2004年

如果n-1 個正四面體在n 個面的多面體棋盤中翻轉(如：正八面體、正二十面體、五邊雙菱錐及三角錐台棋盤)，則正四面體相互之間會受到很多限制。本研究為探討n-1 個正四面體在n 個面的多面體棋盤中，利用其翻轉的特性，翻轉至相鄰空格，進而完成：1. 每個正四面體的底面及側面均能「同色共面」。2. 在滿足以上的兩個條件下做「數字排序」。3. 探討每個遊戲在各階段是否有解的情形。最後，將遊戲推廣至正八面體在多面體棋盤中的翻轉。If n-1 pyramids can turn in the chessboard of n planes pyramids (ex: 8 planes pyramid, 20 planes pyramid, 5 sides bi rhombus pyramid and triangular pyramid chessboard) there are lost of restrictions between these pyramids. This research is discussing about the n-1 pyramids in the chessboard of n planes multi pyramid, which have the peculiarity of turn that can turn to nearby space. We found that: 1. Each pyramid’s button plane and aide plane can be “same plane same color”. 2. Matching about 2 conditions then can do “order by numbers”. 3. Search for answers of each levels in each game. Finally, the game will be propagated to eight planes pyramid can turn on the chessboard of multi pyramid.

Now Artificial Neural Networks using on the basic math is fewer. This paper is to suggest the Linear equation of the basic math using the BP Artificial Neural Networks. The BP Neural Networks have power ability for learning and can approximate any function, and regularity can be found to solve the linear equation. A good sample is one of the important elements for learning of Artificial Neural Networks. Generally, the samples are a lot of amount for the resolution of Linear equation. This paper is to use the principle of two points decide one line for the samples. The experiment shows that this method curtails many samples. Furthermore we also use Artificial Neural Networks to solve the problem of point-slope form. The experiment result is very satisfactory, and it offers some idea for the basic math using Artificial Neural Networks.目前人工神經網路較少用於基礎數學方面的求解，本文針對基礎數學直線方程式提出BP 人工神經網路應用於求解直線方程式，運用其很強的學習能力、(輸入向量和其對應的目標向量來訓練網路、逼近函數)，尋求規律來求解直線方程式；而良好的樣本是人工神經網路學習的重要條件之一，一般解決直線方程式需要大量樣本，本文利用二點決定一直線的原理來解決樣本問題，實驗結果顯示，這一方法成功的縮短了可觀的學習樣本，此外我們也運用BP 人工神經網路來求解點斜式的直線方程式問題，實驗結果是可行的，並且為人工神經網路用於基礎數學提供了一些思考方向。

此研究是探討在目前全球因聖嬰現象後北極暖化，造成溫度持續在三十年內以每年上升攝氏零點五度，目前多數資料以顯示，對於地球內的生物生態產生了微妙的變化，在本文中將引述著名雜誌─科學人雜誌所刊登之關於全球暖化造成的生態環境影響；然而早在三億五千萬年前就已存在地球上的古老生物─蟑螂，順利的度過了多次的大滅絕，走過冥霜與煉獄。但是否會因為暖化作用而造成其生態影響呢？他又會不會成為少數存留並且大量繁殖的征服者呢？所以我們開始查詢白堊紀之資料，在研究、討論並製作改造完成實驗室氣溫控制冷熱溫差調節器，並從專業研究蟑螂生態的業界專業實驗室取得同一時期的實驗蟑螂物種，以期待本實驗更能具有更高的正確可信度；於特殊自行改造的觀察箱內進行整個實驗，已改變溫度並測量其進食狀況，瞭解蟑螂在溫度變化下的生態狀況。\r \r It’s easy to find the cockroach at any corner, such as school or house. They also hide in the refrigerator and stove.Thus,we are curious why they have durable vitality. This is the reason why we want to uncover the mysterious veil. According to data, we are curious about the environment of the cockroach and the temperature.Therefore,we want to imitate the situation of the ecosystem temperature at that time and inquire into its mystery. The purpose of Research is to make the violent changes, then discussing the meal which has attained its biggest existence rate. This uncontrolled experiment will influence the accuracy by factors.Therefore,we go to visit the laboratory personally and obtain some species of cockroach. Through the professional explanation and introductions, we make sure the direction of this experiment further. In this experiment we measure their appetite and the controls of the temperature everyday. They almost can crawl quickly along any material. We adopt the professional suggestion to measure with CO2 and O2.When the cockroach inhales CO2,we can observe the construction of the each part carefully. Through long-term observation, the food of the cockroach decreases, when the temperature rises to 20.6℃ or declines to 16.3℃,and it will stop moving when the temperature rises to 31.8℃ or declines to 8.7℃. When the temperature rises rapidly or reduce more than 15℃,the cockroach will look for shelter. Besides they easily get fainted when cockroach inhales CO2 without soil. The dinosaur were all buried underground, but why can the cockroach survive up to now? Probably, large land is their savior! Our conclusion is (1)The temperature that cockroach can exist from 49℃ to 3℃.(2)The suitable environment of cockroach growth is between 28.5℃ and 25℃.(3)The cockroach maintains their existence by eating under the low temperature 20℃ to 15 ℃.(4)Above 32℃ and under 7℃ the antenna is close to ground, its life is weaker.(5)The cockroach almost can live at any dilemma. But it can’t keep the prosperous life when it’s short of water.(6)From the above cockroach will be king of the world forever.

