四等獎

The purpose of this research is to prevent the desertification by using my original “agar sheets”. The dry regions, in other words, the desert has already occupied about forty percent of the surface of the earth (Figure 1). In addition, it is said that land of seven million hectares turn into desert every year. However, we can reproduce the green-bosomed earth by using appropriate means, because this desertification originated in excessive farming, excessive pasturing, and deforestation caused by human beings. I learned “Cape Erimo’s Green Construction Method”, which has succeeded in planting trees in the coast of Japan by using seaweed, and this method led me to use the agar to prevent the desertification, which is a familiar Japanese food made from seaweed. I think that it is possible to prevent the desertification of any conditioned lands by using my original “agar sheets.”

近年來，國內外皆有科學團隊投入果蠅同性求偶行為的研究，進而發現影響求偶行為的相關基因，以及此類基因的作用機制。本研究主要探討：除了基因變異外，是否有其他因素對同性求偶造成影響。透過實驗我們發現，性成熟雄果蠅偏好對未性成熟的果蠅進行同性求偶；而曾與雌性交尾過的雄果蠅，較容易發生「試圖交尾」的行為。若加入酒精作為變因，則會催化雄果蠅進行同性求偶的頻率，其中以濃度30%的影響最為顯著。此外，在同性求偶行為中，聽覺亦扮演了重要的角色，聲波會對果蠅的同性求偶造成影響，其中低頻率聲波會使果蠅同性求偶的次數明顯降低。本研究顯示性成熟與否、求偶經驗、酒精濃度與聽覺，是除了基因變異外，探討雄果蠅同性求偶時所需考量的變因。

We were very curious about whether the aircraft will suffer lightning damages during flight, so we tried to search the answer on the internet. According to the searching results, we realized that during flight departure, passenger planes can suffer lightning damage. As a result, there will be lightning strike points, which needs immediate solutions for safety concerns. Besides, we found out that the exterior aircraft components, such as aircraft body, wings, tail, turbine engine and other areas, are vulnerable to corrosion, which also needs immediate solutions. Luckily, we came across a chance to chat with the engineer who works in the airport. Through that meeting, we knew that the maintenance of the aircraft is very important. However, the maintenance of the components depends on professional technicians, weather, the surrounding noise level, and other environmental effects. As a result, we think that it is initial for us to develop a device that can automatically complete the missions of aircraft maintenance. Below are two objectives that we need to complete: 1. Complete a non-destructive testing for aircraft damage, including corrosion and lightning strike points. Assessment areas include: Aircraft body, airplane wings, tail of the aircraft and the turbine engine 2. Engage in scanning results to analyze and predict for flight readiness. The collected results will proceed to the aviation company for inspection and maintenance. Based on these two objectives, we designed an automatic platform for aircraft maintenance. Below are four innovations of this platform: 1. we developed a method to replace the current stage based on the manual operation of the aircraft maintenance, the use of AGV (Automated guided vehicle) and the robotic arm combination. 2. Design a modular platform based on this method, including telescopic four-wheel independent rotating chassis and locking mechanism, scissors lifting mechanism, double sided synchronous belt forward detection telescopic mechanism, etc. The platform can shrink at the minimum height of A320, convenient access to the machine abdomen. 3. The positioning algorithm of the platform relative to the aircraft is proposed.

