二等獎

槍蝦閉合大螯所發出聲響為海洋珊瑚礁生態系中最主要的聲源，其聲音受多項環境因子影響，具有分析珊瑚礁生態系健康程度的可行性。本研究利用基隆潮境海域蒐集到的高時間密度採樣資料，嘗試分析槍蝦聲響在不同時間尺度下的變化與水溫、光度之關聯性，比較不同觀測期間與深度之資料，了解槍蝦聲響之特性。 研究結果顯示槍蝦聲響在長時間尺度下與水溫呈現高度正相關，且相同觀測期間、不同深度的兩筆資料變化趨勢相似；但相同深度、不同觀測期間的紀錄不僅變化趨勢與季節差異相關，整體數值也不同。槍蝦聲響每日亦具有規律的晝夜週期性變化，在清晨、黃昏出現高峰，白天期間與光度呈現負相關，夜晚期間與水溫高度正相關。最後，聲響峰值出現時間與日出日落時間最為相關，不同季節下之晝夜長短差異更造成顯著影響，不過仍會受水中實際接受到的光度影響。

習得性無助是個體經多次追求獎賞或逃離困境失敗後產生的一種消極行為表現。習得性無助的行為研究雖多，但對其神經機制的研究卻甚少。 本研究發現273,cha-Gal80>CsC-mCh是適合光遺傳學訓練的果蠅殖系。在白光點獎賞記憶訓練中，使273,cha-Gal80>CsC-mCh果蠅學會白光點視覺訊號代表著獎賞，並發現其白光獎賞記憶能持續7分鐘以上但未達10分鐘。藉已建立白光視覺訊號與獎賞連結的273,cha-Gal80>CsC-mCh，發現重複追求獎賞失敗的實驗組，相較於持續接受獎賞與完成獎賞記憶訓練而無任何操作的對照組，明顯表現習得性無助，本研究亦發現習得性無助個體也表現了活動力、覓食表現及攝食動機的下降。 本研究成功建立高成效的果蠅成蟲光遺傳學習得性無助訓練，並針對果蠅成蟲的習得性無助行為表現進行完整的研究，未來期望本於此訓練方式進行特定腦區、神經群和神經傳遞物之探究，建構果蠅習得性無助的神經網路機制。

工業環境中揮發性有機化合物(VOCs)的洩漏不僅危害人體健康，更可能導致工安事故。現有氣體感測器常存在選擇性低、反應時間長等限制。本研究開發高選擇性與快速反應的奈米材料導電式氣體感測器，以實現即時監測。 研究中合成並測試六種銀奈米 (Ag-MPC)材料：Ag@C6、Ag@C12、Ag@C16、Ag@MCP、Ag@C12/MCP及Ag@C12/MBT複合材料。在500-5000 ppm濃度範圍內偵測1-丁醇、正辛烷及間二甲苯等目標氣體的電阻變化。實驗結果顯示，Ag@C12經官能基修飾後，對1-丁醇具有明顯的選擇性。我們開發基於Arduino微控制器的即時監測系統，透過運算放大器電路實現高精度的電阻變化檢測。可以在工業環境中持續監測VOCs濃度並即時示警。未來將著重於優化訊號放大電路、開發新型官能基修飾材料、實現複雜氣體混合物的組分分析。開發成本低、反應快、選擇性好的感測系統，為工業安全監測領域提供實際應用價值。

