三等獎

本研究改良傳統密閉式迴流法耗時、耗能、耗材的缺點，利用自製簡易微型微波迴流裝置，開發具有六大優點之震盪微波法。此檢測方法可一次進行多項實驗，不僅操作方便〈只需一人操作〉，快速〈傳統密閉式迴流法需2小時，震盪微波法只需震盪20分鐘、微波1分鐘〉，省能〈傳統法需耗電1.396度，震盪微波法只需耗電0.0067度〉，低汙染〈傳統法所需之重鉻酸鉀為10ml，震盪微波法只需5ml〉，且最經濟實惠〈傳統法需耗費2.932元，震盪微波法只需約0.014元〉。除此之外，此項裝置可適用於一般家用微波爐，不必在微波爐上打洞，利用極性分子吸收微波的特性，使系統具有選擇性，讓冷卻用的乾冰能夠重複使用。總而言之，此一裝置簡易方便，可做為及時檢測COD值之簡單裝置。

Nine years ago, the Great East 日本 Earthquake caused the spread of a large amount of radioactive materials. Even now, the amount of contaminated water is increasing at a rate of 180 tons per day, and it is said that the storage tanks for the contaminated water will run out of space in the next two years (Fig. 1). If the contaminated water is discharged into the ocean, it will cause reputational damage to the fishing industry, and the environmental pollution. We are conducting to research to prevent it from happening. In the wake of the nuclear accident, the senior started water quality surveys at Chaya Marsh near the school. During the survey, they found (Chara braunii, Fig. 2), (Nitella axilliformis, Fig. 3), Closterium moniliferum (Fig. 4), and (Nostoc commune, Fig. 5).

本研究以牛血清白蛋白(BSA)做為合成模板，利用仿生礦化法合成 CuS奈米晶體，並藉由葉酸(Folic Acid Hydrate，FA)進行表面修飾作為特異性標靶，再利用EDC/Sulfo-NHS 共價交聯反應結合光敏劑二氫卟吩(Chlorin e6, Ce6)於 CuS@FA奈米材料表面，可成功地合成多功能性奈米複合材料 CuS@FA-Ce6。 經由UV、PL、ICP、Zeta potential與DLS，進行奈米材料組成及光學性質之分析，並透過雷射光激發的照射下，觀察其溫度變化，可驗證其具有光熱材料之性質。此外，材料亦具備了光敏劑 Ce6 之特性，可結合光熱與光動力治療來達到雙重治療的特性。 在生物毒性的測試實驗，選用斑馬魚的受精卵為試驗細胞。紀錄斑馬魚胚胎在不同濃度的材料下，發育狀態及死亡數，確認了材料為低毒性，具有潛力成為新興光治療材料，可運用在癌症治療。

我們分析1910～2010年琉球及呂宋弧溝系統規模5.0以上的地震發生次數與能量釋放，並探討其特性。 經分析得知：(1)琉球系統地震發生次數及能量釋放變動不大。(2)將呂宋系統規模六地震大量發生的時間與規模七地震發生時間比對，發現1951及1999年部分規模六地震為規模七地震之餘震。若加入上述兩年規模六地震，則規模六地震大量發生之平均週期約為12年。(3)琉球系統能量大量釋放的週期約為30年，且其釋放的量越來越少。(4)呂宋系統大量釋放能量的週期約為十年。 (5)百年來，琉球系統的地震發生次數較呂宋系統多，在能量上則反之，還需深究是否為兩系統地質結構不同導致。(6) 若前次能量高峰釋放能量特別大，則距下次能量釋放高峰時間間隔較平均週期長。

The quick increasing energy consumption arouses the interest in the development of power storages. Electrochemical supercapacitor is one of clean and sustainable candidates of energy storage system, and porous carbons are the most potential candidate as electrode materials for electrochemical supercapacitor because of their large surface areas, high chemical and physical stability, good conductivity, as well as low cost. In this work, we synthesized the mesoporous carbons by using ZnO nanoparticles as sacrificing template via nano-casting synthetic process and natural porous carbon materials. The synthesized porous carbon has a mesoporous structure. Because the surface area and pore size of the synthesized mesoporous carbon are larger than that of the coconuts fiber-derived carbon, the CV plots show that the synthesized mesoporous carbon has a good rectangular shape and a much better performance than that of the coconuts fiber-derived carbon. We also develop an easy way to discriminate how well a supercapacitor works. We applied these porous carbon-based electrodes on both handmade as well as the commercial capacitors and measured their electrical performances. The handmade EDLC is less efficient than the commercial capacitor.

Revealing fascinating and educating concepts in a field of astronomy usually requires expensive equipment. Therefore, most schools have very little practical equipment to teach astronomy. I wanted to investigate the Sun’s track using a simple apparatus that can be afforded by many schools instead of using an expensive one.

