為「世紀之毒」找解藥！- 探討以Pseudomonas mendocina 菌株降解污染土壤中戴奧?
本研究採自中石化安順廠戴奧辛污染場址之土壤，篩選出一株純 菌微生物(Pseudomonas mendocina NSYSU) ， 其含有PCDD/Fs (Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and polychlorinated dibenzofurans, PCDD/Fs)土壤於實驗室進行微生物降解試驗，結果顯示約21 天即有 明顯降解結果；本研究同時觀察到該微生物能在汞濃度達50 ppm 之 戴奧辛土壤中，仍具有相當程度之耐受度，並進一步降解戴奧辛化合 物。 我更以標準品探討菌種對於戴奧辛類化合物(Dioxin like congener) 之降解效果，成功地發現這株菌種不僅對於PCDD/Fs 有降 解能力，對於戴奧辛類化合物也有明顯之降解效果。 由研究結果，明顯看出P. mendocina 菌株為「世紀之毒」找到了 解藥，開發出以生物復育改善污染環境的一種新方法。A dioxin-degrading bacterial strain Pseudomonas mendocina NSYSU was isolated from dioxin contaminated soil by selective enrichment techniques. In our previous study, P. mendocina NSYSU was found to be able to use pentachlorophenol (PCP) as its sole carbon source and energy source and was capable of completely degrading this compound. Moreover, P. mendocina NSYSU was also able to mineralize a high concentration of PCP up to 150 mg/L. In this study, P. mendocina NSYSU was investigated for its ability to degrade polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs) and polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs). Results show that P. mendocina NSYSU could grow well in media containing both PCDFs and PCDDs, and was able to degrade both compounds efficiently. In this study, isotope dilution method and a high resolution gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (HRGC/HRMS) technique were applied for the analyses of PCDFs and PCDDs. Investigation results reveal that significant biodegradation of octachlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxin (OCDD) and octachlorinated dibenzofuran (OCDF) by treating with P. mendocina NSYSU resting cells was observed. The results also indicate that this bacterial strain is able to biodegrade OCDD and OCDF effectively under anoxic conditions due to its facultative anaerobic character. No accumulation of inhibitory toxic byproducts was found in this study. These findings suggest that in situ or on-site bioremediation of dioxin-contaminated soils by using indigenous microorganisms or inoculated P. mendocina NSYSU strain would be a feasible technology for field application.
包埋酵母菌的幾丁球珠對含銅、鐵、鋅、鉛離子之廢水處理及應用
本實驗的目的，就是希望利用幾丁質除污的效果，再配合酵母菌所能累積金屬的能力，以酵母菌包埋於幾丁質的方法，吸附廢水中的重金屬離子。用Langmuir理論求得飽和吸附量，進而求出休眠酵母菌-幾丁質所能吸附金屬離子0.14─0.027(g/g)的數量，與活化酵母菌-幾丁質所能吸附金屬離子1.15─0.050(g/g)，並比較回收效率，以應用於處理工業上工廠所排放的廢水。 筆者在偶然的機會將處理過的蟹殼幾丁質固體置於石綿心網上，竟然在數分鐘內像塑膠般熔化，探討原因竟然是石綿心網上的某些金屬鹽所造成，因此筆者希望能透過這發現，用簡單的方法製造出低去乙醯化、高強度及耐中度酸的幾丁基質，並可應用在廢水處理上。;The purpose of this experiment is to explore the effect of using chitin and yeast plat to clarify the heavy metal cation, and that yeast plat works on the accumulation. In the process, the yeast plat is embedded in chitin to absorb the metal cation, therefore, by the theory of Langmuir, the impregnate absorption of dormant yeast-plat-chitin (0.14-0.027[g/g]) can be obtained and yeast-plat-chitin (1.15-0.050[g/g]) can be activated as well. In this way, the efficiency can be compared to apply to work on the effluent in industry. By putting shell-chitin-solid on the wire gouze by chance, we found it melted like plastic in just a few minutes. Some kinds of metal salt on wire gouze cause this change. Therefore, this easy ways can be used to makelow-deamide function group become of high strength and durable under acid environment. The results obtained from this experiment can be applied for the processing of waste liquid.