When a leaf of a plant encounters stress, how does the plant convey the stress signal to other tissues and manage nutrient distribution? This field of study has been largely unexplored. However, the unique interconnected frond structure of Lemna trisulca, along with the use of a divided Petri dish, is very suitable for handling localized stress and investigating the mechanisms of intracellular signaling and nutrient distribution. Research has shown that when the mother leaf experiences localized stress, it releases healthy daughter leaves to minimize collateral damage to the daughter leaves. Conversely, when the daughter leaves face localized stress, the mother leaf chooses to retain them and continues supplying them with nutrients to support their survival. In-depth studies revealed that stressed daughter leaves accumulate Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS), triggering nutrient distribution by sending a distress signal to the mother leaf. This prompts the mother leaf to use Ca2+ as a signaling molecule to deliver nutrients to the daughter leaves. Selective detachment is regulated and triggered by the interaction between Ca2+ and ROS within the mother leaf. When the mother leaf undergoes stress, Ca2+ acts upstream to induce ROS accumulation at the nodes, sending a unidirectional detachment signal to the daughter leaves. This causes ROS accumulation at the daughter leaf nodes, inducing detachment and thereby reducing the collateral damage the daughter leaf could experience due to the mother leaves.

On average, the agricultural sector uses 70% of water withdrawals worldwide to produce crops1 and contributes to the eutrophication of lakes by using nutrients that are leached from the soils into lakes and reservoirs2. Vertical farming has great potential to remedy some of these issues. By growing plants vertically in controlled environments with artificial light and reusing the water, vertical farms use op to 99% less water3 and can produce up to 10 times the yield per square meter4 compared to traditional greenhouses. This improved efficiency comes at a cost; on average, vertical farms use more than 600% more energy per kilogramme of crop compared to traditional greenhouses5. 55% of this energy use is due to the use of artificial lighting6. Even though a lot of research is conducted on yield optimisation of crops in vertical farming, few research articles focus on the growth efficiency of crops to reduce the energy use in vertical farms. Only a few previous studies have tested photoperiods under 10 h·d-1. This study focuses on reducing the energy costs of light use in vertical farms by finding the photoperiod with highest energy use efficiency for the leafy vegetable arugula (eruca sativa). Energy use efficiency is defined as fresh mass per unit of electricity input (measured in kWh). In this study, arugula plants were exposed to LED growth light, with photoperiods ranging from 0 h·d-1 to 24 h·d-1 (0 h·d-1, 4 h·d-1, 7 h·d-1, 9 h·d-1, 12 h·d-1, 14 h·d-1, 16 h·d-1 and 24 h·d-1) and a PPFD of 800 μmol·m-2·s-1. The photoperiod 7 h·d-1 had the highest energy use efficiency of all photoperiods and, if used in vertical farms, this could account for approximately a 10 percent decrease in energy per kilogramme used in vertical farms (a 4 kWh decrease), with the planting density of 1400 plants per m2. This could amount to a yearly energy saving of 4,000,000 kWh per vertical farm (based on the yearly harvest of the vertical farm Nordic Harvest). This could help make vertical farming a more sustainable plant production for the future and in turn, help farming protect our water resources instead of consuming and polluting.

本研究結合奈米合成技術與生物醫學， 利用表沒食子兒茶素沒食子酸酯 (Epigallocatechin gallate, EGCG) 作為載體 調控摻雜Cu2+/Cu3+與 Fe2+/Fe3+之含量 並以π-π交互作用力附載缺氧性抗癌藥物替拉扎明 (Tirapazamine, TPZ) 成功製備出多功能金屬多酚配位奈米顆粒簡稱為EFeCuTPZ。 材料經紫外-可見光譜 (UV-vis)，、動態光散射 (DLS) 及掃描式電子顯微鏡 (SEM) 確認其粒徑大小、形貌學與穩定性。利用808 nm和671 nm雷射分析其光熱轉換效率 評估光熱療法效果，。在腫瘤微酸性環境下， EFeCuTPZ可利用高濃度之H2O2行芬頓反應 (Fenton Reaction) 產生高活性之氫氧自由基 (•OH)， 展現化學動力療法 (Chemo dynamic-therapy, CDT)，。同時， 藉由材料中的Cu²⁺與腫瘤環境中的穀胱甘肽 (Glutathione, GSH)反應減少高活性物質 (Reactive oxygen species, ROS) 的消耗 增強CDT之療效。酸性條件下 TPZ顯著釋放 有助於腫瘤治療。 另外， 細胞實驗顯示EFeCuTPZ具有高生物相容性與治療效果， 成功開發出具CDT，、CT及PTT功能之奈米複合材料 為醫學新興藥物材料提供可能性。

