新聞報導指出，澆灌牛奶的植株果實更加香甜，成為農產品銷售新噱頭。實地試驗發現番茄植株澆灌牛奶後枯黃葉子數量減少，更進一步發現澆灌牛奶之阿拉伯芥植株抗菌能力明顯提升，而牛奶中的脯胺酸(proline)應是協助抗菌的物質。在抗菌機制方面，牛奶和脯胺酸都能使氣孔在病原體分泌effector 之後再度打開的程度降低，並且使胼胝質(Callose)累積量上升，而分生方面也偵測到乙烯合成相關基因與模式免疫反應(PTI)相關基因(PR1, CYP81F2, FRK1, MKK1)表現量上升，顯示更多未知由脯胺酸促進免疫反應的可能。未來我們期待能夠找出更加廣泛深入由proline影響之免疫反應途徑，並對高經濟作物之抗病有所貢獻。

The growth of a city and the population movement has many correlations. However, the complex interaction causes difficulties in developing a mathematical model needed for analyzing the growth factor of a city and the movement factor of population. The model involving traditional equations cannot explain many phenomenon. The newly introduced data-science suggests possibilities to overcome these difficulties. Particularly, the abundant amount of accumulated data proposes a new solution for the problem we have. Throughout these steps, data-utilizing methodology, such as machine learning for artificial intelligence, are researched and developed with attention. In this research, data about accumulated for previous population movement and city growth are collected, and a mathematical science model based on data is developed to explain population movement and city growth by utilizing data analyzing methods such as machine learning. Especially, artificial neural network and stratified advance learning(deep learning) proves possibilities in solving many problems. This research aims to construct an artificial neural network appropriate for population movement and consequently use it in developing population movement model. Using this model, growth of many existing cities can be explained and furthermore, examining the population movement factor of a city and social factor necessary for city growth become possible. This model is expected to become the tool for resolving overpopulation and predicting and deciding factors needed for a new future city. In spite of decreasing population, it is still important to develop a model for population movement that well explains city growth and environment change.

Plexiglas is a macromolecule (poly-methyl-methacrylate) obtained by polymerization of the Methyl Methacrylate. Cation exchanging resins have acidic groups such as COOH (carboxyl) and SO3H (sulfonic) which fix metallic cations dissolved in water releasing an equivalent of protons through the following reaction: 2 RCOOH + Me2+ (RCOO)2Me + 2 H+ Regeneration is made treating the exhausted resin with diluted hydrochloric acid (HCl) which moves the equilibrium to the left. The aim of our research is to re-use the discarded Plexiglas by transforming it into a cationic exchanging resin. Alkaline hydrolysis transforms the COOCH3 group into COO– group; the obtained group is then transformed into COOH group by means of a treatment with HCl. After the alkaline hydrolysis spectra of the solid show the characteristic band of the asymmetric stretching of the COO– (1610-1550) at 1567 (1st experiment) and at 1555 (2nd experiment). Instead after the acidic treatment the spectra of the solid show that this band has disappeared. On the contrary the characteristic band of the OH stretching of the COOH group (3300-2500) at 3228 (1st experiment) and at 3200 (2nd experiment) appears. The water hardness, due to Ca2+ and Mg2+ ions, is studied to verify the capability of the obtained resin to capture these cations. For this purpose, some mineral water is percolated through the micro-columns. There are three experimental evidences to validate the hypothesis: EDTA molecule (Ethylene Di-amino Tetra-Acetic acid, disodium salt) to estimate hardness is not required The pH of the percolated water through the column decreases from 8 of the mineral water without any treatment, to 6.3 after the treatment as expected The spectrum recorded in the visible range of the percolated mineral water through the column plus EBT (Eriochrome Black T) indicator is the same as the spectrum obtained using de-ionized water plus the same amount of EBT In conclusion, the study has provided evidence that it is possible to convert Plexiglas into cationic exchanging resin.

Nowadays, the increase in population and the rapid depletion of nonrenewable energy sources brings the need for energy. In this case, scientists are forced to develop technologies by using renewable energy sources. Sun is the unlimited and renewable energy source. Organic solar cells absorb the light from the sun by the active polymer layer and transform it into electrical power. Organic solar cells are advantageous than inorganic ones because of being low-cost, easy-to-use and proper for large scale applications. In this project, it is aimed to produce organic solar cells by using specific amounts of carbon nanotube (CNT) doping. According to this aim, it is detected by using the fluorescence spectroscopy that CNTs can be used in organic solar cells. Later, the homogenous distribution of doping SWCNT into donor material was displayed by AFM, and correct proportion of SWCNTs are chosen by those images. In order to increase the efficiency of organic solar cell SWCNT doped P3HT was used as donor molecule. The acceptor molecule was PCBM in here. Surface characterization of prepared samples was made by Atomic Force Microscope (AFM), while electrical characterization of them is done with airless environment cabin (glove-box) system in nitrogen environment. As a result, devices prepared with addition of cyclohexanone in P3HT: SWCNT%:PCBM new load paths to carbon nanotubes were provided, as a result of the measurements short circuit current obtained was raised from the reference to 53%. The best yields were found as 2.24% in 0.2% SWCNT doped devices. This result shows efficiency is healed according to the reference rate as 64%. In this study, certain amounts of carbon nanotube doped organic solar cells were produced, which are highly efficient rather than traditional organic solar cells and low cost, easy-to-produce rather than inorganic solar cells, by using environmentally friendly materials.

