sRNA在各種物種的精子功能中起著至關重要的作用。在秀麗隱桿線中，當缺少精子相關的sRNA「ALG-3/4 26G sRNA」會導致其在25度時不孕。此外，IFE-1是人類真核轉譯起始因子EIF4E的直系同源基因，主要表達於雄性生殖細胞系統中。在先前研究中我們觀察到當「真核轉譯起始因子IFE-1有缺陷」或「精子缺少相關sRNA」時，亦會導致精子具有缺陷。由於三者的相似性，我們認為IFE-1和26G sRNA的生成路徑有關。因此我們假設IFE-1參與協助酵素NYN-3辨認並切割msd-1 mRNA模板後促進26G sRNA生成。我們使用Western Blot、IP、螢光顯微鏡等方法，探討了IFE-1和MSD-1::GFP的關係，發現在ife-1正常的情況下，高溫對於MSD-1::GFP的表現量沒有影響。並且因該蛋白只表現在公蟲精子，我們可以推論msd-1:gfp 只作用於公蟲精子。而此疑似可正向調控基因表現的26G sRNA，有望發展成有別於過往sRNA藥物抑制基因表現的一種新基因治療方法。

Such as the plastic waste and industrial discharge that permeate our oceans, it is the insidious and infamous nature of oil spills that demands our immediate attention. These spills, with their far-reaching ecological ramifications, pose a profound danger to our marine ecosystems, demanding urgent action and a heightened awareness of the true menace that is caused by this oil

膠原蛋白植入人體易降解，在骨組織工程有許多限制，研究用水熱法萃取魚鱗膠原蛋白， 藉GPTMS（3-環氧丙基三甲氧基矽烷）為偶聯劑，交聯四乙基矽酸酯(TEOS)提供的矽網格、魚鱗膠原蛋白、低分子殼聚醣，選擇性添加具黏性多巴胺分子增強機械強度，製備兩種海洋 來源骨組織支架-殼聚醣膠原蛋白複合支架(Collagen Chitosan, CC) 及殼聚醣膠原蛋白多巴胺 複合支架(Collagen Chitosan Dopamine, CCD)。FTIR數據顯示CC支架經GPTMS作用成功產生Si-O-Si基團，CCD樣品中有多巴胺醌化學鍵結產生。NMR結果顯示CC和CCD支架順利開環 反應，證明材料成功合成。SEM可見加入多巴胺會讓CC孔洞變小、多孔結構消失。應力應 變曲線量測結果中知機械性質增強。體外實驗得骨組織支架具良好可控降解性，實驗後一個 月降解40%，支架強度約為人軟骨1/3，無細胞毒性。可嘗試免疫調節劑添加或結合其他生物 相容性材料，擴大骨組織支架應用性。

奈米藥物在臨床治療引入了重大創新。多孔性二氧化矽奈米粒子(mesoporous silica nanoparticle) 具有生物相容性和高孔隙度的特性，被運用在奈米藥物傳遞和標靶治療。奈米粒子經過表面修飾可提高藥物載荷效能以達到有效的治療。 本研究建立一項有效的奈米藥物傳遞載體的開發系統，目標在合成多孔性二氧化矽奈米粒子，使用幾丁聚糖對表面進行修飾，以提升地塞米松藥物載荷和穩定的藥物釋放。應用 X-射線繞射和傅立葉轉換紅外光譜來分析奈米粒子產物和表面官能基。應用分光光譜儀進行測定藥物的載荷和釋放速率。幾丁聚糖修飾包覆的多孔性二氧化矽奈米粒子具有 53.7％的藥物載荷率，比較未修飾的粒子只有 27.9%。藥物釋放實驗，幾丁聚糖包覆的二氧化矽奈米粒子可以延緩藥物釋放，在 5 天釋放 19.7％的地塞米松。本次研究說明幾丁聚糖包覆多孔性二氧化矽奈米粒子是有潛力的奈米藥物載體。

此實驗在研究一條環狀鏈條被吊起並開始旋轉時，在不同轉速下敲擊後所產生擾動波的現象。其中主要分析鏈條上波速和鏈條旋轉速度之間的關係。首先我們利用雷射切割機自製轉盤，並觀察到旋轉鏈條在不同轉速、敲擊不同位置時，在鏈條上所產生的波。我們接著用手機拍下此現象並用Tracker標記波的位置變化，放入Excel用回歸分析作圖之後，推測波速和鏈條轉速之間的關係。我們接著研究金屬鏈條碰觸地面受到摩擦力作用產生的週期性振盪，我們提出理論模型並估算週期，計算的結果與實驗數據吻合。最後研究旋轉鏈條被挑出圓盤後在地面移動的情形，分析移動距離、移動時間與轉速之間的關係。

