環境工程

近年空氣品質已是居住環境與健康的指標，「細懸浮微粒」充斥在空氣中，造成過敏，增加肺癌的危險。本研究探討懸浮微粒在受到重力、空氣阻力與空氣浮力影響後，形成分層。並利用VPython軟體模擬不同大小的懸浮微粒(pm10、pm2.5與pm1.0)於空間中碰撞及受到空氣阻力產生能量衰減，藉此了解不同微粒之分層現象。再實作以居住樓層不同的垂直高度，設計組裝架設「懸浮微粒三維偵測器」及物聯網。以台灣中部地區，日益增加的空汙狀況下，模擬以台中火力發電廠為例，探討其風向、地理環境、以擴散模式理論模擬後，選定數棟建築物，監測每棟建築物地面上不同高度的空氣品質數值。最後監測數值自動上傳至物聯網雲端資料庫 ThingSpeak，並可於使用者端監測及取得測量數值；期許再利用機器學習及歷史累積的三維空氣品質資料，將來更優化預測空氣品質數值之成效。

Nowadays, cooling open spaces in hot seasons without using fossil fuels has gained a lot of attention. In this regard, natural air conditioning is a great method for conserving energy that can be used for reducing energy consumption and environmental pollution. Structures like windcatchers are used for natural air conditioning as a building component in warm climates since they are placed in the path of the wind and direct the wind to play a significant role in reducing the temperature. The main objective of the current study is to explore air conditioning in open spaces based on sustainable architecture. The current study reviews the relevant literature from credible journals, and it includes studies with relevant subjects published from 1851 to 2021. The findings show that implementing this design project can result in significant advances in terms of reducing humidity, removing dust and insects from the air, conserving energy, reducing the global temperature, using renewable energies, and producing conditioned air for the area

矽元素因具有極高的理論電容和鋰攝取量(Li Uptake)而被認為是有潛力的鋰電池負極材料，然而該材料的特性使其在充放電時體積巨幅脹縮，造成結構碎裂，縮短了電池壽命。 本研究設計一套低耗能、低成本的製程，以現今台灣光伏產業大量難以回收之廢矽泥及鎂金屬為原料，將矽之粒徑縮小為奈米級以解決上述體積膨脹問題而成為極佳的鋰電池負極材料。 我們先將矽合成矽化鎂，再利用二氧化碳及氮氣的氧化還原反應製成多孔矽，隨後再利用創新的化學蝕刻法產出奈米矽。目前業界奈米矽的製備仍以高功率研磨為主，本研究首度使用銅離子、過氧化氫及氫氟酸作為蝕刻液，成功製造出平均粒徑100nm之負極材料。而過程中所使用的鎂粉可回收再使用，回收率高達94%，故幾乎無成本廢料排放，大幅降低當今鋰電池的生產成本，也落實防廢、再生、節能等綠色化學原則。

我們的研究是利用空氣盒子設計出一個裝置，用以觀察環境中懸浮微粒潮解膨脹現象。 我們觀察了由硝酸銨與硫酸銨各自以及不同比例與混合模式組成的懸浮微粒。純硝酸銨的潮解點不明顯，純硫酸銨有明顯的潮解點。內混合懸浮微粒有一個潮解點，並且出現3種類型的潮解行為，分別是偏向硝酸銨或硫酸銨以及過渡型，後者粒徑成長的比例會比前兩者來得高。外混合懸浮微粒有兩個潮解點，保留兩種成分各自的特性。 我們利用雨水觀察環境中懸浮微粒的潮解膨脹現象，將其與內混合懸浮微粒的潮解點與潮解行為做比較，來推估其成分與來源。確定我們的裝置能推估出主要的污染成分及來源。

聚對苯二甲酸乙二酯 (PET) 是一種常見的合成高分子材料，其被應用的範圍相當廣泛，如產品包裝、手提袋等，然而隨著人類的過度使用，越來越多的 PET 產品被發現有回收不當的現象。 文獻指出，醇解法為一具有反應條件簡單、反應過程溫和及較不會產生多餘副產物的解聚 PET 方法，且醇解法能使用非均相觸媒，具有易於分離觸媒的優勢，具工業化潛力。本研究嘗試利用廢電池中的鋅作為催化劑用以解聚 PET 成單體對苯二甲酸乙二酯（BHET），並深入討論影響反應進行的因素與發展應用。利用廢電池中的鋅作為催化劑不但成本低廉，也更能符合本研究的核心「綠色化學」。 本研究已透過最適化條件搜尋，發現能在催化劑使用量為 0.2 克、反應時間 4 小時、反應溫度 180 度時，解聚 5 克的 PET，有最佳效果之 BHET 產率 75.8% 和 PET 轉化率 93.2%。根據最適化反應條件，並比較不同種的鋅化合物做為催化劑，發現廢電池中的鋅作為催化劑催化反應，具有較佳的轉化率與產率。

