全國中小學科展

四等獎

Natural resources utilization for the in-house production of fluorescence lipid nanoparticles

Nanotechnology, a transformative force, has steadily gained traction across multiple scientific disciplines, including physics, chemistry, engineering, and biology. It offers unprecedented capabilities, especially in the realm of nanoscale particles, ushering in new paradigms in various applications. One of the most revolutionary applications of nanotechnology is in the pharmaceutical sector. Here, nanoparticles have transformed drug and vaccine delivery systems, offering both efficacy and precision. Among these nanoparticles, lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) have stood out, especially for their role in delivering nucleic acid-based drugs and vaccines. These LNPs are intricate assemblies composed of lipids and nucleic acid complexes, offering an amalgamation of stability and deliverability. Such properties have rendered LNPs as invaluable tools in enhancing therapeutic efficacy while minimizing off-target side effects. The myriad of nanoparticles available includes the likes of silver, gold, and lipid nanoparticles. However, the emphasis of this research lies with lipid nanoparticles, given their widespread success in the pharmaceutical arena. LNPs have showcased their potential in delivering drugs with low therapeutic indices, emphasizing their capability to act as versatile platforms for novel drug development. Recent advances have further expanded the horizons of LNPs, paving the way for novel antisense oligonucleotides, innovative vaccines, and complex lipid nanoparticle formations. Characterizing these nanoparticles is paramount, not only for the development of novel drugs but also to comprehend their in vivo behavior. Their multifaceted nature, stemming from their unique excipients, core-bilayer design, and varying sizes, makes their characterization a critical step in the research and development pipeline.

點亮絲路:碳量子點螢光蠶絲的製備與光降解環境污染物之應用

本研究以電紡絲法製作光動力活性的碳量子點(carbon quantum dots, CQDs)螢光蠶絲,用於光降解環境染劑汙染物與抗菌的應用探討。不同顏色螢光的碳量子點 紅、綠、藍色)的合成是以檸檬酸作為主要碳源,分別參雜尿素與葉綠素用以合成三種螢光的碳量子點。接著將絲素蛋白、聚乙二醇與量子點溶液為原料,以電紡絲法分別製作成藍色、綠色與紅色的螢光蠶絲。螢光光譜儀 PL)與穿透式電子顯微鏡 TEM)結果呈現量子點的光學特性與尺寸呈現預期的量子效應。拉曼光譜則證實電紡絲法之螢光蠶絲具有絲素蛋白、聚乙二醇與量子點的特徵訊號。本研究使用之電紡絲法製備之螢光蠶絲,與我們之前使用蠶寶寶桑葉餵食法生產之螢光蠶絲來比較,電紡絲螢光蠶絲具有更加優異及穩定的光降解環境汙染物效率,未來可用於自清潔、抗菌織物與醫療敷料之應用。

Automatic Solar Panel Sprinkler Irrigation System

As the global demand for sustainable agriculture practices and renewable energy sources continues to rise, the integration of solar power technology with irrigation systems has gained significant attention. This abstract presents an overview of an innovative solution known as the "Automatic Solar Panel Sprinkler Irrigation System," which combines solar panels and smart irrigation technology to efficiently manage water resources in agricultural settings. The proposed system leverages solar panels to generate electricity and simultaneously operate an automated sprinkler irrigation system. Solar panels are strategically positioned in proximity to crop fields, utilizing photovoltaic cells to convert solar energy into electrical power. This energy is then harnessed to power the irrigation system, providing a sustainable and eco-friendly method for crop hydration. In Solar Power Generation the system consists of photovoltaic panels designed to capture solar energy during daylight. This renewable energy source is converted into electrical power, which is stored in batteries for subsequent use. Automated Sprinkler Irrigation is an advanced control system manages the irrigation process, ensuring efficient water distribution based on crop requirements. Soil moisture sensors and weather data are integrated to optimize irrigation scheduling. In Remote Monitoring and Control, farmers can remotely monitor and control the irrigation system through a user friendly interface, accessible via smartphones or computers. This feature enables real-time adjustments and ensures that water resources are utilized optimally. In Water Conservation the system is designed to minimize water wastage by delivering precise and targeted irrigation, reducing over-watering and the associated environmental impact. In Cost Savings the harnessing solar power, this system reduces electricity expenses, making it an economically viable solution for farmers, particularly in regions with ample sunlight. Using a tracker with an automatic solar panel sprinkler irrigation system can be a smart and efficient way to optimize the system's performance. And the most important thing is that in my prototype it is under the panel and will track the location of the Sun and with that it will lead to the Automatic movement of the panel from east to west and when the evening starts it will go back to its position.

