全國中小學科展

2002年

讓美麗永恆

我一直在想,為什麼植物的美麗不能永恆呢?美麗的花朵,伴隨答淡雅的香氣,往往能美化環境,更能淨化人心,自小生長在鄉間的我,更能感受到這份來自花草的神奇力量,因此深深愛上這花草世界.但為何花朵的美麗總是短暫,為了想讓植物開花的時間長久,於是,我著手進行在自然科技雜誌及網路上搜尋相關的資料及訊息,但是找到的大多都是使生長速率變快的報告,卻找不到使生長速率變慢的報告。終於,曾經有人運用圓周運動的原理,而成功的使動物的生長速率變慢,於是,我針對直線運動及圓周運動分別依速度快及速度慢來分成四組,以及一組靜止狀態的綠豆,將五組實驗後的數據相互作比較,結果發現,除了陽光、水、空氣、土壤、養分及本身具有的胚胎外,在不同的運動狀態下也會影響到植物的生長速率 ·I was thinking about the reason why the beauty of plants couldn’t last forever. The beauty of flowers that accompanied with sweet-smelling could beautify the landscapes and purify our heart. I felt strongly about the magic power of the plant because I lived in the country in my childhood. Therefore, I loved plants deeply. Why was the beauty of flowers transient? As a result. I started to search for the related data and information on science and technology magazines and Internet. Most of the reports increase the growth rate of plants, but I cou1dn find the reports about slowing down the growth rate.At last, someone had successfully used the principle of circumference movement to slow down the growth rate of animals. Therefore, I focused on linear and circumference movement and divided them into four groups and one group of green beans with still state. I compared the data of five groups, and found that different movement affected the growth rate of plants m addition to sun, water, air, soil, and embryo.

太陽電池薄膜的製作一利用溶膠一凝膠及沈積法製作太陽電池二極體薄膜

能源之獲得為當今半導體科技要突破所必須克服的課題,尤其須顧及到環保之要求。所以太陽能之研究及使用已經越趨重要之地位。本實驗用天然的染色子(葉綠素 A 及亞甲藍)當作觸媒劑加在自行研製的太陽電池薄膜: Cul /光敏物質/TiO? P-N型結構。光敏物質/ CuI/ Cu plate P-型結構。 光敏物質TiO?/ SnO?/glaaa N-型結構。不同層次薄膜分別是以溶膠凝膠法及化學沉積法將 TIO?及CuI長在玻璃甚板、鋼基板及 TIO?薄膜上。本實驗的太陽電池薄膜生長速率極其穩定 ( Cul : 0 . 25um/hr , TIO? :2um/hr) ,薄膜照光電壓 0 .01~0 .1V ,照光電流 0 . 030~0 . 050 mA/cm2。

IF鋼在不同酸液中腐蝕行為之探討

IF鋼在鹽酸溶液中之腐蝕速度隨鹽酸濃度之增加而增加。12M之硝酸溶液對IF鋼具最強腐蝕性,而最低(0.1M)及最高(16M)濃度之硝酸溶液對IF鋼之腐蝕性則相對較弱。硫酸對IF鋼之腐蝕速度則由低濃度至高濃度呈現極大變化,當硫酸濃度由0.1M漸增至3M時腐蝕速度亦隨之增加,爾後腐蝕速率減小,至硫酸濃度由8M時反而呈現極大之重量增加。由於表面腐蝕層不適於XRD分析,故由EDS結合FTIR分析得知H?SO?/8M-24hrs.情況下試片表面之腐蝕層為Fe?O?。由SEM觀察發現腐蝕速率較大之條件,如HCI/12M-1min.及HNO?/12M-1min.處理過後,試片表面甚至出現具晶體對稱性之蝕恐。由本研究之初步成果發現:是溫下可以利用中等濃度(如8M)之硫酸液來處理鋼鐵,使之表面生成一緻密之氧化鐵(Fe?O?),達到防蝕之效果。IF (interstitials free) steel was processed in various aqueous acid solutions to observe the corrosion behavior. The corrosion rate of IF steel in HCI(aq) increases with the concentration of HCI(aq). HNO?(aq) with concentration of 12M was observed to be the most aggressive for IF steel. The corrosion rate of IF steel in H?SO? solution increases from 0.1M to 3M and then decreases gradually with the concentration. A large amount of weight gain even observed when the concentration was 8M. The protective layer produced during H?SO?/8M-24hurs. treatment was analyzed to be Fe?O? by using SEM (Scanning Electron Microscope), EDS (Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy) and FTIR (Fourier Transform infrared). Etch pits with crystallographic symmetry were observed on the specimens treated with conditions HCI/12M-imin. and HNO?/12M-1min. Processing condition H?SO?/8M-24hrs. could be employed in corrosion prevention for IF steel under ambient environment.

