2003年

地震波會以橫波和縱波的方式傳遞能量，學校的教學大樓中地下具有蓄水池者搖晃的持續性感覺比較短暫，於是利用彈簧波模擬地震波測試不同質量的台車接收到的能量會較空車為多。並利用自製模型測試不同容器形狀和水量的阻尼作用，結果發現搖擺時，時間球形＞錐形台≒方形台；球形台裝有不同水量時擺動時間裝滿裝滿時＞未裝水＞裝1500mL 時；平行移動時則是球形台裝水2000mL 後鉛錘移動距離最短。整個實驗過程中由於未裝滿水的模型內部重心改變不規律，而且模型內所裝的水量因為不規則擾動經吸收的能量轉換成水溫上升的熱能，因此導致擺動能量的消耗造成擺動時間縮短，如果新式大樓興建時考慮消防蓄水池和水塔的造型和裝水容量，應可以減少地震時的搖晃時間，降低心理的緊張和物體因震動而產生的移動傷害。Seismic wave can transmit energy with transverse and longitudinal wave. The shaking of these buildings with reservoirs underground in our school for a shorter time, so we use spring wave to simulate seismic wave, and test the proportion of transmissible energy received from different mass of objects. The energy gets from wave motion passing on is bigger when cars carrying capacity than empty cars. And we use homemade models to test damped effect of different forms and water. At last we discover the time is Sphere ＞ Taper ≒ Square while they swing with different amounts of water, the time it cost is Full ＞ Non ＞ 1500 mL. When they move horizontally, the plummet moved shortest, when the water of the sphere is 2000 mL. During the whole experiment, the center of gravity in the models, which are not full of water changes irregularly, and the water in the models can absorb heat energy from energy disturbing, so the swing of energy consuming makes the time of the swing shorter. If the fire controls reservoirs, the shapes and dress up water volume of the water towers, are taken into consideration, the duration of the shaking of earthquake will be shortened so that our fear and nervousness will be lessened, and the damage causer from the shaking will be reduced.

Table tennis the fastest ball sport in the world has become so fast that rallies have become\r very short. My investigation this year is a further study into slowing the game down. Last\r year I studied the effects the newly introduced 2mm larger ball had on the game. I\r concluded an average increase in rally length from 2.93 to 3.47 balls per rally passing the\r net. Although a 16% increase sounds large, it was an average of less than 1 ball per rally\r difference. I came up with another way to slow the game down my aim was to find out if\r increasing a table tennis net height will decrease spin, speed and increase control i.e. rally\r length and to find out what percentage extent each height level has on these factors. I\r wanted to be able to present a finding as to the optimum net height for the percentage\r increase in rally length that is desired.

Many people in South Africa still use open fires for cooking. There is a\r large amount of wasted heat lost by four methods of heat transfer:-\r radiation, convection, conduction and evaporation.\r I constructed a vessel that would reduce heat loss, and focus the heat\r emitted from a fire onto the bottom of a pot. I used materials that were\r cheap and easy to obtain, so that those using open fires would be able to\r construct similar vessels to save energy and reduce pollution.\r The vessels were made up of a standard wire mesh frame that was\r surround by trial coverings, namely tin foil, asbestos rope, industrial foil,\r papier mache, ceramic, and 2 ceiling insulators.\r 5 mls of methylated spirits was burned in each vessel. The temperature\r gain of 100mls of water in a standard pot was recorded. 5 trials on each\r vessel were performed. 2 groups of vessel were found. Those that\r produced high temperature gains, burned quickly, and produced a large\r amount of soot deposits on the pot, and a second group that did the\r opposite.\r I compared the rate of heating from my best vessel to that of a stove as\r well as a microwave oven. Heating from the vessel was faster than that of\r the stove, and slightly slower than the microwave.\r I measured the heat emitted from a fire in a three-dimensional pattern and\r found that the maximal heat was some distance above the flame.\r From these results I devised 12 guidelines that would minimize the\r energy need, and pollution produced, when cooking on an open fire

本實驗係以台灣常見之數種植物(甘蔗、橡膠、破布子、苦苓)乾餾所成之多孔性碳棒鍍上銅和拷上Chitin 為電極兼電容，而以NaOH(aq)為電解液，製成化學電池。希望能研究出一低污染、低成本、能在常溫下經濟運作、並具有教學演示功能之電池。This research is based on the poromeric carbons which are made of several Taiwanese common plants (including: sugarcane, babul, Sabastan Plum Cordia [Cordia dichotoma Forst] , and Chinaberry tree [Melia azedadach L.]) by means of destructive distillation. The copperplating poromeric carbons later covered with Chitin functions as an electrode ac well as capacitance. Along with NaOH(aq) eletrolyte, a accumulator is then produced. The chief objective of this research is to produce a accumulator with low class of pollution and low cost, which is able to function economically under the normal atmospheric temperature. Also,this accumulator can serve as a teaching demonstration.

