"When the Well is Dry, we will know the Worth of Water." Most of 埃及 and the world suffers from water and petrol shortage. With the current consumption rate, two-thirds of the world's population may face water shortages by 2025. These are water pollution, overpopulation, and agriculture, leading to wastewater from landfills and pipes that seep into the ground and may pollute the water, making it unfit for human consumption and waste more water. Besides, some accidents happen to water distribution and irrigation systems, causing a significant loss in water. According to the ministry of water resources, in 2016, the need for freshwater is 67 billion cubic meters. On the other hand, 埃及 receives only 55 billion cubic meters (2.6 billion cubic meters of them evaporate during runoff). Also, one of the wasting water methods in modern irrigation systems is water leakage from pipes as the water transmission and distribution lose about 31% of the produced water due to pipe leakage. Besides, every day more than 3.3 billion liters of treated water – 20 percent of the nation's supply and 234 million liters a day more than a decade ago – are lost through leaking pipes in England and Wales. Many reasons lead to leakage in pipes like water pressure, clogs, and corrosion. The leakage in pipes does not exist in the lines of water only. Also, the pipes in a petrol can cause dangerous accidents like the accident in the Bahira government that led to the death of 6 people and made 19 in a dangerous state. Our project designed a system that can detect fluid leakage and deal with it fast to prevent the wasting of fluid by using sensors and electronic circuits. Our system provides us with information about the fluid (like the amount of the flowing fluid and its speed). Therefore, if there is a difference in the reads, we understand that there is a leakage in this region, and the system will automatically stop the fluid flowing through the pipes. the system will locate all the leakage sites and send them to the mobile app with the amount wasted and the actions taken.

本研究首先製作「蔬菜紙吸管」，其耐水性及吸飲功能不佳，改以海藻膠製作吸管，經歷多次改良後的「第三代海藻膠吸管」其質地近似塑膠吸管，但吸飲功能仍然不佳。接著，以海藻膠為膠著劑；紅茶粉為骨材，成功製作出耐水性、吸飲功能較佳且可散發紅茶香氣的「紅茶吸管」。提高添加紅茶粉之比例，能有效提升吸管硬度，可應用在飲料封口膜之戳入，在冰水、熱水中均可長時間維持吸飲功能，製作大口徑「紅茶吸管」，可輕易吸飲波霸珍珠，徹底解決吸飲波霸珍珠之難題。自製擠出成型機械，可控制出料速度維持穩定，在滑軌上以直線移動，可製作出粗細一致且筆直的吸管，最後試製綠茶、咖啡、檸檬等調味吸管，均會飄出天然原料之香氣，頗具商品化之潛力。

The lack of drinking water in human settlements triggers a series of problems that are linked and affect the development of humanity: health problems, lack of water security for companies, lack of jobs, insecurity, among others. We observe this problem in the communities of the municipality of Las Vigas de Ramírez, Veracruz, where there is a great problem with the water supply, although there is a high presence of mist. Faced with this situation, we undertook the task of investigating a water harvesting method that is easy to implement, operate and maintain. We investigated and analyzed the methods of mist condensation through physical barriers, finding that the polyethylene shadow mesh was the means to achieve this, because it allows the passage of the wind, it is very light, easy to manipulate and above all that it presents the phenomenon of percolation that allows water droplets of various diameters to be accommodated therein. We designed a device that allows to present a mist catchment area through a prismatic structure enabled with meshes and condensed water receivers, portable, easy to use and maintenance and very economical with a performance of 20 liters per day. To achieve our project, factors such as air humidity, dew point, wind speed and direction, height, temperatures and available spaces must be considered.

鐵氧體是一種有特定晶體結構的複合氧化物，不溶於酸、鹼、鹽溶液和水。 鐵氧體法是目前較高效率、低成本處理六價鉻廢水的方法，該方法是利用亞鐵離子提供的電子將水溶液中的六價鉻還原成三價鉻，三價鉻取代鐵離子進入鐵氧體晶格後，形成鉻鐵氧體並沉澱。但在此過程中亞鐵離子只能提供一次電子，無法再次還原六價鉻。 目前已有文獻利用鐵氧體法達到99.68%的二鉻酸根去除率(1)。而在另一份文獻中指出，藉由亞鐵反應後形成的鐵離子與特定配體螯合，配體會釋出一個電子並使其再次還原成亞鐵離子(2)。根據這份文獻所指出的反應對鐵氧體法做出改良，進而達成亞鐵離子重複利用。目的是利用較少的亞鐵達到一樣甚至較高的去除率。 在我們的實驗中選擇了兩種配體。第一種是2,2'-聯吡啶，其是根據文獻的特定配體中選擇。第二種是乙二胺四乙酸二納，選擇它的理由是其對環境的危害較小。

大家好，我是國立臺灣師範大學附屬高級中學的呂宸昕，目前是高二，在2022醫療科技展中認識了明志科大劉定宇教授，並進入材料工程系的實驗室開始做實驗，看到學長姊處理基材結構的時候，就也決定投入SERS的研究，而我是選用昆蟲翅膀的仿生結構去做實驗，也將初步結果投稿到了國際期刊Polymers並且被接受刊登出來，非常感謝老師和教授協助。