本實驗利用自製的實驗裝置及自行推導的公式，推算出材料的吸音率。 材料的吸音率，一般是送至專業的迴響實驗室測量（如：成大迴響實驗室），且單一樣品測試費用昂貴（每件樣品4～6萬元）。 我們 設計的實驗將迴響空間縮小，會遭遇到直傳音場影響大過反射音場的問題，因此利用合成音場公式將兩者分離，再利用均能音量及方向因子Q，以及吸音率、室型常數R之間的關係，建立迴響時間的函數。 複合材料運用範圍廣，但若要得知吸音率，又需花費一筆可觀費用。本實驗模組能快速、方便、經濟地得到各樣品（包含複合材料）的吸音率。同時由音頻分析可得知噪音的頻段，即可選擇最適合的材料進行裝修，達到最佳的吸音效果和最高的經濟效益。

為尋找綠色替代能源，科學家早在1970年就發明出微生物燃料電池（microbial fuel cells, MFCs），將微生物當作催化劑應用在燃料電池中(Suzuki,1976)。人體每天都會大量排出含有有機物質的尿液，容易取得且適合用來作為MFC的基質，若同時能在尿斗中找到具有較高產電效率的微生物，即可達到廁所能源自給化的效益。在本實驗中，我們取用尿斗底部尿液做離心，並圖盤培養，挑選出四種微生物與陰溝腸桿菌(Enterobacter cloacae)，將其分別定量並移植至對應體積液態LB，並待其OD值成長至0.5，再透過簡易MFC進行電壓比較。經數據比較，我們發現a菌與b有最高及次高的平均電壓。近幾年微生物燃料電池研究大部分以混菌為主，所以最後篩選出其中這兩種微生物，作為往後自創三槽MFC實驗的菌種。而自創三槽MFC是透過改良傳統反應槽的結構來克服電子傳遞效率的問題，希望能設計出實際應用於廁所中的微生物燃料電池。

隨著抗生素的廣泛使用，抗生素殘留的問題日益嚴重。為此，本研究建立了一個稱作細菌陣列固相分析（BacSPA）的方法來檢測和分類樣品中的抗生素。本研究將15個在質體中植入生物冷光的大腸桿菌液，點在與11種不同的抗生素混合的固相培養基上，濃度為1.5 ppm。不同的抗生素會刺激細菌，使其產生特定的生物冷光變化圖形。將圖形以延時攝影紀錄，並以機器學習演算法中的多重決策樹系訓練抗生素分類模型。得到的最佳模型能在三小時內，以90％分類抗生素的類別。再對該方法進一步測試，以區分不同濃度的抗生素。最終模型能將濃度從125 到1000 ppb的八種抗生素進行分類，其準確率大多高於70％。在未來，我們希望能建立更多不同濃度、不同組合的抗生素發光圖形資料庫，以擴大此方法的應用範圍。這無疑為人們檢測與分類食品與環境樣品中的抗生素殘留，提供了一個很好的方法。

Ukraine as a whole, as well as Poltava Region in particular, have a problem with the state of atmospheric air pollution, because the vast majority of motor vehicles and industrial, energy, and mining enterprises are not equipped with proper cleaning filters. A clear confirmation of the ineffectiveness of Ukraine in matters of monitoring the condition and protection of the atmosphere, in comparison with European countries, was the scandal with the manipulation of exhausts of the Volkswagen concern (Dieselgate). Diesel engines use a catalyst with injection of a urea solution (AdBlue), or a catalytic converter built on the principle of accumulation of nitrogen oxides on a metal surface made of barium compounds . Synthetic urea in automotive catalysts transforms dangerous nitrogen oxides into harmless nitrogen and water . However, due to the software, during everyday use of the VW engines in question, this function remained disabled and the catalytic converter was simply removed. However, we see such cars, along with others, even more morally and technically outdated, on the roads of Ukraine every day. The practice of burning stubble in spring and autumn also leads to extreme consequences of air pollution. The morally outdated system of monitoring the state of the atmosphere, which has remained in Ukraine since Soviet times, is not able to show the real state of pollution, and the lack of proper control on the part of the state leads, in general, to the worsening of the situation every year. Environmental problems in the country in general, and in Poltava Oblast in particular, are the cause of the spread of cancer and high human mortality. Almost 80,000 people die of oncology in the country every year. According to 2020 data, the mortality of the population of Poltava Oblast from non-communicable diseases exceeds the average indicators for Ukraine: Ukraine – 1,597 people per 100,000 population, Poltava Oblast – 1,793 people per 100,000. Therefore, the relevance of the problem raised is extremely high, and it is necessary to start with monitoring air pollution and raising the problem at the national level, because most of the country's residents do not even know what kind of air they breathe at home and on the street.