My project is about investigation on traditional medicines in\r Namibia. This is all about plants and different herbs that different\r people in Namibia use for medicinal purposes. The objective of this\r project is to inform the world of how valuable nature is and how we can\r try to conserve nature’s treasure so that valuable knowledge cannot pass\r away with olden experienced herbalists. Understandably the enquiry\r into indigenous medicinal herbs arose from the need to expand the\r possibilities of ones own medical practice. It was very important for me\r to satisfy our farmer’s thirst for knowledge, which is what I want to do\r with the rest of the world.\r In this project I have included most but not all of the plants that we\r use in Namibia for medicinal purposes. Seeing that some of these plants\r do not grow in certain parts of the country, I have also tried to clone it in\r other parts of the country. I have also made a powder from one of the\r plant’s leaves and tested it on several people within the country.\r To conclude my findings and experiments I would like to say, let us\r try to take these precious knowledge left for us from our ancestors and\r maybe one day in the future we might need it in some ways.

本研究由下述問題開始：將n1 個黑色棋子和n2 個白色棋子排成一列，規定第一個棋子必為黑棋；對於每一種排列方法中，同色棋相鄰處記為1，異色棋相鄰處記為-1，所有1 和-1 的總和記為 t (n1,n2 )。對所有可能的排列方法所算出來的t( n1,n2 ) 值求其平均值，記為a (n1,n2 ) 。我們先由觀察各種n1 和n2 值，得到這平均值的可能公式，隨後並嚴格證明其正確性，證明方法也經過多次精鍊到十分簡潔的方式。以此為基礎，我們並做了各方向的推廣，研究涉及下列各點：(一) 利用組合數探討原來的問題。(二) 在第一個棋子不限定為黑棋的假設下，求平均值a( n1,n2 ) 。(三) 將棋子由兩種增加到多種。(四) 改變棋子排列以及相鄰的方式。經由研究，我們發現，每一次愈將問題推廣時，愈能找出清晰的概念涵蓋並印證先前的想法。Our study starts with the following problem. Suppose n1 black chesses and n2 white chesses are arranged in a line under the condition that the first chess is black. For any arrangement of these chesses, an adjacent pair of chesses having the same (respectively, different) colors is associated with a value of 1 (respectively, -1). Let t(n1,n2 ) denote the sum of these values. The purpose of this problem is to calculate the average value a (n1,n2 ) of these t (n1,n2 )which runs over all possible arrangements of the chesses described above. We begin from observing various values of n1 and n2 and find a possible formula for the solution. We then give a rigorous proof for the formula. After some refinements, simple proofs are also established. Based on this, we also make some generalizations. In summary, the research includes the following: 1. Study the problem by using binomial coefficients. 2. Calculate a(n1,n2 ) when t( n1,n2 ) runs over all possible arrangements in which the first chess can be black or white. 3. Increase the types of chesses from two to many. 4. Variant the arrangement method of the chesses from a line to other configurations. During the study, we find that whenever we extend the problem to a more general case, we make the ideas for the original problem clearer.

本實驗中利用二氧化鈦能在常溫下經紫外線催化，分解空氣中的水分子，產生自由基的特性，攻擊幾丁聚醣中碳與氧鍵結的部分，使chitin 的分子量成功的從近50000 降解至3000以下；並可利用照射時間的不同，降解出分子量不同的chitin。此法不但大大排除利用化學法降解時廢液處理上的問題，而且還能利用照紫外光時間長短的不同來控制分子量的大小；又奈米級二氧化鈦(TiO?)在紫外光在短短四個小時之內就有很好的降解效果，除了節省了反應所需的時間外，降解前後幾丁聚醣的濃度也很高，因此所需的成本也遠低於當今利用酵素降解的方法。In the experiment, we used the properties of TiO? that can be catalyzed by UV rays and breaking the molecules of H?O and produce free radicals, which free radicals can attack the chemical bond between carbon and oxygen in chitin, successfully degrading chitin's molecular weight from 50000 to 3000.We also use different shining times to degrade chitosan into different molecular weight. In this way, we not only readily solve the problem of treating waste liquids produced by chemical degradation, but also control the molecular weight by different UV ray shining time. For another thing, TiO? in the nanometer level has excellent effect on degradation within 4 hours under UV ray shining. It not only cut back the reaction time but also produced high concentration of the chitin after degradation. As a result, the cost is much lower than that of using enzyme to degrade chitin.

