本研究探討運用磁場來達到非接觸煞車的功能，本實驗採用兩種方式來探討磁煞車力，分別為馬達有外加電流及沒有外加電流的情況。首先本實驗提供一穩定的電源使鋁盤轉動，觀察加上磁場及把電源切掉後鋁盤轉速的變化。實驗發現，當馬達沒有外加電流時，磁煞車力與轉速及磁場平方皆成正比；馬達有外加電流時，電流差會與轉速平方差成正比。探討磁煞車力與厚度及介質的關係，實驗結果發現，渦電流常數與厚度成正相關，且當兩片鋁片中夾有介質時，渦電流常數較小。 This experiment is based on the magnetic brake’s practical uses and braking forces. We want to calculate the braking force, and also examine the factors that cause the braking force to differ.We attached a metal disk to a motor to make the disk rotate, then we control the distance between the magnet and the metal disk, therefore measuring the relativity of the distance and the rotational speed. We discovered that when the metal disk received a large quantity of the magnetic field (close distance), the breaking force and the rotational speed increased. On the other hand, when the metal disk received a small amount of the magnetic field (far distance), the breaking force and the rotational speed decreased. The magnetic braking force will convert into kinetic energy, thus, by using this connection and also by increasing the electric current to measure the resistance, we calculated the magnitude of the magnetic braking force. Hence we perceived an inverse ratio between distance and the braking force, that is to say, the closer the distance, the stronger the magnetic braking force; the further the distance, the weaker the magnetic braking force.

灰色理論近來廣泛應用於各行各業的管理資訊科學上，本研究乃應用灰色理論的一階微分中輸入變數為一項之 GM ( 1 , 1 ）模型，來預測台灣中部地區土石流主要因素雨量的月平均量值。本文運用三筆以上的歷史資料，作最近一年歷史性資料的預測，藉以驗證獲得其誤差（±△e）之校止參考依據值，比利用殘差檢驗所得的誤差校止數據，更能修止出精確的預測值，接著再做台灣中部雨量未來之預測，以作為未來雨水、土石流防治之參考 · 為了能迅速產生所要的灰色預測值，研究中並以 VB 程式語言及以Petri-net分析其動態處理行為，藉 GM ( 1 , 1 ）模型的專屬處理支援程式，以做為未來雨輦自動化處理警示與預測之支援機制。Recently Grey Theory has been widely applied to management information science in all kinds of areas. This research applies the first Level differential of the Grey Theory to put a variable in GM( 1,1) model to forecast the monthly average value of the most common precipitation, in the midland Taiwan earth-stone flood zone. This paper uses more than three historical data to forecast the most recent year’s historical data, which can be used to verify and acquire referential correction data of its errors ( ±△e). The aforementioned method can correct forecast data more precisely than the differential inspection. In addition, this method can then forecast future precipitation in midland Taiwan earth-stone flood zone and the results can serve as reference for future precipitation control. To rapidly receive the needed Grey forecast values, the research analyzes its dynamic process method by utilizing VB program and Petri-net to build a dedicated process-support program of GM( I , 1) model. This program will serve as a support mechanism for future automatic precipitation warning and forecast.

This study is to investigate whether colony of the spiny-weaver ant, Polyrhachis dives, have biological clock so as to observe the locomotion activities of the ants in the nest and find out if the Light period will interfere the rhythm. The conclusion is the colony of the ants get the rhythm is 23.8 hours during in L:D=12:12.There are ants not significant difference between large colonies and small colonies. While in Dark (D:D)the ants appears free running with 23.1 hours as the rhythm, so, the colony of the ants has obvious light-rhythm movement, showing that the biological clock will act on group and being controlled by light period. 本研究是在探討黑棘蟻 (polyrhachis dives) 聚落是否有生物時鐘(biological clock)，以觀察黑棘蟻在巢裡的活動情形，找出週期並探討光是否會影響週期。結果觀察出黑棘蟻 的聚落在有光的時候(L:D=12:12)以23.8 小時為週期，沒有光的時候(D:D)黑棘蟻仍呈現自由律動(free running)，以23.1 小時為週期，所以黑棘蟻的聚落有明顯的日週律動，顯示生物時鐘能作用在聚落上，且受光週期之調控。

