本研究改良傳統密閉式迴流法耗時、耗能、耗材的缺點，利用自製簡易微型微波迴流裝置，開發具有六大優點之震盪微波法。此檢測方法可一次進行多項實驗，不僅操作方便〈只需一人操作〉，快速〈傳統密閉式迴流法需2小時，震盪微波法只需震盪20分鐘、微波1分鐘〉，省能〈傳統法需耗電1.396度，震盪微波法只需耗電0.0067度〉，低汙染〈傳統法所需之重鉻酸鉀為10ml，震盪微波法只需5ml〉，且最經濟實惠〈傳統法需耗費2.932元，震盪微波法只需約0.014元〉。除此之外，此項裝置可適用於一般家用微波爐，不必在微波爐上打洞，利用極性分子吸收微波的特性，使系統具有選擇性，讓冷卻用的乾冰能夠重複使用。總而言之，此一裝置簡易方便，可做為及時檢測COD值之簡單裝置。

我們分析1910～2010年琉球及呂宋弧溝系統規模5.0以上的地震發生次數與能量釋放，並探討其特性。 經分析得知：(1)琉球系統地震發生次數及能量釋放變動不大。(2)將呂宋系統規模六地震大量發生的時間與規模七地震發生時間比對，發現1951及1999年部分規模六地震為規模七地震之餘震。若加入上述兩年規模六地震，則規模六地震大量發生之平均週期約為12年。(3)琉球系統能量大量釋放的週期約為30年，且其釋放的量越來越少。(4)呂宋系統大量釋放能量的週期約為十年。 (5)百年來，琉球系統的地震發生次數較呂宋系統多，在能量上則反之，還需深究是否為兩系統地質結構不同導致。(6) 若前次能量高峰釋放能量特別大，則距下次能量釋放高峰時間間隔較平均週期長。

The occurrence and behavior of insects is significantly affected by the environment they live in. In this thesis, I dealt with the influence of structure of landscape on nesting preferences of Hymenoptera. For this comparison I had chosen to work with twig-nesting Hymenoptera, for which I have placed artificial nest opportunities into four biotopes – heath, edge of a heath, country lanes between fields and field. The studied location is located south of Znojmo near Podyjí national park. Particularly, I have focused on small carpenter bees of genus Ceratina. My results show that there is a big difference in the species distribution between the habitates of field and heath. The habitats of edge of a heath and country lanes make up a gradient between these two biotopes. The ecosystem of fields was preferred by a sphecid wasp Pemphredon lethifer and Ceratina cyanea. On the other hand, the ecosystem of heath was preferred by Ceratina chalybea, Ceratina nigrolabiata and megachille bee Hoplitis tridentata. I had also found out that in species that are more abundant on heaths, there is higher mortality of offsprings. Heaths were a place of the highest competition between species, as a result of which species with a lower body weight (Ceratina nigrolabiata) have been pushed into narrower twigs by larger species (Ceratina chalybea). I recorded a high number of nests in biparental bee Ceratina nigrolabiata, which were guarded only by mother in fields and country lane habitats. This may indicate that Ceratina nigrolabiata is only facultatively biparental, not strictly biparental as was considered until now.

People have become accustomed to single-use plastics. These are plastics that are used once only and are then thrown away or recycled. A piece of plastic can only be recycled 2-3 times before it is of bad quality and can no longer be of use. (Achyut K. Panda, 2019). Plastic waste fills up landfills and oceans, becoming hazardous and harmful to wildlife, while emitting greenhouse gasses. Alternatives, such as metal straws and paper bags have turned out inefficient and plastic is still a great need in society. Another way of getting rid of waste plastic is to burn it. Fossil fuels such as coal and natural gas are being utilised to burn plastic in industry. This causes many harmful emissions, such as carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide released from burning the plastic. It results in more damage being done than just leaving the plastic in a landfill. These emissions can be cleaned before being released into the atmosphere. Plastic is made of petroleum, so when it is burned it is converted back into a fuel. Plastic can be burned under controlled conditions to create a fuel source that can be used, thereby utilising the waste plastic. The research conducted aims to investigate the use of plastic waste to burn other plastic to create a renewable fuel source and to eliminate plastic waste.

Double Parallelogram Lifting Mechanism (DPLM) is a compact and stable lifting mechanism with a large extension range widely adopted in robot designs. Rubber bands and springs are often installed on the DPLM to lighten the motors' load and maintain its height, yet the installation positions are often obtained through trial and error. This project aims at finding the optimal rubber band installation positions for DPLM using modeling and optimization techniques. A mathematical model which describes the forces and moments acting on all the linkages of DPLM was derived based on the conditions for the static equilibrium and verified with a 3D simulation software. A genetic algorithm (GA) was implemented to optimize rubber band installation positions, which managed to find solutions with the overall root-mean-square- error (RMSE) of the net moment less than 2 for 2 to 6 rubber bands. A further statistical analysis of 50000 random rubber band samples showed that installing rubber bands in triangles is the best solution with the overall lowest RMSE. A test was conducted with a prototype of the DPLM and the results were consistent with our model and optimization. This project derived and verified a mathematical model for the DPLM, and found the optimal way and positions to install rubber bands. The results of this project provides a theoretical basis for controlling DPLM with rubber bands, allowing it to be further adopted in industrial robots that require repetitive lifting and lowering such as inspection robots and aerial work platforms.