Dipterocarps coming from Southeast Asia comprise about 53% of the world’s\r total exports of tropical hardwood products. However, the supply of dipterocarps is\r rapidly declining. The government is currently embarking on the establishment of\r dipterocarp plantations and encourages inoculation with ectomycorrhizal fungi to\r improve seedling growth and survival in degraded sites. Anisoptera thurifera (Blanco)\r Blume and Shorea guiso (Blanco) Blume rooted cuttings were inoculated with\r mycelial beads containing either Pisolithus PTG, Pisolithus H6394, or Astreus sp.\r Pisolithus PTG was collected from Acacia mangium stand in Malaysia, Pisolithus\r H6394 from Eucalyptus trees growing in a heavy metal contaminated area in New\r Caledonia, Astreus sp obtained from dipterocarp forest in Mt. Makiling, Philippines.\r The results showed that Astreus sp gave the highest root colonization (38%), height\r increment (86%), fine root (51%), coarse root (27%), shoot (43%) and total dry\r weight (40%) of A. thurifera over the control treatment. Astreus – inoculated plants\r had the highest shoot P uptake (41%) while PTG inoculated ones obtained the highest\r fine root P uptake (0.273 mg/root). The uninoculated plants had the lowest height\r increment, dry weight, and P uptake. In S. guiso, Pisolithus H6394, gave the highest\r increment (100%). Data were only obtained from four months of nursery experiments,\r hence, a longer nursery and field experiments should be conducted to achieve a\r complete evaluation of the physiological functions of ectomycorrhizal associations.\r Moreover, a wide range of ectomycorrhizal fungi associated with dipterocarps should\r be incorporated for selection of host compatibility.

SMS.Link-INTERACTIVE is a system that facilitates the exchange\r of information between a central computer server and a remote cellular\r phone user, and allows remote modification of data in the computer\r through SMS. A cellular phone with a GSM modem is connected to the\r computer physically via a data cable. A program in the computer is\r notified whenever the cellular phone receives new messages, processes\r new messages by first authenticating the user’s identity, then checks for\r the information being asked for, as well as the changes that the user wants\r to be done. Information is then retrieved from a database in the computer\r and the appropriate changes are made. A message containing the\r requested information and a list of changes done is then sent to the user\r through SMS.\r Tests were made to get the speed of the system. Accuracy tests were\r done to determine if the program was able to ascertain the validity of the\r user correctly, return the requested data, and change the specified\r information.\r Using this system, doctors can access a patient’s data and change\r prescriptions; teachers can correct errors in grades; clubhouse personnel\r can add memberships; all these from a remote location by sending a SMS\r request to the cellular phone connected to the server.

台灣西海岸的河川，常飽受嚴重的水污染，其中最嚴重者莫過於重金屬離子所造成的危害了。所以，本作品即探究：從了解【電解水的氧化還原反應】到設計【小型多重兩極分流電解槽】上，希望藉此設計能給相關單位參考，以為農田引水灌溉及養殖水域做把關的工作。最後並對長期以來校內涉及電解、電鍍…等含重金屬離子的實驗做徹底的減廢設計，以排出無污染性的廢水。;Rivers along the west coast of Taiwan have been seriously polluted for a long time, the most hazardous one of which has been caused by heavy metal ion. As such, this article aims at how to discharge a pollution-free wastewater by understanding first from the oxidation- reduction reaction of electrolytic water to design of a miniature multiple bipolarity divided-flow electrolyser. It is hoped that this design would provide related government regulatory agencies with adequate information so that they may be capable of doing a responsible pollution-prevention job in water irrigation for farming land and water for marine farming as well. Finally, the author may further add that this design has been through constant laboratory tests involving electrolysis and electroplating of heavy metal ion in the hope that a perfect design to eradicate wastewater can be produced so as to discharge pollution-free waste water.