According to the 2024 American Cancer Risk Survey, one in 24 individuals is at high risk of developing colon cancer. This condition is linked to gut microbiome instability. Consequently, there is a pressing need for a more effective and precise approach to maintaining gut microbiome stability, which this research aims to solve by finding the most crucial bacteria species in maintaining the stability of the gut microbiome through the application of Optimal Linear Feedback Control. Two of its variants being applied in this research are Sparsity Promoting Linear Quadratic Regulator (LQRSP) with a variety range of  (0.05, 44.58, and 49.84) and Linear Quadratic Regulator (LQR) ( = 0) along with other supporting methods; Controllability Gramian and Network Theory (graph analysis). The finding in this research shows that bacteria species Bacteroides hydrogenotrophica, Bacteroides uniformis, Bacteroides vulgaris, Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron, Escherichia lenta, and Dorea formicigenerans have an important role for preventing and medicating a variety of gut-related diseases. This conclusion is reinforced by the analysis conducted using the Controllability Gramian, displaying five of the chosen bacteria with the highest controllability index, which demonstrates that the system can be effectively controlled. This finding suggests a potential for enhancing therapeutic strategies, rendering them more precise and systematic. To gain deeper insights into the relationship between each bacteria and the rationale behind the selection of these bacteria by LQRSP, this study also employs network theory, which successfully elucidates the choice of Bacteroides uniformis despite its low controllability index. Additionally, to further validate the efficacy of these bacteria, the research develops a simulation that compares the controlled system with the uncontrolled system, utilizing two types of disturbances. The results indicate a significant difference in robustness against disturbances between the controlled and uncontrolled systems. The findings from this research can be used as a foundation for a more efficient and systematic intervention strategy findings. By researching gut microbiome composition regulation using a mathematical approach, it opens new opportunities for new method discoveries aiming to increase the health of the gut microbiome which is beneficial for the medical field and prevention of gut related diseases.

本研究欲利用機器學習演算法，透過觀察重力波訊號來判斷黑洞融合訊號的時間。本研究 的數據來源於雷射干涉引力波天文台的開放資料庫，我從中獲取最被廣為認定的64筆原始數據，並生成具有不同黑洞質量與不同訊噪比的模擬信號。我將模擬信號與不同噪聲混合 後，進行強度調整、Q轉換和資料白化等數據處理，並提取資料的統計量，將其用於訓練三種決策樹演算法和兩種迴歸演算法中。最終研究結果顯示，決策樹演算法的判斷能力優於迴歸演算法，以及指出強度差值的標準差是最關鍵的特徵，重要性達全體特徵的27%。 我們的模型在重力波訊號判斷上表現出較高的效率，並成功降低了模型的複雜度，使其更適合實際應用。

There are many active volcanoes in Kagoshima Prefecture, including Sakurajima Volcano. So, the volcanic disaster prevention is an urgent issue. Also, Hirabayashi of Tokyo Institute of Technology reported that the molar ratio of HCl/SO2 is large during periods of high HCl/SO2 and conversely small during periods of low HCl/SO2 , and that explosions increase one month after the molar ratio of HCl/SO2 increases during periods of no explosions. We decided to determine the composition ratio of volcanic gases (sulfur dioxide, hydrogen chloride, and hydrogen fluoride) emitted from Sakurajima crater in order to understand and predict volcanic activities. Th us, we established a simple collection method for volcanic gases using alkaline filter paper and a quantitative method using a self m ade absorbance photometer so that even high school students could perform the measurement at many points, and we discussed the data from various perspectives. Furthermore, since last year, we have found a correlation between the variation of Cl-/SO2 ratio and the number of eruptions at Sakurajima volcano. Also, a model for the behavior of volcanic gases was developed based on a comparison of the amount of volcanic ash and the number of eruptions.

肺癌是世界上死亡率第一的癌症。根據近期研究發現，環形RNA (circular RNA；circRNA)比一般的線狀 mRNA穩定，並且會調控癌細胞。但circRNA於肺癌中的調控機制仍不清楚，因此我們決定挑選一個circRNA作為研究對象。首先，我們從 GEO 公開資料庫中篩選肺癌病人中差異表現的 circRNA，經 qPCR在肺癌細胞株驗證後，最終找到circACTN4 進行後續的研究。實驗結果顯示 circACTN4 在肺癌細胞株中確實為環狀結構，內生性表現量上升，且大都分布在細胞質。使用siRNA降低 circACTN4 表現量後，會增加細胞停留在細胞週期之G1期的數量，且 CDK4 和 CCND1 蛋白量也會降低。因此我們推測 circACTN4 可以促進肺癌細胞增殖的效果。更進一步的研究揭示，circACTN4能與LRPPRC蛋白結合，這種相互作用可能是circACTN4在肺癌中發揮調控作用的關鍵機制。總上所述，circACTN4 會促進肺癌細胞的生長，盼未來能作為預後的指標，並發展為治療肺癌的新標的。

本研究首度以植物學、花粉學、昆蟲學及生態統計學探討臺灣高山傳粉生態網絡。花季中期以蜂類為主，後期為蠅類。昆蟲及植物交互網絡緊密連結無子群體，仰賴優勢物種支撐。蜂期為高山薔薇、玉山櫻草、貓兒菊、信義雄蜂；蠅期為一枝黃花、貓兒菊、家蠅。此兩期昆蟲與植物的穩健性不足，蠅期更易崩解。蜂類訪花具多樣性，蠅類訪花較專一。因蜂類、蠅類習性與身體特徵不相同，蠅類對花展幅 (Visit Unit)大、花冠筒淺、花冠筒筒徑小、還原糖含量高、花粉及花蜜之間的距離大、柱頭面積小的植物較能專一攜帶其花粉。共用傳粉者帶來異種花粉，以GLMM分析同異種花粉數量變化關係，發現一起開花略助於授粉。貓兒菊已入侵成為優勢物種，花粉汙染90%的物種，必須移除。