The purpose of this paper is to study the roles of formic acid and formaldehyde playing in the Direct Methanol Fuel Cells(DMFCs).The assumption is now widely accepted that the Oxidation-reduction intermediate of cell like formic acid and formaldehyde will hinder the reaction of DMFCs. At first, we recorded data which measured the efficiency of DMFCs working under the different temperature of fuel, then we recorded data which measured the efficiency of DMFCs working under the different consistency. In the end, we compared the data we recorded before and chose the best reaction environment as standard environment for the future experiment. Then we discover intermediate has positive effect on DMFCs. we separately put formic acid and formaldehyde into fuel, and we discover the efficiency is better than\r before. For example, the volt stability and volt intensity of DMFCs are better. The above conclusion is mainly based on open current volt, equally volt and electric current density which is the standard of evaluation.本實驗主要探討甲酸、甲醛等雜質在直接甲醇燃料電池中扮演的角色，一般認為甲酸等是甲醇在電池中反應的中間產物，大多數人認為這些中間產物會阻礙燃料電池的反應。而我們先針對了甲醇在各種溫度下電池的效能先做出了圖表，並使用不同濃度的甲醇燃料來測量電池的效能並與之前溫度的圖表做比較，選出最合適的直接甲醇燃料電池反應環境作為添加雜質實驗的標準環境。接下來我們在研究過程中發現，其實中間產物可能對電池有正面的效果，我們發現甲酸、甲醛等對直接甲醇燃料電池的電源輸出有正面的影響，例如電壓穩定性與電壓強度的增強。在研究中，我們將甲酸等加入燃料電池的燃料(甲醇)內，模擬甲醇因不當保存而產生的雜質，針對添加物的濃度做些調整，以電池的開路電壓(OCV)、平均輸出電壓、以及單位面積的電流密度作為評比電池效能的標準，並找出甲酸等對燃料電池效能的影響，並進一步找出最適合的電池燃料配置。

高斯曾經提出八皇后問題：八個皇后在8 × 8 的棋盤上有幾種放法可以使任意兩皇后不會互相攻擊？我們在原來的問題上加上一些條件，改變皇后攻擊規則，使得皇后失去一條對角線的攻擊方向，稱之為「跛腳皇后」。我們稱一個在棋盤上放置最多跛腳皇后使其不互相攻擊的放法為好放法；研究跛腳皇后放置在各類棋盤上其好放法的個數和性質。我們分別在六種棋盤上做討論：（1） 在平面n x n 棋盤上，我們證明了其好放法與完美極致史考倫型數列之間的對應關係，並歸納出相關的性質和定理。（2） 在平面m x n 棋盤上，我們固定一邊長度n，做出n 較小時好放法數的通式；我們也將其好放法對應至廣義史考倫。（3） 在環面n x n 棋盤上，我們說明了其好放法與完全剩餘系排列之間的對應關係，並歸納出相關的性質和定理。（4） 在環面m x n 棋盤上，我們固定gcd（m,n），做出gcd（m,n）較小時好放法數的通式。（5） 在柱面n x n 棋盤上，我們證明其與環面n x n 棋盤等價，說明其好放法具有和環面n x n 棋盤好放法相同的性質和定理。（6） 在柱面m x n 棋盤上，分成左右柱面以及上下柱面來做討論。我們歸納出相關性質和定理；並固定一邊長度n，做出n 較小時好放法數的通式。Gauss had researched about putting eight queens on the chessboard on the way that doesn’t make any queen attacks another one. Thus, we added some rules on the question: the queen loses one diagonal attacking-way and become the “lame queen”. We call a way that doesn’t make any lame queen attacks another one “a good way”. We have been investigating the amount and properties of good ways based on six kinds of chessboard: （1）We found the correspondences between the “good way” on n × n plane chessboard and the Perfect extremal Skolem-type sequence, and concluded some associated properties and theorems. （2） On m× n plane chessboard, we fixed the length n of one side of the chessboard, and accomplished the amount of good ways when n is small. We also correspond the good way to the Generalized Skolem.（3）We found the correspondences between the “good way” on n × n torus chessboard and the arrayal of complete residue system, and concluded some associated properties and theorems.（4）On m× n torus chessboard, we fixed the gcd(m,n) （greatest common divisor of m and n）, and accomplished the amount of good ways when gcd(m,n) is small.（5）On n × n cylinder chessboard, we proved that this kind of chessboard is equal to torus chessboard. So the good ways, characters, and theorems on cylinder chessboard are the same as on the torus one.（6）On m× n cylinder chessboard, we separate it into two cases: left-right cylinder chessboard and up-down cylinder chessboard. We concluded some associated properties and theorems, and we also fixed the length n of one side of the chessboard and accomplished the amount of\r the good ways when n is small.

