四等獎

Harmful microorganisms in food can cause deterioration of human health, poisoning and in some cases even death. Especially fresh meat and chicken products create a suitable environment for the growth of microorganisms in terms of the nutrients it contains, water activity and pH level. For this reason, detection of microorganisms in meat products is an important issue in terms of food safety and human health. In this project, it is aimed to detect live microorganisms in meat products, especially chicken meat, in a simple, non-destructive, non-contact and fast way using laser speckle method. Laser speckle images of healthy and stale chicken meat were taken, contrast parameter and correlation analysis of the obtained patterns were made. It was observed that the contrast parameter for staled chicken meat increased by approximately 3 times compared to fresh chicken. This increase provides an understanding of the difference between contaminated chicken and fresh chicken. Speckle density changes over time in relation to the movements of living microorganisms. Thus, the correlation in laser speckle density patterns taken from contaminated tissues is disrupted. In the measurements taken with photodiode, by analyzing the change of light intensity of the speckle patterns on fresh and contaminated tissues over time, the detection of microorganisms was made easier and more precisely without the need for image processing. The proposed measurement system is a new method that detects meat contamination with laser speckle imaging. It can be developed and made portable and can be used easily in homes. Since it is a simple, non-destructive and fast method, it can be used to determine the shelf life of meat in food distribution places and markets. In addition, it has the potential to be calibrated and used for other food products other than meat products. The system developed with this study is cheap and easy to use, and the laser speckle imaging method is used in a different field other than biomedical, contributing to the literature.

此研究期望找到穩定磁浮的方法及探討產生磁浮振盪的變因。首先利用吸附上鐵材的磁浮體，觀察其造成的磁浮減震。實驗過程藉由變動磁場，發現週期性變動的磁通量對鐵磁體的磁化及渦電流產生影響，進而改變磁振盪振幅。本實驗也利用了磁場的橫向位移帶動轉動中的磁浮體，藉此觀察磁浮體轉動對磁浮穩定的影響。研究結果得知磁場的交變頻率越大，會導致磁浮體所受斥力增加且鐵磁體形成的減振效果減緩。而磁浮體的轉速越快，周圍磁路分布越平均，越容易穩定隨載具移動。

在程式專案開發中，偵測錯誤常為最耗時的環節，進而影響整個專案的開發時長。而現今雖有些許輔助開發者提升偵錯效能的工具，但這些工具也只能藉由提供編譯執行中的資訊讓開發者省去偵錯時的繁瑣步驟，仍須開發者自行評估每段程式碼的正確性。此研究透過程式段落分析與資訊檢索實現自動錯誤定位，在每個程式段落標記其成為臭蟲（bug）的可能性。在程式段落分析中，執行使用者之原始碼，並透過歸納最終結果為正確及錯誤之執行路徑差異分析出每個程式段落的可疑性。接著運用資訊檢索技術於資料庫中找尋相似之原始碼，並參考其偵錯結果優化現有之可疑性，形成最終之可疑性排名。此研究不只結合了上述兩種技術，更優化可疑程度之計算方法以及資訊檢索中的相似度比對機制，達到更完善的錯誤定位。（此指「臭蟲」非語法錯誤（Syntax Errors），而為邏輯錯誤（Logic Errors）。）

溫熱化學治療(Hyperthermic Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy, 簡稱HIPEC)，為將化療藥物加熱後灌注到腹腔內殺死癌細胞，但溫熱化學治療只能在開刀時使用，治療次數有限。為達到多次的熱化療效果，本研究開發奈米氧化鐵藥物磁性複合微粒(Nano iron oxide magnetic drug complex particles, NIOMP)，可利用開刀時包覆複合微粒於腹腔，術後用磁場加熱，加上微粒化療藥物釋放，達到多次溫熱化學治療。NIOMP以鐵氧化物奈米粒子為核心，海藻酸鈉為外殼體，利用電紡法將前其與氯化鈣交聯產生凝聚性微粒。數據顯示最佳製作條件為16 kv高電壓、距離4 cm、噴速5μm/s，可得直徑大小約為200~450 μm穩定性高微粒。藥物釋放實驗顯示，NIOMP於2~7小時藥物釋放速率較穩定。利用可變磁場之電磁效應加熱NIOMP中氧化鐵磁顆粒，可於30分鐘內快速升溫至43℃。細胞相容性測試結果得知，NIOMP對細胞無毒性。本研究改善HIPEC的治療限制，可多次針對腫瘤患部局部熱化學治療，未來將可改善病人存活率。

