2019年

一個裝有水的玻璃杯，用喇叭撥出大聲的聲音，便能觀察到共振的現象發生，玻璃杯將會不停的震動，甚至導致破裂。本研究將會藉由傅立葉轉換(Fourier transform)來分析玻璃杯的振動的本徵頻率，並進一步探討頻譜的峰值。另外我們也研究了不同水位的高低以及液體密度對於共振頻率的影響，並以能量守恆的觀點進一步推導出玻璃杯的震動方程式。最後我們也近一步討論higher harmonic，並且發現non-linear dispersion relation的現象，有別於我們對於f∝n的觀念。

Antibacterial Properties of Mānuka Mānuka (Leptospermum scoparium) is a native 紐西蘭 plant that has long been used by indigenous Maori for its medicinal and therapeutic properties, yet is relatively unknown to science. Many of our native species may contain novel compounds with practical applications in our lives. Research indicates that mānuka has anti-microbial, anti-fungal, herbicidal, insecticidal and anti-bacterial properties, and suggests that compounds similar to Grandiflorone (ß-triketones) cause these effects. This project investigates the antibacterial properties of mānuka leaves, using the bacteria Photobacterium phosphoreum for biological testing. With the recent rise in multidrug-resistant bacteria, it is now more vital than ever to utilize traditional knowledge to inform research and development of innovative new antibiotics, antimicrobials and similar biologically important compounds.

ARC Generator is a acronym for Alternating Rotational Convertor. The purpose of the generator is to convert rotational motion into an alternating current. What makes this generator unique from other generators is that it uses a combination of aspects from rotational as well as linear generators. The A.R.C Generator is a experiment to generate electricity in new ways, potentially opening new doors in the area of electrical generation. The final goals for the ARC Generator project are to: 1. Make a electrical generator that is unique compared to other types of generators. 2. Make a hydro power based generator that is simple as well as affordable for private use. The generator itself is split into four distinct parts: • The channels • The inner chamber • The core • The coils

此研究在探討「給定一圓及多個已知點，求作各邊或其延長線上恰含有前述已知點中之一點的圓內接多邊形」之作圖方法及圖形的性質。 研究當中，以反演的幾何變換結合代數方程式並透過遞迴關係，除了找到該問題之解的個數與條件外，並求得有唯一解之點的軌跡方程式，從中發現其軌跡圖形為一圓錐曲線，且隨著給定點在圓外個數的奇偶性，會有或為橢圓或為雙曲線之不同的圖形變化。同時也發現給定點本身使得滿足條件的圓內接多邊形存在之個數將決定該軌跡圖形與給定圓間之切點個數等的有趣性質。

本研究以實作字體風格轉換的生成對抗網路模型為動機，將Conditional GAN當作模型的基礎，探討pix2pix模型及其他研究的一些方法對模型會產生甚麼影響，以得出能最優化預測成效的深度學習模型。 首先進行的是前處理的步驟，將字體的truetype檔案轉換成模型輸入的jpeg檔，再以生成器（Generator）和判別器（Discriminator）建立Condional GAN的基礎模型，然後探討加入U-Net、Category Embedding等方法，以及訓練資料集大小對模型造成的影響，最後實作整合的pix2pix模型和CycleGAN模型進行比較。 經過實驗後發現，U-Net和Category Embedding都對模型的預測成果有所幫助。另外，對相似的字體而言，pix2pix的效果較好，而對兩種風格差異較大的字體則需用Category Embedding的方式，融入更多字體進行訓練以達到更好的成效。

本研究在於製造出一顆環保並可回收利用的電池，在顧及環保的同時，也要有更多經濟與日常的考量。 在電解液方面：藉由添加植物肥料中常見的含氮、磷元素之化合物，及金屬離子以產生氧化還原反應來獲得電動勢，如此一來，電池使用完畢後，還能將剩餘的電解液做為肥料來為植物施肥。 在電極方面：在政府教育的推廣下，使用後的乾電池都必須要進行回收以免破壞生態。據此，我們進一步從廢棄乾電池中取出電極部分並作為環保電池的電極運用，如此一來便能使廢棄乾電池重獲新生。 在外殼方面：我們利用可生物分解的甘蔗渣吸管為包覆材質。 我們已自製成功可產生約1.5 V的環保電池，後續將發完電的電池做為肥料並用來使植物茁壯成長，未來若能取代現有乾電池，那麼對於廢棄電池造成的環境汙染，將具有極大的改善效益。