本研究受2004 IWYMIC啓發，此題可追溯自二十世紀數篇以「know/don’t know problem」為題的論文，共同背景如下： 有數個邏輯學家分別戴上寫有特定數值的帽子。他們會完美的推理且不會說謊。作為玩家，他們輪流發言並試圖推斷自己的帽上數。 我們致力於和帽上數範圍、發言順序、構句相關的變形，透過數論技巧求解並以「相鄰矩陣」表示過程。另對原題缺點提出「候選數」之概念、改進規則；而找到能代替複雜推理的簡單操作後，我們分析、證明了它們的特殊性質。 應用上，玩家產生對話的過程可作為雜湊函數使用。未來，本研究可再推廣至更多更自由的構句、納入三個玩家、或允許誤導等等，以豐富遊戲。

The purpose of this research is to prevent the desertification by using my original “agar sheets”. The dry regions, in other words, the desert has already occupied about forty percent of the surface of the earth (Figure 1). In addition, it is said that land of seven million hectares turn into desert every year. However, we can reproduce the green-bosomed earth by using appropriate means, because this desertification originated in excessive farming, excessive pasturing, and deforestation caused by human beings. I learned “Cape Erimo’s Green Construction Method”, which has succeeded in planting trees in the coast of Japan by using seaweed, and this method led me to use the agar to prevent the desertification, which is a familiar Japanese food made from seaweed. I think that it is possible to prevent the desertification of any conditioned lands by using my original “agar sheets.”

本計畫採用數值模擬進行研究，撰寫一維電漿的物理程式來瞭解電漿孤立子在不均勻背景中的演化。我們於去年的計畫中，驗證了這個模型的準確性，這次進一步地在系統中，加入相對論的計算，用以觀察孤立子在相對論作用下的傳播及演化。我們可以觀察到不同參數的初始脈衝會影響到所生成的孤立子形狀，並藉由給予不均勻的背景環境，可以發現孤立子演化的準則。與期刊上發表的論文進行比較時，發現數值吻合，誤差約為1%。因此我們反向藉由論文中的運算式，解出一個孤立子，將其放入系統中，希望藉由這個方式更順利地了解孤立子在空間中的行為模式。未來，我們將利用這些結果來制定多維的電漿體數值模擬，其可以解釋現實宇宙中，蟹狀星雲能源運輸的問題。

近年來，國內外皆有科學團隊投入果蠅同性求偶行為的研究，進而發現影響求偶行為的相關基因，以及此類基因的作用機制。本研究主要探討：除了基因變異外，是否有其他因素對同性求偶造成影響。透過實驗我們發現，性成熟雄果蠅偏好對未性成熟的果蠅進行同性求偶；而曾與雌性交尾過的雄果蠅，較容易發生「試圖交尾」的行為。若加入酒精作為變因，則會催化雄果蠅進行同性求偶的頻率，其中以濃度30%的影響最為顯著。此外，在同性求偶行為中，聽覺亦扮演了重要的角色，聲波會對果蠅的同性求偶造成影響，其中低頻率聲波會使果蠅同性求偶的次數明顯降低。本研究顯示性成熟與否、求偶經驗、酒精濃度與聽覺，是除了基因變異外，探討雄果蠅同性求偶時所需考量的變因。

We were very curious about whether the aircraft will suffer lightning damages during flight, so we tried to search the answer on the internet. According to the searching results, we realized that during flight departure, passenger planes can suffer lightning damage. As a result, there will be lightning strike points, which needs immediate solutions for safety concerns. Besides, we found out that the exterior aircraft components, such as aircraft body, wings, tail, turbine engine and other areas, are vulnerable to corrosion, which also needs immediate solutions. Luckily, we came across a chance to chat with the engineer who works in the airport. Through that meeting, we knew that the maintenance of the aircraft is very important. However, the maintenance of the components depends on professional technicians, weather, the surrounding noise level, and other environmental effects. As a result, we think that it is initial for us to develop a device that can automatically complete the missions of aircraft maintenance. Below are two objectives that we need to complete: 1. Complete a non-destructive testing for aircraft damage, including corrosion and lightning strike points. Assessment areas include: Aircraft body, airplane wings, tail of the aircraft and the turbine engine 2. Engage in scanning results to analyze and predict for flight readiness. The collected results will proceed to the aviation company for inspection and maintenance. Based on these two objectives, we designed an automatic platform for aircraft maintenance. Below are four innovations of this platform: 1. we developed a method to replace the current stage based on the manual operation of the aircraft maintenance, the use of AGV (Automated guided vehicle) and the robotic arm combination. 2. Design a modular platform based on this method, including telescopic four-wheel independent rotating chassis and locking mechanism, scissors lifting mechanism, double sided synchronous belt forward detection telescopic mechanism, etc. The platform can shrink at the minimum height of A320, convenient access to the machine abdomen. 3. The positioning algorithm of the platform relative to the aircraft is proposed.

The purpose of this research is to prevent the desertification by using my original “agar sheets”. The dry regions, in other words, the desert has already occupied about forty percent of the surface of the earth (Figure 1). In addition, it is said that land of seven million hectares turn into desert every year. However, we can reproduce the green-bosomed earth by using appropriate means, because this desertification originated in excessive farming, excessive pasturing, and deforestation caused by human beings. I learned “Cape Erimo’s Green Construction Method”, which has succeeded in planting trees in the coast of Japan by using seaweed, and this method led me to use the agar to prevent the desertification, which is a familiar Japanese food made from seaweed. I think that it is possible to prevent the desertification of any conditioned lands by using my original “agar sheets.”