導電高分子發光二極體製作及性能研究

高分子發光二極體乃是利用電子和電洞在發光工作層結合而形成激子,激子在形成後隨即以光的形式衰退,而發出光來。一般而言,高分子發光二極體是一種三明治的形式,電子注入層/發光工作層(高分子)/電動注入層,而通常我們會選擇加入電子傳遞層和電動傳遞層,來增加其發光效果。本研究係針對聚苯胺做為電洞傳遞層對發光二極體之影響,分別對有電洞傳遞曾和無電洞傳遞層之發光二極體作導電度測量、循環伏安法、電位-電流測量、亮度-電位測量。發光二極體中所須之高分子層,須利用旋轉塗佈機,將其均勻的披覆在載體上,由於本校並無此儀器,所以將離心機改造成簡易旋轉塗佈機,並觀察其披附之效果。另外,在封裝元件時,係因學校缺乏真空蒸鍍的儀器,所以將利用電鍍法把鋅鍍在ITO玻璃上,或將鋁片和ITO玻璃緊靠在一起,針對此二替代方法,本研究將探討其所製出原件成效。Polymer light emitting diode (PLED) utilizes the energy gap between the layer of electron and electric hole that emits the light due to the decay of solitron. PLED is always in the sandwich from, that means the conducting polymer is contained between metal as an cathode and indium tin oxide as an anode. It is used the addition of another electric transfer layer and electric hole transfer layer to improve the lighting efficiency of PLED. The purposes of this study are to discuss the effect of polyaniline as the electric hole transfer layer. The study methods are conductivity measure, the cyclic voltametry, the luminance-voltage curve. The simplified spin coating machine was designed to coat the polymer onto the ITO. The zinc was electroplated onto the graphite as an cathode.

The Free-D Elevator System

Miracles in life originate from daily life itself. What can be imagined can really be achieved. Hong Kong, as an international city, is small in area and densely populated. To utilize space, tall buildings inevitably emerge. Taking elevators has therefore become the daily routine of everyone of us. However, problems abound with the present elevator system. You have probably gone through the dreadful episode of waiting long for an elevator to come, and passage being interrupted by unreasonably frequent stops. Besides, it wastes space, since each elevator tube can only accommodate one elevator. This is why our Free-D Elevator System will revolutionize the present one. It consists of a large cylindrical tube, which can be divided into several smaller, imaginary sector-shaped tubes. In each small tube a large number of elevators move vertically by magnetic levitation. The elevators can also rotate from one tube to another, thereby avoiding collision. This innovative design will substantially increase the number of available elevators for given space. Most importantly, it is highly feasible.

Still Ain't Lichen This

To measure the air quality of the city of Prince George by using lichen as bio-indicators of pollution.

Tharn Din-Alternative Energy Source of The Future

This scientific research project “Tharn Din - Alternative Energy Source of the Future” is directed toward producing a new type of soil charcoal. Tharn Din, with excellent combustibility. The experiments were divided into six steps. First, we selected soils of exceptional adhesion property Next, we looked into many different combustible materials for soil admixtures. Many different formulas of soils and admixtures were tested. The most promising formulas were then optimized for maximum combustibility. After which, the best formula was chosen and we further optimized its combustibility. Combustion and ignition rate and characteristics of this formula were investigated. And lastly the effect of surface area on combustible rate was examined. It was found that mud was the best adhesive and wood chip was the best admixture. Tharn Din made of one part of mud and 3 parts of wood chips released higher thermal energy than normal charcoals. We found that a special type of Thai soil, Din See-eaw, when mixed with wood chips created Tharn Din of exceptional combustibi1it Ignition and combustible rates are proportional to the surface area of Tharn Din.

確認傳染性胰臟壞死病毒之VP3蛋白質進出細胞核的序列

IPNV 已是世界性分布的魚類病原體,其感染對象以鮭魚、?魚為主,但也在其他魚類分離出來,如鰻魚、吳郭魚、梭子魚、鱈魚、鱸魚、文蛤、泥鰍、虱目魚、香魚、金龍、石斑、等中皆曾發現IPNV之感染。足見此病毒廣泛地存在於魚貝類,常造成經濟魚貝類的重大損失。感染性胰臟壞死病毒之致病株,可造成魚類急性感染,而大量死亡。非致病株 ,不會造成大量死亡。國科會整合計劃之一其研究結果顯示,非致病株IPNV感染石斑魚死亡率只有10%,若病毒與重金屬同時存在時,會有55~92%死亡率; 在弧菌(Vibrio)與IPNV混合感染,亦有相似結果,此說明單一病毒感染魚貝類或單一環境因子,都不會造成大量死亡,但病毒和環境因子加在一起,引發大量死亡。所以對IPNV的防治是很重要的,所以針對病毒基因加以研究,IPNV是一種兩段雙股核糖核酸病毒,複製是在其細胞內的,但其團譯出的VP3中,已經證明與雙祋核糖核酸結合有關。近發現Michelle Donnelly及Gillain Elliott 的研究論文"Nuclear Localiziont and Shuttling of Herpes Simplex Virus Tegumnet Pretin"中,證明了HSV病毒所轉譯出的蛋白質VP13及VP14中,密集出現精胺酸(Arginine)的地方具有能將蛋白質帶入細胞核內的功能,而攜出細胞核的序列則有斷續的白胺酸(Leucine)出現。我們發現了傳染性胰臟壞死病毒(IPNV)病毒的轉譯出的VP3中也有能將蛋白質帶入或帶出細胞核的按基酸序列,故欲利用實驗證明是否有類似將蛋白質送進及送出的訊息,以便進一步探討VP3是否進入細胞核直接調控細胞核的某些功能。

The Sunflower Peeler

It is used by pigeon owners, farmers and squatters. The machine peels thesunflower seeds and leaves them separate from each other. The seeds can be used for pigeons,birds and making of flour. The shells of the seeds can be used as compost and ferilizer. This is an eco-friendly system.

SPAREWHEELALERT

It is used by practically everyone that has vehicle. The device checks your spare wheel and wams you when it is going flat.