資訊時代的來臨，促使我們的社會型態大幅改變，無一不朝數位化的方向邁進。網際網路與資訊科技的快速發展，近年來影像資料庫和數位圖書館大量的成立，關於影像資料檢索的研究已漸漸成為一門極為重要的研究議題。在本研究報告中，我們提出一種植基於向量量化編碼法的灰階影像檢索技術。向量量化編碼法是一種極為簡單的影像壓縮技術。我們應用這個編碼法，來萃取出灰階影像內容的特徵值。同時我們也計算出整張影像與影像中間位置的像素平均值，作為日後檢索影像時過濾掉影像資料庫中不需要比對特徵值的依據。\r 我們所提出的方法能有效地萃取影像內容的特徵值並且讓使用者可以快速且正確地查詢到所需要的影像。當影像資料庫中存在與查詢影像完全相同的影像時，我們的檢索技術都能在第一時間第一順位檢索出這張影像。即便影像資料庫中不存在與查詢影像完全相同的影像時，我們的檢索技術平均74.3%也能在第一時間前五個順位檢索出最相似的影像。\r \r With the coming of the information age, our sociological system change extensively, and everything has moves toward digitization. Due to the rapid development of Internet, information technology, the rapid growth of image databases and digital libraries recently, the related researches of image retrieval have become a very important issue. In this memoir, we propose an image retrieval scheme based on the vector quantization to retrieve similar images from the image database according to the pre-collected image features. Vector quantization is a very simple image compression scheme. We have applied vector quantization to extract features from grayscale image. In order to speed up the retrieval process, we also calculated the mean pixel values of whole images and the central part of the image to filter the images, which are significantly dissimilar to the query image.\r The experimental results show that our proposed approaches can effectively extract features from the image and enable users to retrieve images from image database quickly and accurately. When images stored in image database match query image, the proposed scheme can instantly retrieve the stored image at the first rank. Even though images stored in image database query image exactly, the proposed scheme can instantly retrieve the stored image over 74.3% at the first five ranks.

茶由於其具有特殊的芳香氣味及口味，廣泛地被世人用為飲料，近年來的研究證據顯示茶具有促進身體健康和防癌功效，但茶中之成分，尤其兒茶素隨茶及茶沖泡方式而有所不同，因此對於茶中成分及沖泡方式的認知是一門重要的課題。 本實驗主要是探討茶沖泡方式及儲藏條件，對於茶液中成分變化的影響，探討的茶包含紅茶、烏龍茶、綠茶及其茶包。並使用質譜儀及高效能液相層析儀配備紫外光偵測器分析茶液中之成分，實驗結果顯示加蓋子的茶杯儲存茶時比沒蓋子的要好；成分變化速率又以未發酵的綠茶較發酵的紅茶和烏龍茶快；低溫儲存時，亦可延緩茶的成分變化，例如加蓋並存放於冰箱，茶甚至可置放至隔夜其成分均不會改變；尤其本實驗尚發現照光與否影響茶液成分變化甚鉅。;Tea is the most widely accepted and consumed beverage worldwide due to its characteristic aroma and taste. Recent studies have provided the strong scientific basis for understanding the health promoting effects and cancer preventive actions of tea. The components of tea especial the catechins are varied with the conditions of making tea. To understand and determine the chemical composition of tea is very important. Some investigations of the parameters on the storage and making of tea were carried on in this study. The kinds of tea studied were including black tea, oolong tea, green tea, and instant tea bags. A high performance liquid chromatograph combined with UV detector was used to analyze the components of tea. The results showed that the composition of tea solution is dependant of the exposure of light. The tea kept in cup with cover was better than that without cover. The ingredients in green tea were changed faster than those in fermentative black tea and oolong tea. The components of tea can be kept unchanged for a long time at low temperature. In refrigerator, the time can be extended to overnight.

陸域草食性動物的眼居於頭兩側，有較寬的單眼視野以便於逃避攻擊；而肉食性動物的眼居於頭前方，立體視覺較佳，有較好的距離感以捕捉獵物。我們利用Geogebra軟體分析台灣33種蝌蚪頭部影像資料，定位出每種蝌蚪眼睛的相對位置，並以數學幾何方式描繪眼睛的視野範圍。 我們發現蝌蚪眼睛位置可依兩眼距離分為“側位”(23%)、“背側位”(67%)及“背位”(10%) 三種型態。側位兩眼距較大，背位兩眼距較小。蝌蚪眼睛視野則可分為“前視型”(42%)及“側視型”(58%) 二種型態，前視型雙眼視覺區較大，側視型視野範圍較廣。我們將眼睛位置與視野範圍的數據與蝌蚪的棲息環境、食性種類及演化分類等進行相關分析，結果發現:1.眼睛位置與棲息環境有相關，棲息越接近水面，為「側位」；棲息越接近水底或是密閉空間，為「背位」。2.視野範圍與食性種類有相關， 肉食性蝌蚪雙眼視覺角度較大，濾食性整體視野較廣。3.眼睛型態與物種演化關係大部分相符合，同一屬且生態棲位相似者，蝌蚪眼睛型態會相似，如台灣狹口蛙科Microhyla屬4種蝌蚪都是側位型；樹蛙科Kurixalus屬的3種蝌蚪都是背位型；但有些例外，如面天樹蛙眼位與同屬艾氏樹蛙不同，可能與生態棲位不同，而演化成不同的眼位有關。