Nowadays, cooling open spaces in hot seasons without using fossil fuels has gained a lot of attention. In this regard, natural air conditioning is a great method for conserving energy that can be used for reducing energy consumption and environmental pollution. Structures like windcatchers are used for natural air conditioning as a building component in warm climates since they are placed in the path of the wind and direct the wind to play a significant role in reducing the temperature. The main objective of the current study is to explore air conditioning in open spaces based on sustainable architecture. The current study reviews the relevant literature from credible journals, and it includes studies with relevant subjects published from 1851 to 2021. The findings show that implementing this design project can result in significant advances in terms of reducing humidity, removing dust and insects from the air, conserving energy, reducing the global temperature, using renewable energies, and producing conditioned air for the area

聚對苯二甲酸乙二酯 (PET) 是一種常見的合成高分子材料，其被應用的範圍相當廣泛，如產品包裝、手提袋等，然而隨著人類的過度使用，越來越多的 PET 產品被發現有回收不當的現象。 文獻指出，醇解法為一具有反應條件簡單、反應過程溫和及較不會產生多餘副產物的解聚 PET 方法，且醇解法能使用非均相觸媒，具有易於分離觸媒的優勢，具工業化潛力。本研究嘗試利用廢電池中的鋅作為催化劑用以解聚 PET 成單體對苯二甲酸乙二酯（BHET），並深入討論影響反應進行的因素與發展應用。利用廢電池中的鋅作為催化劑不但成本低廉，也更能符合本研究的核心「綠色化學」。 本研究已透過最適化條件搜尋，發現能在催化劑使用量為 0.2 克、反應時間 4 小時、反應溫度 180 度時，解聚 5 克的 PET，有最佳效果之 BHET 產率 75.8% 和 PET 轉化率 93.2%。根據最適化反應條件，並比較不同種的鋅化合物做為催化劑，發現廢電池中的鋅作為催化劑催化反應，具有較佳的轉化率與產率。

本研究使用聚胺基甲酸酯海綿為基材，藉由在表面吸附石墨烯材料使海綿具有超疏水性，使其能從水中有效分離出油類，達到油水分離的效果。我們研究出簡易自製氧化石墨烯的方法，並使用自創的照紫外光乙醇法將其還原成還原氧化石墨烯，接著吸附在海綿上，再使用十三氟辛基三乙氧基矽烷修飾石墨烯海綿，使其鍵結上具有超疏水性官能基。藉由測量海綿表面與水珠間的接觸角，我們找出了製做超疏水性海綿的最佳條件，最終完成了矽烷修飾還原氧化石墨烯聚胺基甲酸酯海綿(FS-rGO-PU Sponge)。 本研究超疏水性海綿的製程簡易、成本低且符合綠色化學，同時具有單位體積吸油量大，可多次重複使用等優點，我們除了測試其對食用油、礦物油的回收能力，並製作成可連續分離油水的裝置，可應用在工業、家庭廢油及海上油汙的回收，甚至可做為空氣清淨機或排油煙機的濾網。

近年空氣品質已是居住環境與健康的指標，「細懸浮微粒」充斥在空氣中，造成過敏，增加肺癌的危險。本研究探討懸浮微粒在受到重力、空氣阻力與空氣浮力影響後，形成分層。並利用VPython軟體模擬不同大小的懸浮微粒(pm10、pm2.5與pm1.0)於空間中碰撞及受到空氣阻力產生能量衰減，藉此了解不同微粒之分層現象。再實作以居住樓層不同的垂直高度，設計組裝架設「懸浮微粒三維偵測器」及物聯網。以台灣中部地區，日益增加的空汙狀況下，模擬以台中火力發電廠為例，探討其風向、地理環境、以擴散模式理論模擬後，選定數棟建築物，監測每棟建築物地面上不同高度的空氣品質數值。最後監測數值自動上傳至物聯網雲端資料庫 ThingSpeak，並可於使用者端監測及取得測量數值；期許再利用機器學習及歷史累積的三維空氣品質資料，將來更優化預測空氣品質數值之成效。

Microplastics are tiny invisible plastic pieces that are piling up in the marine environment emerging as one of the many environmental issues which our planet is facing today. Researches for the removal of these particles are important because studies that have been made so far haven't come up with an effective solution. This project aimed to detect microplastics and remove them from aqueous environments with an effective and practical method then it was aimed to determine the removal amount of microplastics by optical measurements with the developed system. Firstly, the magnetic carbonanotubes (m-CNT) which is intended to hold onto the surfaces of microplastics was synthesized and added to the mixture of microplastics. Then the magnet within a glass tube was passed through the mixture and the sample was cleared of microplastics. A spectrometer was made to monitor this process and after its calibration, it was used to measure coffees with different concentrations. It has been shown that their concentrations can be determined by calculating the transmission values and Rayleigh scattering. In the end, it has shown that there are no micro or nano-sized plastic particles when removed with M-CNT, within the accountable range of the spectrometer that had been made. Hence the removal of the microplastics: an invisible threat for the environment has been studied by combining nanomaterials with unique surface properties in the removal process and an optical principle such as Rayleigh scattering, a new technique has been developed that can measure quickly, economically,