The Aedes aegypti mosquito is one of the main transmitters of viral diseases in countries close to the equator. This vector promotes a series of generalized endemics that are difficult to control and prevent in these regions. Furthermore, the presence of bacteria in the environment favors the proliferation of mosquito larvae, which increases the probability of Aedes aegypti reproductive success. The Araçzeiro (Psidium guineense Sw.) is a plant present throughout the Brazilian Atlantic Forest and has in its composition, especially in the leaves, several substances that can be used to solve problems. Thus, we sought to verify the activity of flavonoids and polyphenols in terms of their antibacterial potential and the performance of saponins in their larvicidal potential, as well as surfactant, in order to prevent the accommodation of the mosquito in the water at the time of egg deposition and larvae respiration. The saponins were extracted from the araçazeiro leaf using a hydroalcoholic solvent and the flavonoids/polyphenols using methanol, the latter being subsequently rotaevaporated to maintain the non-toxic nature of the extract. Through the aqueous extracts, the content of total saponins by UV-VIS spectrophotometry, surfactant activity, larvicidal activity and toxicity were determined. In relation to the ethanolic extracts, the content of polyphenols and total flavonoids by UV-VIS spectrophotometry and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), antibacterial activity and toxicity were determined. The results showed that the aqueous extract has a satisfactory amount of saponins, as well as a surfactant potential due to the formation of foam and larvicidal activity in the two highest concentrations of the extracts. Ethanol extracts showed phenolic acids, especially gallic and ellagic acid, and flavonoids, especially catechin and quercetin, and antibacterial activity in most of the worked concentrations. Both extracts (aqueous and ethanolic) showed a dominant nontoxic character, which favors their use without risk to the environment, having an alternative and sustainable potential for controlling the proliferation of the Aedes aegypti mosquito.

平常聽音樂時經常有種似曾相識的感覺。為了描述這種感覺，我們展開了複音音樂片段相似性度量的研究。因為曾經使用過最長公共子序列實作卻效果不如預期，我們將音樂片段正規化後，視為座標平面上的時間、音高點對的集合，使用點對應與二分圖匹配的方法，定義兩個複音音樂片段的相似度為最大權重匹配的平均邊權。我們計算了資料集(JKUPDD)中相同、相異的音樂片段的相似性，調整算法中的參數，找出最適合的參數組合，並且透過音符之間的權重，畫出自相似度矩陣，發現樂曲中的重複片段。

蚊蟲呼吸透過氣管系統，本研究假設底棲孑孓與搖蚊幼蟲具備血紅蛋白系統以擷取氧氣。戶外採集8種孑孓和1種搖蚊幼蟲，錄影觀察白腹叢蚊、竹生翠蚊和鹽埕搖蚊幼蟲長時間停留底層；家蚊、斑蚊則反覆上下至水面呼吸。顯微鏡下發現白腹叢蚊幼蟲體壁內側充滿紅點，色澤隨著富氧或缺氧而變化；然二種斑蚊則不明顯。PCR增殖6種蚊蟲和1種搖蚊血紅蛋白基因片段並建構親緣關係樹。定量RT-PCR顯示，白腹叢蚊與鹽埕搖蚊在缺氧條件下，血紅蛋白相對表現量分別增加5倍和150倍，上層埃及斑蚊和白線斑蚊則增加3.9倍和1.5倍。西方墨點法證實孑孓缺氧條件下，17-kDa血紅蛋白皆有大量表現。本研究首次確定6種蚊蟲具血紅蛋白基因，證明孑孓血紅蛋白基因在缺氧下的表現量增加，包括mRNA與蛋白質。此等反應氣候變遷，暖化導致水溫升高與低溶氧條件下，蚊蟲可能有因應環境改變的呼吸機制。未來將進一步標幟血紅蛋白在蚊幼蟲體內組織之表現與其他環境變因之影響。

閩南語有句俗諺：「打斷手骨顛倒勇」，人能在受傷後成長，越挫越勇，那植物呢？本研究發現，綠豆葉片在預先接受戳洞的物理刺激後，對生長不僅不會造成負面影響，更反而能提升綠豆耐鹽能力！隨著戳洞數增加或是延長戳洞後放置時間，皆能增強綠豆的耐鹽能力。深入研究結果顯示，戳洞刺激可能藉由鈣離子作為訊號傳遞分子，最終提升綠豆體內抗氧化酵素活性，藉此降低植物在逆境下的氧化傷害，提升其耐鹽能力。未來期望能將研究成果推廣至農業應用上，使其在面對天災人禍時，可以減少農損。

將鋼球放入一個鉛直站立的圓環凹槽內，當圓環由靜止開始轉動的過程中，鋼球沿著圓環向上運動，經過我們設計並改良的實驗架設，製作出穩定的實驗裝置進行量測，探討各種變因對鋼球運動的影響，並彙整出鋼球運動的幾個階段，進行理論建模與實驗數據的比較分析；我們參考幾篇論文嘗試在理論建模的方程式逐步加入模擬修正，從最單純的質點運動方程式逐步考慮旋轉、搖晃、阻力、鋼球體積等等，比較理論模擬結果與實驗數據的差異，也驗證了一些論文中缺乏實驗驗證的理論計算之正確性。

阿拉伯芥的長期後天耐熱性（LAT）有如人類的「學習」，如何延長其「記憶」為本研究探討的主要目標。首先以改變熱處理間期之光週期來確立 hsp101、hsa32突變株在光照期變短下，LAT 處理後的存活率有提高之趨勢，而西方墨點法也發現 HSP101 之表現量與存活率有相同的趨勢，LAT 耐熱記憶的延續與否和 HSP101 的量息息相關。低溫降低代謝與光照期變短在存活率、西方墨點法的實驗結果相似，這顯示光照期變短可能也是透過代謝減緩，進而減少 HSP101的降解，使突變株的存活率提高。最後，花椰菜HV-427、HV-178的光週期實驗中，在進行LAT處理後，低光照下的受傷率有降低的趨勢，顯示降低光照能夠提升其耐熱性。我們期望此結果未來可應用在農業生物科技，透過更具經濟價值的方式來降低代謝進而延續LAT耐熱記憶，提升其對抗熱逆境的能力。