本研究考慮的主要問題： 若非常數之連續函數f滿足∀m∈N,∃P(x)∈C[x] s.t.f(mx)=P(f(x))，其形式應為何？ (一)、若考慮函數範圍為解析函數，則f(x)的形式必為下列三者之一： (1).axn+b (2). akx^n+b (3). acos⁡(kxn)+b ，其中a,b,k∈C、n∈N (二)、若將考慮函數範圍改為：連續函數f:[0,∞)→C，則f(x)之形式必為下列三者之一： (1).axk'+b (2). akx^n+b (3). acos⁡(kxn)+b ，其中a,b,k,k'∈C、n∈N、Re(k' )>0 (三)、若將考慮函數範圍改為：連續函數f:(0,∞)→C，則f(x)之形式必為下列四者之一： (1).alogx+b (2).axk'+b (3). akx^n+b (4). acos⁡(kxn)+b ，其中a,b,k,k'∈C、n∈N 在本篇的最後，我們也將N的角色以其他正實數子集取代掉以推廣結果。

浮萍在逆境下葉狀體會有分離的現象，本研究證實：浮萍透過葉狀體分離，增加逃離逆境的機率，提升族群生存率。此分離機制受到過氧化物質(H2O2)的調控，逆境下，浮萍母葉節處(node)的H2O2含量上升並誘導細胞死亡，進而造成連接構造斷裂，另能透過乙烯途徑活化纖維素分解酶使葉狀體分離。我們也發現青萍及紫萍具不同生存策略：青萍對H2O2的高敏感度使其能在逆境下快速分離，進而降低其葉狀體間的內聚力，更容易藉由風吹或水流加速逃離逆境；紫萍則對H2O2較不敏感且內聚力大，以較大的單一個體及對逆境的高耐受性來渡過危機。蛋白質含量極高的浮萍是蛋白質補給品的好原料，期待分離機制的深入研究能應用在浮萍種植上，使其快速分離提升產量，應對將到來的糧食危機。

As our planet suffers the effects of climate change, it is only a matter of time before society will have to centre all aspects of development around sustainability. In the past, clean solutions for transportation have been dismissed due to the higher cost, and lower efficiency than fossil fuels. However, in the past few decades, there has been a steep decline in solar module cost, and and a steady climb towards higher efficiency. From my findings in this project, I have concluded that we are now at a point where we can embrace the clean, renewable potential which our sun offers. I have created and tested a proof-of concept electric vehicle (Solar EV), which can run indefinitely during daylight hours, provided sunny conditions. There are several mechanical features of my project which highlight the potential that renewable energy in transportation can have. Firstly the vehicle’s 500W motor is powered by 3 100W solar modules, and 3 50W modules, for a total of 450W or power generation. This means that when driving at anything less than 90% throttle, the Solar EV can run continuously without needing to stop to charge or refuel. Another design mechanism installed in the vehicle are three 12V lead acid batteries. These batteries allow the Solar EV to be powered for over 1.5 hours, which is useful during cloudy conditions, night, and most importantly, when driving through areas of shade. A unique efficiency component designed into my vehicle is the linear actuator I installed into the module racking system. This design element allows the tilt of the modules to be altered, to maximize the efficiency of the solar module array. At early or late hours of the day, it can be heavily tilted with the press toggle switch, or kept at a relatively flat level when the sun is the highest in the sky. I ran a series of trials to figure out whether or not the theoretical data matches up with the experimental results. After my series of trials, the bike was yet to run out of power. The solar vehicle reaches speeds up to 32 km/h, however comfortably glides at around 25 km/h. The linear actuator I installed allows the solar modules’ tilt to change . During different times of day or year, the sun is at different heights in the sky, however it is very important to maximize the solar potential. With the press of a switch, the module can be actuated to account for this. Lastly, regenerative braking captures the energy from braking. Using the reversible nature of a DC motor with a specialized motor controller responding to feedback from the brake actuators allows the vehicle to reuse energy that would otherwise be wasted as heat.

胃癌的治療方式以手術及化學藥物治療為主。本研究目的是研究中草藥白花蛇舌草的主要成份熊果酸(Ursolic acid, UA)對於胃癌細胞增生的影響。研究使用兩種人類胃癌細胞株MKN45及SCM-1。藉UA處理胃癌細胞之後，由鏡檢可見細胞數目減少，SRB分析法也證明UA會降低細胞的存活率。利用流式細胞儀，證實UA會讓胃癌細胞凋亡。進一步由西方墨點法實驗顯示，UA會誘導促細胞凋亡蛋白Bax及Bak的上升，並且降低抗細胞凋亡蛋白Bcl-xl及Bcl-2的表現。UA也會抑制訊息傳遞途徑p-Stat3/c-Myc/Cyclin D1。實驗也發現UA合併使用化療藥物順鉑(cisplatin)會使胃癌細胞存活率降低。經由周塔氏藥物合併指數及流式細胞儀分析均與協同順鉑能抑制胃癌細胞的增生,西方墨點法也發現pro-caspase 9 被活化，皆與UA會促進順鉑引發凋亡效應有關，這些實驗證實UA是cisplatin治療胃癌的輔劑，這個結果對中草藥白花蛇舌草的抗癌效果提供了具體的實證。