腔體共振與開孔氣流的探討

本研究探討聲音共振引起腔體開口處氣流噴出的現象。實驗通過揚聲器播放聲音,使固定的錐形瓶產生共振,並改變聲音頻率、聲音強度及腔體參數(體積、瓶口截面積、瓶頸長度)分析氣流的形成原理與機制。腔體非共振情況下,腔體內外氣壓的振幅差較小,且存在相位差,此時開口處並未測得氣流;而在共振時,腔體內氣壓振幅顯著增加,導致開口處出現氣流且流速達到峰值。而流速峰值頻率與腔體幾何參數的關係符合修正後的亥姆霍茲共振公式,其中瓶頸有效長度應為L+1.45D。此外,氣流形態受衝程比L/D影響,當衝程比小於0.1時,氣體噴出後容易被重新吸回腔體,無法形成噴流;而衝程比大於0.4時,噴出氣流形成穩定的不連續渦流環,即合成噴流;在0.1至0.4之間時,氣流形態處於過渡狀態。本研究為聲能轉動能方面提供新的研究途徑,並有進階研究的可能性。

Mattress Ventilation System

One of the worldwide hidden problems with lack of attention is Bedsores. Simply, These are ulcers, that happen on the areas of the skin that are under pressure while lying on the bed for a prolonged time. This can be infected to anyone in the world. The common group who face these bed sores are..... •Elderly patients, •Spinal cord injury patients, •Stroke patients, •Coma patients, •People who have faced accidents Bed sores develop when the blood supply is cut off for more than 2-3 hours to the skin, (Position changing time depends on the patient's condition) The continuous pressure is the cause for that and also the temperature generated between the skin and the bed surface increases the metabolism of the tissues. When the skin temperature increases by 1°C, the risk of bed sores increases approximately 14 times. So, The skin temperature in the range of 29.4°C to 37.1°C is correlated with the tissue damage score. Not only that shearing and moisture are the other considerable factors for this problem. This infection has 4 stages. Sometimes in the 4th stage of the bed sores can cause death.

探討可調式聲波梯度透鏡受高強度雷射光穿透後的熱效應

由於符合活體研究、解析度、穿透深度等需求,加上螢光技術,使光學方法成為追蹤單一腦神經工作情形較合適的方式。其中重要元件 TAGlens (可調式聲學梯度折射透鏡)的透鏡(目前 z 軸焦距變動最快的透鏡裝置),透過焦距快速變動達到快速掃描。不過 TAGlens 在高強度雷射穿透下,焦距變化範圍會產生改變,我們稱之 TAGlens 的熱效應。 本研究即研究 TAGlens 的熱效應,使用不同研究方法以量化並分析,其中利用體積影像中螢光球軌跡變化的方法,明顯呈現了 TAGlens 熱效應的變化,我們發現入射雷射功率越大,會使 TAGlens 的焦距平衡點越遠,焦距變化範圍越小。未來可望校正 TAGlens 因熱效應造成的數據誤差。

Non-invasive study of the electrical activity of the brain of various chordate animals