Nowadays, cooling open spaces in hot seasons without using fossil fuels has gained a lot of attention. In this regard, natural air conditioning is a great method for conserving energy that can be used for reducing energy consumption and environmental pollution. Structures like windcatchers are used for natural air conditioning as a building component in warm climates since they are placed in the path of the wind and direct the wind to play a significant role in reducing the temperature. The main objective of the current study is to explore air conditioning in open spaces based on sustainable architecture. The current study reviews the relevant literature from credible journals, and it includes studies with relevant subjects published from 1851 to 2021. The findings show that implementing this design project can result in significant advances in terms of reducing humidity, removing dust and insects from the air, conserving energy, reducing the global temperature, using renewable energies, and producing conditioned air for the area

本研究利用自製包覆薄膜裝置，在濕粉圓表面包覆雙層海藻酸鈣薄膜(內層1.0%海藻酸鹽+外層0.5%海藻酸鹽)，經自然乾燥製成新型粉圓，可浸泡冷水不會崩解或破裂，且水分完全滲入粉圓內部僅需25分鐘；新型粉圓在泡水25分鐘後，其內部水分含量高達51.67%。新型粉圓要達到100%煮熟率之時間，僅乾粉圓的37.80%、濕粉圓的42.75%，省時效果十分明顯；而所消耗電能，僅乾粉圓的25.57%、濕粉圓的28.81%，節能效果極為顯著。新型粉圓經全質構分析(TPA)之彈性已達到商品化之水準，並經官能品評驗證，受試者對新型粉圓各項目之喜好程度均優於濕粉圓。最後，測試新型粉圓之水活性僅為0.684，其Aw值明顯低於一般微生物生長界限0.8，可在常溫下長時間貯存。

The lack of drinking water in human settlements triggers a series of problems that are linked and affect the development of humanity: health problems, lack of water security for companies, lack of jobs, insecurity, among others. We observe this problem in the communities of the municipality of Las Vigas de Ramírez, Veracruz, where there is a great problem with the water supply, although there is a high presence of mist. Faced with this situation, we undertook the task of investigating a water harvesting method that is easy to implement, operate and maintain. We investigated and analyzed the methods of mist condensation through physical barriers, finding that the polyethylene shadow mesh was the means to achieve this, because it allows the passage of the wind, it is very light, easy to manipulate and above all that it presents the phenomenon of percolation that allows water droplets of various diameters to be accommodated therein. We designed a device that allows to present a mist catchment area through a prismatic structure enabled with meshes and condensed water receivers, portable, easy to use and maintenance and very economical with a performance of 20 liters per day. To achieve our project, factors such as air humidity, dew point, wind speed and direction, height, temperatures and available spaces must be considered.

Microplastics are tiny invisible plastic pieces that are piling up in the marine environment emerging as one of the many environmental issues which our planet is facing today. Researches for the removal of these particles are important because studies that have been made so far haven't come up with an effective solution. This project aimed to detect microplastics and remove them from aqueous environments with an effective and practical method then it was aimed to determine the removal amount of microplastics by optical measurements with the developed system. Firstly, the magnetic carbonanotubes (m-CNT) which is intended to hold onto the surfaces of microplastics was synthesized and added to the mixture of microplastics. Then the magnet within a glass tube was passed through the mixture and the sample was cleared of microplastics. A spectrometer was made to monitor this process and after its calibration, it was used to measure coffees with different concentrations. It has been shown that their concentrations can be determined by calculating the transmission values and Rayleigh scattering. In the end, it has shown that there are no micro or nano-sized plastic particles when removed with M-CNT, within the accountable range of the spectrometer that had been made. Hence the removal of the microplastics: an invisible threat for the environment has been studied by combining nanomaterials with unique surface properties in the removal process and an optical principle such as Rayleigh scattering, a new technique has been developed that can measure quickly, economically,

Microplastics are tiny invisible plastic pieces that are piling up in the marine environment emerging as one of the many environmental issues which our planet is facing today. Researches for the removal of these particles are important because studies that have been made so far haven't come up with an effective solution. This project aimed to detect microplastics and remove them from aqueous environments with an effective and practical method then it was aimed to determine the removal amount of microplastics by optical measurements with the developed system. Firstly, the magnetic carbonanotubes (m-CNT) which is intended to hold onto the surfaces of microplastics was synthesized and added to the mixture of microplastics. Then the magnet within a glass tube was passed through the mixture and the sample was cleared of microplastics. A spectrometer was made to monitor this process and after its calibration, it was used to measure coffees with different concentrations. It has been shown that their concentrations can be determined by calculating the transmission values and Rayleigh scattering. In the end, it has shown that there are no micro or nano-sized plastic particles when removed with M-CNT, within the accountable range of the spectrometer that had been made. Hence the removal of the microplastics: an invisible threat for the environment has been studied by combining nanomaterials with unique surface properties in the removal process and an optical principle such as Rayleigh scattering, a new technique has been developed that can measure quickly, economically,