由於奈米科技進步，奈米材料應用在產業上具有多功能的性質。本研究使用不同波美度的色料餵食家蠶，以找出最佳的彩色蠶繭色澤，並研究其如何影響家蠶所結出的蠶繭及色料附著在蠶繭上的絲。同時對色料附著的蠶繭進行水洗、光照、微結構的觀察，以試圖找出色料與波美度之最佳組合參數。由本實驗結果得知，利用奈米色料溶液60 ml，在紅色：1.048、藍：1.058、黃：1.039 的參數下，混合飼料30g，可獲得最佳的彩色蠶繭結繭成功率、均勻度較佳、耐褪色與耐洗滌等優點，並且可獲得表面結構光滑且較細的絲徑，約為19.87μm。相對的，一般色料粒徑為微米級，色彩度優於奈米色料，但表面結構較奈米色料粗糙且線徑較粗，約為21.51μm，易於褪色及不耐洗滌。 Because of the great progress of nano-technology, it has the quality of multi-functions to make use of nano-materials on industrial property. The purpose of this study is to find the best colored silkworm cocoons by mixing different consistency of pigments to feed silkworms. At the same time, this study wished to explore how the different consistency of pigments influenced the silkworm cocoons that the silkworms produced. Besides, in order to find the better association between pigments and Baume degrees, this study exposed the cocoons under different lights, washed with different detergents and take observations of micro-structure of the cocoons. The results of this study are as follows: using the nano-pigments 60 ml in different density, that is, red:1.048, blue:1.058, and yellow:1.039, then mixed them with silkworms’ forage 30g , in this way, best successful ratio to get colored cocoons, desired high visual effects in color, well distribution, long duration and strong resistance to detergents agents are obtained. In addition, we can still get glossy appearance and fine cocoons; the wire diameter is about the size of 19.87μm. On contrast, feeding with the ordinary pigments, the degree of colored silk is better than feeding with the nano-pigments, but the appearance of cocoons are rough and the wire diameter is about the size of 21.51μm.

目前市面上缺乏簡單而精準的過氧化氫檢測法，我們參考Fenton Reaction 中，鐵離子對過氧化氫分解的催化模式，利用鐵、鈷、鎳、錳、鋅分子篩，測試他們催化過氧化氫分解反應的效率，從成本、毒性、活化能的多方考量下，選擇以分子篩來固定金屬催化離子，作為我們後續實驗的研究主軸。實驗的初步，我們選擇過氧化氫作為自由基，並著重於過氧化氫的分解反應。利用濃差電池的原理，設計出一套濃度檢測系統，由分子篩作為電極。鑒於粉末狀的分子篩容易流失，我們製備出陶土鐵分子篩，以陶土固定分子篩，並以此作為電極，搭配白金絲，透過能士特方程式，測出過氧化氫的濃度，且藉由電路調控放大倍率，可以直接控制檢測範圍。從實驗結果得知，鐵分子篩在處理過氧化氫的時候，不會有鐵離子溶出的現象，且其催化性在酸性液中可以維持，能不斷的使用，長時間來看，分子篩相當有經濟與環境保護上的價值。We attempted to provide a system for quickly determining the concentration of free radicals. The existing methods or techniques are inefficient or need expensive equipment, therefore, an inexpensive system is being sought for. As a preliminary study, we focused on the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide. Taking the Fenton reaction as reference, we designed a measuring system. This system includes a catalyst containing Fe or Pt ions for catalyzing hydrogen peroxide decomposition reaction. The Fe- and Pt-zeolite were prepared to hold Fe and Pt ions to avoid losing. Because the electrically induced potential would decrease with the decrease in the concentration of hydrogen peroxide, we could measure the concentration of hydrogen peroxide by monitoring the electrical potential. We determined the initial concentration of hydrogen peroxide in water from the initial electrical potential measured through the equation obtained from the calibration line. The practicability of this system has been assured after a series of experiments. We will further develop the technique for measuring other free radicals. We anticipate that this technique will be further developed for measuring other free radicals. Although there are several problems and limitations to be solved and conquered, one thing is for sure: this system is an environment-friendly and cost-effective facility for determining the concentration of free radicals in an aqueous solution.