粒線體，『細胞內的發電廠』，它生產了我們生存所需的幾乎所有能量。除了產生能量，它也參與了細胞的凋亡的過程，或反應出自由基所引起細胞的老化。我們在此實驗中，利用酵母菌模式，跟兩個特殊的螢光染劑（JC-1與Rhodamine 123），來活體測量酵母菌裡的粒線體膜電位的變化，以了解細胞的早期凋亡的過程。並且，透過加入抗氧化劑與否，測量氧化游離基的產生，探討跟粒線體膜電位之間的關聯性。實驗結果顯示，的確酵母菌經過長期培養，且無提供適當的營養補充條件下，雖然外表還活著，但JC-1的螢光染色顯示，粒線體膜電位是有逐步遞減的現象，代表酵母菌活力慢慢衰弱。但是，另外氧化游離基的實驗結果卻沒有如預期般增加，反倒是跟JC-1的表現呈正相關現象。抗氧化劑的加入，非但沒有增加酵母菌的活力，反而是減弱了粒線體膜電位的表現，而氧化游離基也同時降低。這樣的實驗結果，雖然跟事前的預期結果不同，但也可能暗示1. 胡亂加入抗氧化劑，對生物不盡然是有幫忙的。2. 酵母菌在這一種生長條件中，可能需要一些氧化物的刺激或幫忙。3. 粒線體是細胞內氧化作用最強的單位，如果他生命力變弱了，自然產生氧化游離基的能力變弱，而非氧化游離基一開始去減弱粒線體的活性。此實驗的重大意義，是告訴我們，氧化游離基或抗氧化物的腳色並非一成不變的，甚至你原來認為的粒線體膜電位改變是細胞凋亡的起始原因，也可能相反，粒線體膜電位改變只是細胞凋亡後來發生的結果。科學的有趣也就是在這裡!我們藉助於【實驗】，不斷地實驗，去挑戰既有的知識跟原理，會讓我們發現更多的真理，一個單細胞的酵母菌就有這麼多問題需要去回答，那麼放眼將來不孕症醫師想嘗試『卵質轉移』，主要就是要取得健康的粒線體，增加懷孕的機會，那就可能需要更多的實驗跟努力，才能給出一個真正的正確答案。

Plexiglas is a macromolecule (poly-methyl-methacrylate) obtained by polymerization of the Methyl Methacrylate. Cation exchanging resins have acidic groups such as COOH (carboxyl) and SO3H (sulfonic) which fix metallic cations dissolved in water releasing an equivalent of protons through the following reaction: 2 RCOOH + Me2+ (RCOO)2Me + 2 H+ Regeneration is made treating the exhausted resin with diluted hydrochloric acid (HCl) which moves the equilibrium to the left. The aim of our research is to re-use the discarded Plexiglas by transforming it into a cationic exchanging resin. Alkaline hydrolysis transforms the COOCH3 group into COO– group; the obtained group is then transformed into COOH group by means of a treatment with HCl. After the alkaline hydrolysis spectra of the solid show the characteristic band of the asymmetric stretching of the COO– (1610-1550) at 1567 (1st experiment) and at 1555 (2nd experiment). Instead after the acidic treatment the spectra of the solid show that this band has disappeared. On the contrary the characteristic band of the OH stretching of the COOH group (3300-2500) at 3228 (1st experiment) and at 3200 (2nd experiment) appears. The water hardness, due to Ca2+ and Mg2+ ions, is studied to verify the capability of the obtained resin to capture these cations. For this purpose, some mineral water is percolated through the micro-columns. There are three experimental evidences to validate the hypothesis: EDTA molecule (Ethylene Di-amino Tetra-Acetic acid, disodium salt) to estimate hardness is not required The pH of the percolated water through the column decreases from 8 of the mineral water without any treatment, to 6.3 after the treatment as expected The spectrum recorded in the visible range of the percolated mineral water through the column plus EBT (Eriochrome Black T) indicator is the same as the spectrum obtained using de-ionized water plus the same amount of EBT In conclusion, the study has provided evidence that it is possible to convert Plexiglas into cationic exchanging resin.

The purpose of this research is to prevent the desertification by using my original “agar sheets”. The dry regions, in other words, the desert has already occupied about forty percent of the surface of the earth (Figure 1). In addition, it is said that land of seven million hectares turn into desert every year. However, we can reproduce the green-bosomed earth by using appropriate means, because this desertification originated in excessive farming, excessive pasturing, and deforestation caused by human beings. I learned “Cape Erimo’s Green Construction Method”, which has succeeded in planting trees in the coast of Japan by using seaweed, and this method led me to use the agar to prevent the desertification, which is a familiar Japanese food made from seaweed. I think that it is possible to prevent the desertification of any conditioned lands by using my original “agar sheets.”