It is extremely costly to care for elderly people who have suffered a serious fall. Thus, doctors welcome a device or method to identify people prone to falling, to reduce elderly health costs and enable those identified as “fallers” to take precautions. Recently, a Sound Wave Assessment (SWA) device was developed to determine if tested human subjects were prone to falling. It is based on the concept that all humans exhibit postural sway while standing stationarily. The device employs two sonar transducers, which emit and receive ultrasonic pulse signals. The first transducer is positioned on a tripod, while the second is attached to the lower back of the human subject. Each transducer emits ultrasonic modulation pulses, which are detected by the other transducer. The distance between the two transducers is calculated from the time taken for the pulses to travel from the sender to the receiver. Hence, we can measure the small displacement fluctuations of the standing human subject, both approaching and receding from a static transducer, as a function of time.

洗潔劑分散系泡膜的變化十分有趣，是否能用吹泡法比較表面張力大小？沾黏在立體的框上會怎麼樣？能否由框上薄膜面積大小討論界面劑的化學性質呢？

One of the anthropogenic influences on the permafrost landscapes is deforestation and breach of the surface cover at the road constructions. On these areas a development of various cryogenic and postcryogenic processes and features (thermosubsidence, knobs (bilars, baydjarakhs), ravines, small lakes - djyodje) is being observed. Such features can be observed on the territory of Megino- Kangalassky Region, which is situated in the Central Yakutia, as well. During the period from 1998 to 2003 the author carried out monitoring studies of cryogenic features along three roads. Ten areas measuring twenty square metres were put in all. During 6 years of research about 1520 measurements of cryogenic formations parameters were made. Based on the results, it is concluded that elimination of the shadowing effect by trees and removal of the surface cover along the roads have caused thawing of shallow-lying ice wedges, as well as development of various cryogenic processes and features. In this paper, the author presents the basic technologies which are used in road construction in permafrost areas and, based on the research results, proposes a set of measures for rehabilitation of the roadside areas.

在利用電腦螢幕來瀏覽圖形式資訊的時候，常常受限於螢幕的空間，沒有辦法在顯示\r 資訊整體結構的同時顯現細節部分的資料，目前的使用者介面所採用的方法有放大（zoom\r in）、捲動（scrolling）、開啟多個視窗（multiple view）等方法，這些方法雖然可以呈現出資\r 料的細節部分，但是仍有其個別的缺點存在，放大的方式會有遮蔽的情形；捲動的方式無\r 法同時地呈現整體結構；開啟多個視窗的方法使得使用者的眼睛必須在這些視窗間來回的\r 移動，造成麻煩。\r 魚眼鏡頭是一種短焦距、大視角的相機鏡頭，鏡頭成像的時候，越接近鏡頭中心的物\r 體會越放大而越遠的部分會越縮小，藉著發掘魚眼鏡頭的成像函數，我們發展出了一種新\r 的使用者介面，在瀏覽圖形式資訊的時候，能夠顯示整體的結構，並隨著滑鼠游標的移動，\r 以不開啟新視窗及無遮蔽的方式，即時地將想要觀察的部分局部放大以展現細部的資料，\r 這種使用者介面將具備現有方法的優點而無其缺點。\r Browsing the global structure of a large graph in limited screen space has the drawback that details\r are often too small to be seen. The most common solution provides a scrollable view. This shows full\r details at the region currently visible through the view, but hides the rest of the global structure.\r Alternatively, zooming into a part of the graph does show local details but misses the overall structure of\r the graph. The multiple views approach, one view of the entire graph and the other of a zoomed portion,\r has the advantage of seeing both local details and overall structure, but has the drawback that parts of the\r graph adjacent to the enlarged area are not visible at all in the enlarged views.\r A fisheye camera lens is a very wide angle lens that magnifies nearby objects while shrinking distant\r objects. It seems to be a tool for seeing local detail and global structure simultaneously. By means of\r exploring fisheye camera lens, we develop a user interface for browsing graphs using program analog of\r fisheye lens. Thus, our method seems to have all the advantages of the other approaches without suffering\r from any of the drawbacks.\r \r