n個圓圈以一維排列所構成圖形中，若指定當中一圓圈塗色時，其左右相鄰圓圈各有1/2機率被塗色，欲求出使得該圖形之指定塗色次數的期望值達最小之最優化塗色方法。本研究共探討了n個圓圈之「直線排列」、「環狀排列」與n個圓圈及m個圓圈之「環狀結合直線排列」等三種圖形。

為了解台灣梅雨季的氣候特徵，本研究分析了2009至2024年間五、六月的降雨、風場流型及大氣環境。結果顯示，東北部冬季多雨，而西部地區則自五月梅雨季開始進入雨季，台灣的降雨區域逐漸南移，顯示大氣環境在此期間發生變化。我們分析了16年間的風場情形，歸納出7種單一風向流型及2種過渡流型，並整合其趨勢。我們發現，梅雨季期間，寒冷流型的出現頻率逐漸減少，而溫暖流型在夏季成為主流，不同流型之間的轉變具趨勢性。整合降雨資料後，結果顯示盛行風、低壓帶、地形效應與過渡流型對降雨有顯著影響，且發現致災性梅雨的發生條件。最後，本研究設計模擬裝置，利用不同密度的海藻酸鈉溶液與台灣模型，可模擬出符合本研究歸納的流型。

When a leaf of a plant encounters stress, how does the plant convey the stress signal to other tissues and manage nutrient distribution? This field of study has been largely unexplored. However, the unique interconnected frond structure of Lemna trisulca, along with the use of a divided Petri dish, is very suitable for handling localized stress and investigating the mechanisms of intracellular signaling and nutrient distribution. Research has shown that when the mother leaf experiences localized stress, it releases healthy daughter leaves to minimize collateral damage to the daughter leaves. Conversely, when the daughter leaves face localized stress, the mother leaf chooses to retain them and continues supplying them with nutrients to support their survival. In-depth studies revealed that stressed daughter leaves accumulate Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS), triggering nutrient distribution by sending a distress signal to the mother leaf. This prompts the mother leaf to use Ca2+ as a signaling molecule to deliver nutrients to the daughter leaves. Selective detachment is regulated and triggered by the interaction between Ca2+ and ROS within the mother leaf. When the mother leaf undergoes stress, Ca2+ acts upstream to induce ROS accumulation at the nodes, sending a unidirectional detachment signal to the daughter leaves. This causes ROS accumulation at the daughter leaf nodes, inducing detachment and thereby reducing the collateral damage the daughter leaf could experience due to the mother leaves.

工業環境中揮發性有機化合物(VOCs)的洩漏不僅危害人體健康，更可能導致工安事故。現有氣體感測器常存在選擇性低、反應時間長等限制。本研究開發高選擇性與快速反應的奈米材料導電式氣體感測器，以實現即時監測。 研究中合成並測試六種銀奈米 (Ag-MPC)材料：Ag@C6、Ag@C12、Ag@C16、Ag@MCP、Ag@C12/MCP及Ag@C12/MBT複合材料。在500-5000 ppm濃度範圍內偵測1-丁醇、正辛烷及間二甲苯等目標氣體的電阻變化。實驗結果顯示，Ag@C12經官能基修飾後，對1-丁醇具有明顯的選擇性。我們開發基於Arduino微控制器的即時監測系統，透過運算放大器電路實現高精度的電阻變化檢測。可以在工業環境中持續監測VOCs濃度並即時示警。未來將著重於優化訊號放大電路、開發新型官能基修飾材料、實現複雜氣體混合物的組分分析。開發成本低、反應快、選擇性好的感測系統，為工業安全監測領域提供實際應用價值。