs outward while those of stable free vortexes do because the water circulates with abundant water supply within the container. The study employed different means of measuring the vortexes from those used by previous studies. The water pressure of the spiraling vortex water flow was measured, transformed into electric power and then into exact values of water pressure and flow velocity by applying equations in flow mechanism and some self-derived equations. Besides, video cameras are also used to observe the patterns and streamlines of the vortexes. Based on the figures achieved, this study obtained a comprehensive account of the structure of the spiraling vortex water flow of stable free vortexes.

Automatically Categorizing Commercial Segments Using Multiple Computer Vision Techniques

The purpose of Computer Vision is to understand the methods by which humans\r process visual information and likewise to create computer algorithms similar to these\r processes. Through careful observation, a computer algorithm was developed to mimic\r how humans recognize logos in television commercials. After visual analysis of\r numerous commercial sequences, it was hypothesized that the key frames (frames in\r which the logo resides) could be found using the intersection of color histograms; the\r logo region could be found using the edge density within the key frames; and the logo\r could be identified utilizing a correlation method with a database of stored logos, scaled\r to different levels using Bilinear Interpolation.\r Color histograms were implemented using one-dimensional arrays with 24 bins;\r key frames were determined by calculating the intersection between consecutive frames’\r color histograms. The edge density was calculated by convolving the key frame with\r the number of edge pixels within a 21X21 area. The identification of the logo was\r determined by computing the Sum of Square Differences between the logo region and\r the database of logos on different scales; SSD values were normalized for different\r scales.\r The algorithm was tested on 14 different sequences and determined the key frame\r with 80% accuracy. By segmenting the sequence into two key frames, the algorithm\r generated 93% accuracy. The algorithm also identified the logo region with 93%\r accuracy. The identification of the logo yielded anomalous results. These data suggest\r that motion between consecutive frames in commercial segments decreases around the\r display of the logo. They also suggest that the logo region has the most visible edges\r within the key frame.\r Future study includes a complete overhaul of the logo recognition algorithm. The\r correlation algorithm (SSD) does not work accurately enough to be used. Therefore, the\r next step is possibly to look at the edge information about the key frames. As the Canny\r algorithm determines the edges of an image, it has to determine the direction (or\r orientation) of the edges. Therefore, a proposed study includes utilizing an edge\r orientation histogram of the database of the logos and the key frames. This would mean\r that the algorithm would identify the logo in the key frames by matching edge\r orientation histograms.

Expression and Purification of CD 157

CD157 is a 31kDa ectoenzyme that is expressed at elevated levels in patients\r with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The full function of this protein has yet to be\r determined, and the correlation between CD157 and RA is not well\r understood.

安培植物假說

在「植物的秘密生命」這本書中提到植物在電場或磁場中會生長的更好,我最近正好學到了電磁場如何產生,以及一些產生電磁場的方法,所以想利用螺形管線圈來產生均勻的電磁場並用安培右手定則來控制磁場產生的方向來了解電磁場在高低室溫下對綠豆生長的影響. 在本實驗中我利用鐵碗纏繞線圈的方式並通入不同的電流大小來改變磁場的強度,所進行研究所得到的結果顯示(1)綠豆只有在適當的電流大小下所產生的電磁場才可以幫助加速綠豆的生長(2)栽培綠豆的環境所架設的電磁場越高,越能持續讓綠豆的生長加速(3)綠豆的加速生長並不需要整天都通電(4)綠豆在N極朝上的磁場中生長的速率較S極朝上的磁場中要快(5)在較低的室溫下,電磁場加速綠豆生長的效應較能顯現 It has been mentioned that the plants will grow faster in the electronic or magnetic field in the book of “the secret life of plants”, I learned about the knowledge and methods of how to produce the electromagnetic field just now, I use the screw wire to produce electromagnetic field and control the direction by the Amplifier’s rule to investigate the growing speed of green beans under electromagnetic field in those different temperature. In this experiment, I use the wire to screwed around the ironed bowl, and make different electric current to generate different strength of electromagnetic field, the results indicate that (1) The faster growing speed will only exist in some strength of electromagnetic field (2) The higher ironed bowls that full of screwed wire will result in the faster growing speed (3) It will not need electromagnetic field all days (4) The green beans will grow fast in those north magnetic pole than those in south magnetic pole (5)The effect of electromagnetic field to increase growing speed will be significant in higher room temperature

A set for information the teacher attending to the class

The set consist two units; the first shall be at the school headmaster office, a box with some openings at the front in which the number of the class is written. In each opening there is lamp which lighting to show the teacher attending in the class, each class has a certain colored lamp.

以TiO2 觸媒材料製作廢液防污染系統

常常看到一些防污染系統的不實際及曠廢時日以致造\r 成污染面的擴大;最常見的為油輪漏油污染海面,而我們能\r 做的僅是利用攔油繩鏈(oil disaster)將污染海面的油污圈圍\r 起來防止其擴大範圍。從文獻資料得知最新的觸媒材料TiO2\r 可以在紫外光照射下發揮分解油污及廢液的功能。因此想以\r TiO2 為主題對類似油污污染及廢液污染的濾淨作一番探\r 討,進而研究出一套快速的除汙設計來嘗試解決層出不窮的\r 污染事件。\r TiO2廉價、無毒、穩定性高,為一種良好的光催化觸媒,\r 其實它早已被用來加入化妝品及口香糖中,以期促成人體內\r 外部(含口腔)的淨化功能。所以我們進一步配合空心玻璃球\r 粒的應用及TiO2 薄膜的鍍製來設計出具有分解液態污染源\r 的攔油繩及快速分解液態污染源的簡易濾淨系統。

Giving Bugs the Chop !

The purpose of the research was to find out if Manuka oil (an oil with natural healing properties which is extracted from the NZ Manuka plant, Leptospermum scoparium) could be used to reduce the populations of bacteria and fungi that build up on chopping boards used in the kitchen for food preparation. If it were effective, then it would reduce the risks of microbial contamination of foods prepared using the boards.