我們的研究報告，是對校園中所種植的各種變葉木所做的一個研究，經過一連串的實驗證明後，我們確信花青素對變葉木的光合作用會有所影響。接著，我們測定出未氧化的植物色素與已氧化的植物色素吸光能力有很大的差異，我們假設花青素可以吸收某些特定波長的光以防止植物色素的氧化程度過強，實驗後證明我們的假設是正確的。另一方面，我們預期花青素具有保溫的機制，故設計了一個在低溫下花青素可保溫的實驗以證明之，結果和我們的假設相符合。我們預期花青素可利用保溫的特性降低植物因低溫所造成的傷害，減少農業上的損失。This study is about the Codiaeum variegatum which is grown on campus. After a series of experiments, it was proved that “anthocyanin” has a significant influence on the photosynthesis processing in Codiaeum variegatum. A great difference in the pigment of plant’s light-absorbing ability between the oxidized plants and the non-oxidized ones was also found in the experiments. Therefore, it was supposed that anthocyanin could absorb some special range of wavelength to avoid the pigment of plant to over-oxidize. The result of this experiment is in accordance with our supposition. In addition, we anticipated that anthocyanin has the ability to stay warm. By a designed experiment we successfully found that the result is exactly the same as our assumption. According to the findings of our study, we expect the characteristic -- ”staying warm” of anthocyanin could be applicable to decrease the harm to plants caused by the low temperature, and thereby to reduce the loss in agriculture.

安非他命的濫用在台灣是非常嚴重的公眾健康及社會問題。安非他命會導致一連串的行為異常，包括在中腦紋狀體內釋放多巴胺及阻止多巴胺回收來增加使用者的活動力。由於安非他命會對腦細胞造成傷害，本研究的目的為探討低劑量、無立即毒性之安非他命(類似於人類使用習慣)長期施打下，是否會對C57BL6 小鼠大腦紋狀體內的蛋白質表現有影響。因此利用西方點墨法分析施打低劑量安非他命(2 到6 mg/kg) 約一星期之後，C57BL6 小鼠的大腦紋狀體中一些重要蛋白質(包括腺.酸受體A2A-R、第五亞型腺.酸環化.AC5、caspase-8 及PARP) 的表現是否有改變。實驗結果顯示，低劑量安非他命處理對這些蛋白質的表現並沒有明顯的差異。但利用二維電泳法可看到有少許蛋白質，在經過安非他命處理下有顯著的差別，如KIAA0193 homolog 、GOS-28、gammacrystallin A、malate dehydrogenase 和phosphoglycerate mutase isozyme B (PGAM-B)。這些蛋白質中，malate dehydrogenase 和PGAM-B 與代謝和產生ATP 有關，但前者是增加的，而後者減少，推測安非他命會影響神經細胞的能量代謝，因此長期施打安非他命對紋狀體造成的影響值得進一步探討。;The wide spreading use of amphetamine (AMPH) in Taiwan has become a serious public health and social problem. AMPH evokes a series of behavior abnormality including enhanced locomotor behavior by releasing dopamine and inhibiting dopamine-uptake in the striatum. Since AMPH is known to cause brain damage, the purpose of this study is to investigate the expression of several important proteins in the striatum of C57BL6 mice after chronic treatment with low and non-toxic dosages of AMPH (mimicking the common usage pattern of AMPH addict). C57BL6 mice were daily IP-injected with various dosages of AMPH (0 to 6 mg/kg) for one week. Expression levels of A2A adenosine receptor (A2A-R), adenylyl cyclase type V (AC5), caspase-8 and PARP in the striatum were analyzed by Western blotting analysis. Most proteins examined were not affected by this 1-week AMPH treatment. By the aid of two-dimensional gel electrophoresis, expressions of a few striatal proteins (such as KIAA0193 homolog, GOS-28, gammacrystallin A, malate dehydrogenase and phosphoglycerate mutase isozyme B (PGAM-B) in AMPH-treated mice were altered. Note that malate dehydrogenase and PGAM-B are two enzymes involved in energy metabolism and ATP generation. Interestingly, the former was increased and while the latter was decreased in AMPH-treated mice. Collectively AMPH may affect the energy metabolism in neuronal cells. These results suggest that the injury induced by long-term AMPH exposure warrants our further concerns and investigation.

Successful calving is measured by the safe delivery of a healthy calf. Any factors that\r cause dystocia (difficult calving) are undesirable; as it will result in weak or dead calves, stress\r dams and a decrease in profit to the rancher. The most often identified reason for dystocia are\r calves that are too large at birth. Ranchers frequently use sires that will result in calves with\r small birth weights that will be born easy. This is especially true when breeding first calving\r heifers. The selection for small calves at birth results not only in less growth in the uterus but\r also less growth after birth, which means less beef to sell. This means ranchers try to balance\r reasonable growth and reasonable calf size when selecting their sires. Much data has been\r published on birth weight and its selection.