全國中小學科展

二等獎

On the Application of Inequalities Containing Sums of Minimum/Maximum of Numbers

Retail inventory management is a crucial part of many businesses due to the high profit associated with it as well as the uncertainty around it, especially for industries with short production cycles and a complex supply chain.Proper management ofretail inventories can lead to decreased inventory costs, prevent spoilage and obsoles- cence, and improve customer satisfaction, all of which lead to increased profits for the company.Inthispaper,wefirstproposeextendingawell-knowninequalityandtry to generalize it to other conditions and similar inequalities.The inequality involves multiple variables and how the maximum/minimum values of a subset of the numbers compare to the maximum/minimum values of the whole set of numbers.Our main contribution is applying such inequality in inventory management to help estimate the total cost of inventory management, which would allow us to determine the shutdown pointforaspecificcompanyusingthegeneralizationsoftheinequality.Lastly,weshow thatourestimatesarereasonableandproposesomefutureareaswheremoreworkcan be done.

3D仿生昆蟲翅膀感測器設計-利用SERS偵測微量汙染物分子

由於環境汙染、食安檢測需求提升,然現有的檢測方式成本和效率都不高,所以本研究試圖用拉曼光譜(Ramanspectroscopy)配合表面增強拉曼光譜 surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS)解決訊號微弱的缺點,來找出成本和時間需求最低的檢測方法來進行檢測。我們選用金龜子、蟬和蝴蝶三種昆蟲的翅膀鍍上奈米厚度的銀(10nm)來試驗,以符合 SERS要求的粗糙結構和貴金屬表面,利用熱點效應和表面電漿子共振來增強拉曼光譜的訊號,在實驗中我們也對基板進行了各項檢測,包括 X光繞射分析(XRD)、原子力顯微鏡(AFM)、水接觸角分析以及電子顯微鏡分析(SEM 和 FESEM),也對比了各種參數,包括放置時間、鍍銀厚度、藥品濃度等,也加入了環境水檢測,我們也對比了諸多數據,並且找出所期望的成本最低效率最高的基板參數,未來也有望運用在河水汙染檢測或是農藥殘留量檢測,甚至能運用在藥品或是生物樣本檢測,可以說是有相當發展的潛力。

Look your eyes,know your life~A portable body detection device

本研究是基於去年的 PBC(Protect Brain Cylinder)作品[1],並根據評審指導將作品做了大幅度修改。相較於 PBC 需要一個額外的裝置,本研究僅須在手機相機前方,安裝光源處理模組,搭配本團隊開發的 App,即可清楚地拍攝出瞳孔影像。並經由 App 中的影像分析功能,即可在影像拍攝完成後的兩秒內完成分析, 並將結果繪圖呈現在手機螢幕上。偵測的時間相較 PBC,大幅縮短了 60%。 相較 PBC 僅能偵測患者瞳孔直徑對光刺激的反應速度。本研究除了大幅縮短偵測的時間外,在結果分析及應用上更有長足的進步,能判斷出以下的五種身體狀況: (1)瞳孔形狀 (2)虹膜脂質堆積環 (3)鞏膜血絲分布及比例 (4)水晶體混濁與白內障關係 (5)瞳孔直徑對光刺激的反應速度與酒測值的關係 本研究除了藉由偵測瞳孔來判定身體狀況外,更開發出了身體『傷口大小量化』功能。希望協助醫護人員一機在手,即可解決上列的臨床問題。

HandExo

Stroke is a very common disease, almost a national disease. In terms of stroke frequency, 匈牙利 ranks second in the world. Every year, 40-50 thousand people become paralyzed or permanently injured as a result of cerebrovascular disorders. This number is three to four times higher than in developed countries. Almost every Hungarian family is affected! Of course, saving the life of someone who has a stroke is the most important thing, but rehabilitation is also very important, since only with the help of a physiotherapist will the patient be able to live a full life.

Inclined Sedimentation of Suspensions: Theoretical and Experimental Investigation into the Boycott Effect

The Boycott Effect is a phenomenon where sedimentation rate can be increased by tilting the container which holds the suspension, making it a way to increase the efficiency of the process without additional energy input. This makes the Boycott Effect valuable in speeding up and optimising a multitude of industrial applications such as wastewater management and food processing, all of which employ sedimentation to separate particulate matter from the fluids in which they are suspended in. Thus, it is imperative to model the Boycott Effect accurately for a wide range of cases, including arbitrary shaped containers and suspensions of various concentrations without the need to run costly, computationally expensive numerical simulations. In this project I investigated the inclined sedimentation of suspensions both theoretically and experimentally. Experimentally, two image tracking programs were created and tested out on my own experimental videos. I demonstrated the use of a novel method for making use of the Beer-Lambert Law to optically keep track of local concentration of suspensions. This method allows more information to be gathered about the sedimentation process in a very low-cost, non-equipment intensive or invasive way. Theoretically, I expanded upon the well-known analytical 2D PNK theory by accounting for concentration-hindering and sediment build-up effects, as well as the geometrical theory for 3D cylindrical geometries. All parts of the theoretical model were verified with experimental data and shown to have good agreement. (233 words)