In clinical practice, EEG is used to diagnose a number of neurological diseases and to diagnose epilepsy. But at present, the question of the nature of EEG has not been completely resolved and is of great scientific interest. There have been no studies at all on the non-invasive study of the electrical activity of the brain of the shark superorder, which belongs to the class of cartilaginous fish. By studying the electrical activity of the brain of various gnathostomes, it is possible to obtain an answer to the question of the emergence of rhythms from the point of view of phylogenesis and evolution, and by comparing their EEG with the human EEG, one can identify similar patterns that help in the study of reactions to various influences. During the work, for the first time, EEG indicators of spotted cat sharks, ECG, heart rate and respiratory rate of cat sharks and toads were obtained. In the future, it is planned to assemble a smaller neuroheadset for non-invasive studies of the electrical activity of the brain of small animals (sharks, toads, monitor lizards). This data can be used for evolutionary and medical research. *No animals were harmed during or after the experiments.

AGRO-GUARD:Machine Learning-Driven Plant Real-Time Disease Detection,Clustering and Community Notifications

Agro-guard aims to revolutionize disease identification and community-based projects in the field of agriculture. Integrating Machine learning, Computer vision, clustering, and community-based technology, this project helped farmers to detect their plant disease with their solution and for early warning of plant disease which was spreading in their community which helped in crop management. The research project is divided into three parts.First,Integrating Machine learning to detect and classify plant disease with their solutions.Second,Integrating Density-Based Spatial Clustering of Applications with Noise (DBSCAN),to identify disease and analyze the pattern within agricultural regions.Third,Establishing notification system to notify real-time alerts to farmers about disease spreading in particular region.The research is crucial because it solve one of the crucial problem of our community which is untimely detection of disease.The finding of the research highlight the effectiveness of Agro-Guard framework in early disease detection and community detection.The machine learning models achieved high accuracy in identifying common plant disease and clustering results the pattern in diseases that were very important for notifying the community.The significance of these findings is that it can build powerful system which will overall grow the production of crops and plants due to timely update of the disease prevailing in the community.It contributes in sustainability production of crops and plants which ultimately ensure the good livelihood of farmer.

YKT6與癌纖維母細胞的「泌」密關係

本研究以人類肺癌A549細胞株和纖維母細胞模擬體內腫瘤微環境,挖掘纖維母細胞如何促進癌細胞的生長。從病人的正常和癌組織提取癌相關纖維母細胞(cancer-associated fibroblasts, CAFs) 和 正常纖維母細胞(Normal Fibroblasts, NFs),經過基因序列一對對作分析,開發新的治療策略和潛在的靶點。利用核糖核酸定序(RNA-Seq)分析發現CAFs會比NFs分泌更多SNARE 蛋白 YKT6,而更深入地探究獲悉YKT6會透過活化YKT6+CAFs途徑促進肺癌A549細胞惡化,此惡化過程包括誘導及提升癌細胞的生殖(proliferation),轉移(migration)和入侵(invasion)能力。 此外,在 CAFs 中敲除 YKT6基因,減弱CAFs 的外泌體(exosome)釋放,從而調節了其對肺癌細胞A549的腫瘤促進作用。本研究發現靶向YKT6並抑制外泌體分泌,從而降低CAFs對肺腺癌細胞的腫瘤支援功能可以為肺癌治療提供一種新的策略。

探討可調式聲波梯度透鏡受高強度雷射光穿透後的熱效應

由於符合活體研究、解析度、穿透深度等需求,加上螢光技術,使光學方法成為追蹤單一腦神經工作情形較合適的方式。其中重要元件 TAGlens (可調式聲學梯度折射透鏡)的透鏡(目前 z 軸焦距變動最快的透鏡裝置),透過焦距快速變動達到快速掃描。不過 TAGlens 在高強度雷射穿透下,焦距變化範圍會產生改變,我們稱之 TAGlens 的熱效應。 本研究即研究 TAGlens 的熱效應,使用不同研究方法以量化並分析,其中利用體積影像中螢光球軌跡變化的方法,明顯呈現了 TAGlens 熱效應的變化,我們發現入射雷射功率越大,會使 TAGlens 的焦距平衡點越遠,焦距變化範圍越小。未來可望校正 TAGlens 因熱效應造成的數據誤差。