本研究以牛血清白蛋白(BSA)做為合成模板，利用仿生礦化法合成 CuS奈米晶體，並藉由葉酸(Folic Acid Hydrate，FA)進行表面修飾作為特異性標靶，再利用EDC/Sulfo-NHS 共價交聯反應結合光敏劑二氫卟吩(Chlorin e6, Ce6)於 CuS@FA奈米材料表面，可成功地合成多功能性奈米複合材料 CuS@FA-Ce6。 經由UV、PL、ICP、Zeta potential與DLS，進行奈米材料組成及光學性質之分析，並透過雷射光激發的照射下，觀察其溫度變化，可驗證其具有光熱材料之性質。此外，材料亦具備了光敏劑 Ce6 之特性，可結合光熱與光動力治療來達到雙重治療的特性。 在生物毒性的測試實驗，選用斑馬魚的受精卵為試驗細胞。紀錄斑馬魚胚胎在不同濃度的材料下，發育狀態及死亡數，確認了材料為低毒性，具有潛力成為新興光治療材料，可運用在癌症治療。

我們已經知道， 任何分數都可以拆成數個單位分數和， 也有各種不同的拆法， 我們發現在不同的拆法中會有各種不同的長度， 例如2/5可拆成1/3+1/15,1/5+1/6+1/30，等各種不同的形式。 由於1/n=1/(n+1)+1/n(n+1) 公式， 已經拆成了各種單位分數的和之後， 又可拆出各種不同的和。 因此在這份報告中， 我們想找出各種分數最短拆分的方法。 我們的策略是在拆分的過程中，先用「貪心算法」： b/a=1/(q+1)+(b-r)/a(q+1) ， 其中a=bq+r找出最短拆分長度的一個上界， 再利用Erdös-Straus猜想、或是直接解不定方程， 找出最短拆分長度。 後來我們遇到了Schinzel猜想，我們便開始著手討論有關Erdös-Straus猜想與Schinzel猜想的證明討論，也看了許多關於這兩個猜想的文章。總歸來說，我們討論Schinzel猜想的方法是將正整數n模一個適當的整數，得到一個同餘類，去討論哪些正整數n可以寫成l/n=1/(q+t)+1/y+1/z的形式，其中q=⌊n/l⌋。

隨著抗生素的廣泛使用，抗生素殘留的問題日益嚴重。為此，本研究建立了一個稱作細菌陣列固相分析（BacSPA）的方法來檢測和分類樣品中的抗生素。本研究將15個在質體中植入生物冷光的大腸桿菌液，點在與11種不同的抗生素混合的固相培養基上，濃度為1.5 ppm。不同的抗生素會刺激細菌，使其產生特定的生物冷光變化圖形。將圖形以延時攝影紀錄，並以機器學習演算法中的多重決策樹系訓練抗生素分類模型。得到的最佳模型能在三小時內，以90％分類抗生素的類別。再對該方法進一步測試，以區分不同濃度的抗生素。最終模型能將濃度從125 到1000 ppb的八種抗生素進行分類，其準確率大多高於70％。在未來，我們希望能建立更多不同濃度、不同組合的抗生素發光圖形資料庫，以擴大此方法的應用範圍。這無疑為人們檢測與分類食品與環境樣品中的抗生素殘留，提供了一個很好的方法。

在這篇作品中，我們研究frieze patterns 的性質並探討其與法里數列（Farey sequence）的關係。本作品成功造出包含 n 階法里數列的 frieze patterns，並探討其對應三角剖分之雙重0 轉換圖與法里數列的關聯性，我們也找出具 1-鋸齒 frieze pattern 的充要條件及其幾何意義。在最後，我們作了一些 additive frieze patterns 相關性質的研究，並找出 additive frieze pattern 具 0-鋸齒的充要條件，也進一步探討 additive frieze patterns 所有可能的對稱變換。

為改善水庫淤積問題，提出清除泥砂淤積與水土資源回收之解決方案，本研究採旋風吸塵器概念製作結構簡單的水力旋流分離裝置，可在水庫供水時同時排淤，並運用虹吸引水方式抽取淤泥，以高度、管徑、圓桶長度作為影響旋流分離的主因，經實驗發現，改變此三項變因可影響流速，進而影響分離率，實驗中可有效分離99%河砂與97.5%白河水庫淤泥。 從模擬水庫排砂的實驗中，探討淤積粒徑的分布區與不同水力排淤工法的效益，依實驗結果得到水力旋流分離適用於水庫中上游粒徑大於黏土的淤積，水庫下游可搭配排淤隧道排出較難分離的黏土淤積，兩者搭配使用清淤將可不再受天候限制，並可蓄清排淤達到節能減碳的效果，延長水庫的壽命並降低原水濁度。