邁向淨零之低碳海水淡化整合技術

「2030 永續發展目標」,其中 SDG6 clean water 和 SDG13 的 climate action 讓我們開始思考怎麼樣可以讓人人能享有乾淨衛生的水以及面對氣候變遷的調適。我們建置一套液流式脫鹽電池實作海水淡化實驗,並將電極以碳布作修飾, 在 0.4 V 的操作條件下進行了 450 分鐘的海水淡化實驗。海水的導電度在淡室中從 45.36mS/cm 降至 0.29 mS/cm,並於濃室中提升至 76.17mS/cm。其 ASRR 為726.98μg/min/cm2,所需能耗為 55.29kJ/mol,電荷效率達 69.79%,成功的將海水淡化。分離後的鹵水再與二氧化碳及澎湖的玄武岩進行礦化反應實驗,在鹵水溶液礦化封存反應初期,二氧化碳與水溶液中大量的陽離子反應使得水溶液整體的濃度及 pH 值下降,使得整體反應趨向於玄武岩溶解反應;而隨著反應時間的增加玄武岩溶解量逐漸提高,水溶液中的陽離子濃度及 pH 值再度上升,使得整體反應自溶解狀態朝著礦化沉澱方向發展,在得到珍貴的水資源的同時還可將二氧化碳礦化,達到淨零的目標。

苧麻線微流體應用於工業廢水全範圍濃度量測

以台灣常見的植物”苧麻”所製之纖維線作為線微流體應用,開發出低成本、操作便利、量測信度高的工廠汙染物濃度判斷用模組。以線微流體進行了 鉛離子、銅離子、硫氰根、磷酸根,亞甲藍及剛果紅的濃度量測。這些經常於 工業製程上或是紡織業所產生的汙染源,透過線微流體分析,檢測濃度最高可 由 2.0g/L 到最低 0.4g/L,且獲得判定係數(R2)達 0.98 以上完整的檢量線,該模組可以進行相當準確的汙染源濃度檢測。此外,本研究也探討苧麻線微流體 在不同的待測物上所呈現的各種數值回歸。除了有線性回歸之外,亦發現也有 對數回歸。透過黏度的實驗,來探討微流體濃度與層析長度之間的關聯性,可 快速建立待測物檢測檢量線是否存在的方法。

利用Chain-of-thought Prompt優化ChatGPT邏輯推理方面的能力

ChatGPT 問世後,許多問題皆已能由其回答。然而在邏輯方面的問題,ChatGPT 免費版有著明顯的不足,時常出現似是而非的答案。為了解決此問題,本研究利用連線 ChatGPT API,使用四種 Chain-of-thought prompt 的方式,將問題分解成若干個子問題,利用子問題們提供原問題較多的資訊以降低在解題過程出現的錯誤。最後分析四種方法的優劣,四種方法各有優缺,並無一方法於所有題目皆正確率最高。

探討C1GALT1與IL-1受體醣基化在關節炎中的角色並尋找可能的治療藥物

C1GALT1為氧型醣基化的關鍵基因,若以 IL-1β與 TGF-β刺激 ATDC5細胞株模擬關節炎,C1GALT1 的mRNA 與蛋白質表現量增加,而這樣的趨勢在誘導關節炎的小鼠軟骨組織中也可以觀察到。抑制 C1GALT1 的mRNA 後,促炎基因-一氧化氮合酶(iNOS)與第二型膠原蛋白基因(Collagen II)的 mRNA 表現量下降,代表 C1GALT1 參與了促進發炎的調控路徑。透過以大數據為基礎的 NetOGlyc-4.0平台分析,我們發現小鼠和人類的 IL-1β受體上都含有可能的氧型醣基化位點,C1GALT1 可能透過醣基化 IL-1 受體以增加 iNOS 的表現,進而促進發炎。抑制 C1GALT1的mRNA會使 IL-1R1的蛋白質表現量下降,而抑制 C1GALT1的mRNA或是蛋白質皆可使 IL-1R1在核周內膜系統中的表現量減少,代表 C1GALT1所促進的醣基化修飾是調控 IL-1R1形成的關鍵,抑制 C1GALT1可能具有減緩關節炎的療效。伊曲康挫(Itraconazole)可抑制 C1GALT1 且對人體傷害極小,透過老藥新用,或許能夠應用於治療關節炎。

Design of a new Hydrogen Fueled Hybrid Car Prototype

The proposed project involves a new water-fueled hybrid car prototype that integrates various technologies, including photovoltaic (PV) panels, electrolysis, a fuel cell, a metal hydride tank, and a battery. The car is equipped with PV panels on its surface, such as the roof or hood, which convert solar energy into electricity. This electricity powers a DC motor that propels the vehicle. Excess electricity can be stored in a battery or used in an electrolysis system to split water into hydrogen and oxygen. The hydrogen is stored in a metal hydride tank for later use. Metal hydrides are materials capable of absorbing and releasing hydrogen gas, providing a safe and compact storage solution. The fuel cell converts hydrogen into electricity to power the DC motor when sunlight is not available. This hybrid system allows for direct solar-powered operation while also storing excess energy as hydrogen. Experimental tests were conducted on a prototype of this water-fueled car, with the fuel cell serving as a backup power source to ensure continuous operation even without solar energy. This concept offers several advantages, including the use of renewable solar energy, zero emissions during fuel cell operation, and the ability to store and utilize excess energy.