Nowadays, the increase in population and the rapid depletion of nonrenewable energy sources brings the need for energy. In this case, scientists are forced to develop technologies by using renewable energy sources. Sun is the unlimited and renewable energy source. Organic solar cells absorb the light from the sun by the active polymer layer and transform it into electrical power. Organic solar cells are advantageous than inorganic ones because of being low-cost, easy-to-use and proper for large scale applications. In this project, it is aimed to produce organic solar cells by using specific amounts of carbon nanotube (CNT) doping. According to this aim, it is detected by using the fluorescence spectroscopy that CNTs can be used in organic solar cells. Later, the homogenous distribution of doping SWCNT into donor material was displayed by AFM, and correct proportion of SWCNTs are chosen by those images. In order to increase the efficiency of organic solar cell SWCNT doped P3HT was used as donor molecule. The acceptor molecule was PCBM in here. Surface characterization of prepared samples was made by Atomic Force Microscope (AFM), while electrical characterization of them is done with airless environment cabin (glove-box) system in nitrogen environment. As a result, devices prepared with addition of cyclohexanone in P3HT: SWCNT%:PCBM new load paths to carbon nanotubes were provided, as a result of the measurements short circuit current obtained was raised from the reference to 53%. The best yields were found as 2.24% in 0.2% SWCNT doped devices. This result shows efficiency is healed according to the reference rate as 64%. In this study, certain amounts of carbon nanotube doped organic solar cells were produced, which are highly efficient rather than traditional organic solar cells and low cost, easy-to-produce rather than inorganic solar cells, by using environmentally friendly materials.

本研究將三氮二氧五牙配位基H2BDPP去質子化後形成BDPP2-，與二氯化鈷(CoCl2)反應後，製成二價鈷錯合物Co(BDPP) (1)。將1與FcBF4反應，製成三價鈷錯合物[Co(BDPP)(H2O)]BF4 (2)，1和2的分子結構可由單晶繞射解析法、可見光-紫外光光譜儀鑑定，並利用循環伏安法量測1的還原半電位。1與一氧化氮反應會有顯著顏色變化，根據UV/vis光譜排除氧化的可能性，表示新生成一錯合物[Co(BDPP)(X)] (3)。利用傅立葉紅外線光譜儀確認此反應有新的振動頻率1615 cm-1產生，意味著在3上觀察到N=O的振動吸收峰(X = NO)，推測錯合物3中一氧化氮和鈷中心金屬產生了鍵結。藉由此錯合物可鍵結或釋放一氧化氮之特性，未來可能運用在治療高血壓藥物的開發研究。

本文主要在探討幾何中的兩個重要結果—三角形中的『孟氏定理』與『西瓦定理』推廣到平面上任意的『凸 邊形』與『凹 邊形』的相對應結果，甚至於我可以將『凸凹 邊形』換成『 條直線』，我發現亦可以得到類似的結果。在完成平面上的圖形推廣之後，我也試著思考其在立體空間中是否也有類似的推論，很幸運地也發現有類似平面多邊形的結果，目前已完成空間中任意『 個頂點多面體』的『孟氏共面定理』；此外，我也證明了空間中任意四面體的『西瓦共點定理』，同時以實例驗證空間中的『西瓦共點定理』在四角錐中的形式，進而找到『 個頂點多面體』的『西瓦共點定理』之形式，並已驗證其正確性。

本研究主要探討傾角對面轉變的影響與面轉變的原因。當柱體由肥皂水中拉起時，泡膜圖形可分為中央膜平行與垂直底面的形式，兩種形式因高的變化而互相轉換的過程稱為面轉變。三到六角柱傾角越大，面轉變時的高越大，反之亦然；六角柱可以面轉變，且在40°到45°之間有臨界角度存在。本研究以力與能量的角度解釋面轉變．泡膜藉由改變面積以達到最低的能量、維持穩定狀態，因此本研究計算、比較不同形式的泡膜面積，以解釋面轉變。我們同時發現三角錐與四角錐都不會發生面轉換；三角錐的實驗值多大於理論值，四角錐的實驗值則多小於理論值。