Self Assembly Mechanism of Water Droplets
這是一系列關於水蒸氣冷凝為極細微水珠的實驗。其中可以歸納為三大部分，第一部分是基礎實驗，將水蒸氣導引至親水性介面上，觀察冷凝水珠的結構。雖然看似簡單平常，但是卻發現：不同溫度的水蒸氣，其冷凝最初始的細微珠粒，尺寸相同；爾後溫度高者，堆疊速率較大，以至於最後同時呈現的水珠大小不一，尺寸不同！
第二部分，是針對冷凝水珠自我組裝機制的探討。實驗是將水蒸氣導引至密度小於1的高分子溶液上，並藉由揮發性溶劑快速揮發，將水珠粒「分層保留」以便更深入了解「解構」後的水珠群聚機制。在這組實驗中得到兩張有趣的圖片：
在討論時，我是從對流機制切入，嘗試解構上面兩張圖。
第三部分的實驗，是將水蒸氣導引到磁場及靜電場上，觀察冷凝的機構。這部分呈現出來的結果，推翻了一般「水分子為電中性應該在電場與磁場中不受影響？」刻板觀念，實驗呈現水分子：不但在電磁場上不易長大同時也有固定的散佈模式(assembly pattern)。同時也觀察到：水分子在正電場形成的凝結水珠較為均勻，在負電場則表現出較大親水性特質。這部分的實驗對日後研究細胞膜上水分子通道應有助益。
I have tried to ask a famous math professor if he can create a formula describing the ordered array of water droplets. “Then, I should study Physics first!” He said. Condensation is the thing we live with, being found everywhere, passing without notice. But we never know when it dose start? By coalescence, water droplets grow bigger, but are not round again. We used the polymer film as template and designed the solution lighter than water, so the minute droplets will sink to the bottom and layer by layer. After seconds we may have multilayers of ordered array. This experiment presented here is actually the diary of the growth of water droplets through condensation, upon volatile fluid, magnetic field and electric field. Through convection, it discusses the self assembly mechanism of water droplets and peep into the uniformity of the size of water droplets. In this experiment, convection and magneto-electric force did play important roles in the self assembly mechanism of water droplets. The topic is mostly concerned as we are surrounded by magneto-electric waves in today’s world. This is the first step in discovering the homogeneous state of water droplets, providing insights into the self assembly mechanism of water droplets with nano sizes.
漩渦之美
我們常可以在自然界中發現漩渦的存在，但其存在的形體與性質也不盡相同，為了研究漩渦的結構與形體，筆者分析出多種會對漩渦產生影響的因素：開始放流的水而高度、放流洞口大小、有無破壞漩渦結構的阻礙、單孔落流漩渦與雙孔落流漩渦、還有流體的黏滯度對漩渦的影響， 但漩渦是一個不斷改變的流體，非常難以觀察，且自然界的漩渦也不是說出現就出現，所以必須設計一個簡易實驗器材來觀察，並用數位攝影機紀錄下來，再慢慢分析，而我們也可以在這個實驗中了解漩渦的結構，和體會到漩渦所表現出自然界的力與美的一面。‧We can always find in nature of different swirl’s forms and properties. To study the swirls, we analyzed such factors, as the beginning water level, the size of the hole, the presence of obstruction that will destroy the structure of swirls, differences between single-hole-swirls and twin-hole-swirls, and the viscosity of fluid. Because swirls change all the time, it is very difficult to observe. We designed a device .The procedure was recorded with a digital video camera and analyzed it. The study helps us understand the structure of swirls and admire the beauty of swirls.
會變色的金屬—神奇的奈米科技
本報告研究內容，是利用電化學氧化還原方法合成金、銀、銅三種奈米粒子，以及探討電流是否會影響電解合成奈米粒子，在前半部成功地利用控制電解的部份條件，如界面活性劑、以及電流值大小，而合成出金、銀、銅三種奈米粒子，利用UV-VIS的光譜分析，鑑定其三種奈米粒子不同的吸收波長，其光譜出現吸收的現象是因為金屬表面特殊的表面電漿共振吸收現象而產生的。但是在本實驗中發現在UV-VIS的光譜中，電壓值的大小對金奈米粒子吸收波長並沒有關係，這些奈米粒子在水溶液中藉由界面活性劑的包覆，而溶解的相當好。 The content of thesis focuses on using electrochemistry oxidation-reduction reaction to synthesis gold, silver, and copper nanoparticles. We confer whether current of the electrolysis is an influence for the synthesis of nanoparticles. We succeed in synthesizing nanoparticle by controlling some terms of the electrolysis, like the micelle concentration, and current value. Using UV-VIS spectrum to analyse wavelength of three kinds of nanoparticles. The special phenomenon of absorption spectra is appeared because the surface plasma resonance on the surface of metal. From the UV-Vis spectra, we didn’t find the exact relationship between the potential value and the absorption spectra of gold nanoparticles. Finally, we also obtained good results in spectra observation, which meant that these nanoparticles encapsulated with surfactants were well solved in the solution.