未得獎作品

桃園虎頭山是位於林口台地南端的低海拔(約240~260M)丘陵地,表土層屬於紅土層,紅土主要成分為細沙(直徑>50μm，約佔50%)、粉沙(直徑2~50μm，約佔30%),其餘以黏土為主,加上少量含鐵礦物,採樣地點字圖二中的三聖宮旁的登山步道,其坡面面向東南方,對位處北緯25度的桃園屬於向陽波,經日曬適當時間後所產生的龜裂現象,是我們探討的對象;We have focused the study on the sun cracks found in the Mts.Hu-To are located in the southern part of the Mesa Lin Kou, which are 240m to 260m above the sea level. Mainly red clay, the surface soil is a composition of fine sand(diameter>50μm,up to50%)and silt(diameter>2~5 μm,up to 30%),including clay and a limited amount of iron minerals. The soil sample was gathered at the trail beneath the Hil Gue-Lun(241m,see pic.1)from the southeastern latitudes.

安非他命的濫用在台灣是非常嚴重的公眾健康及社會問題。安非他命會導致一連串的行\r 為異常，包括在中腦紋狀體內釋放多巴胺及阻止多巴胺回收來增加使用者的活動力。由於安\r 非他命會對腦細胞造成傷害，本研究的目的為探討低劑量、無立即毒性之安非他命(類似於人\r 類使用習慣)於短期內是否會對老鼠大腦紋狀體內的蛋白質表現有影響。因此利用西方點墨法\r 分析施打低劑量安非他命(2 到6 mg/kg)約一星期之後，C57BL6 小鼠的大腦紋狀體中一些重\r 要蛋白質[包括腺?酸受體A2A-R、第五亞型腺?酸環化?AC5、caspase-8、PARP、NF-κB\r 及血紅素加氧?-1(HO-1)]的表現是否有改變。實驗結果顯示，低劑量安非他命處理對大部分\r 蛋白質的表現並沒有明顯的差異，但在施打安非他命老鼠之大腦紋狀體中，HO-1 有些微但明\r 顯的增加，顯示安非他命可能對腦組織產生氧化性傷害。因此長期使用安非他命對中腦紋狀\r 體是否造成傷害是值得關心及繼續探討的課題。The wide spreading use of amphetamine (AMPH) in Taiwan has become a serious\r public health and social problem. AMPH evokes a series of behavior abnormality including\r enhanced locomotor behavior by releasing dopamine and inhibiting dopamine-uptake in the\r striatum. Since AMPH is known to cause brain damage, the purpose of this study is to\r investigate the expression of several important proteins in the mouse striatum after\r treatment with low and non-toxic dosages of AMPH for a short period (mimicking the\r common usage pattern of humans). C57BL6 mice were daily IP-injected with various doses\r of AMPH (0 to 6 mg/kg) for one week. Expression levels of adenosine receptor A2A-R,\r adenyl cyclase type 5,caspase-8, PARP, NF-κB and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) in the\r striatum were analyzed by Western blotting technique. Most proteins examined were not\r affected by the 1-week AMPH treatment, except HO-1. A slight but significant increase of\r HO-1 by AMPH treatment indicated that AMPH may cause oxidative damage in brain.\r These results suggest that the injury induced by long-term AMPH exposure warrants our\r further concerns and investigation.

多變色膽固醇型液晶面板為利用具雙穩態(Bistable)特性及因螺距不同而反射特定波長的膽固醇型液晶(CLC)。本研究創新作法為二：一、利用固化的方式使膽固醇型液晶螺距大小不同，使變色機制不同於一般電腦液晶面板，所製的液晶面板為以液晶的特性變色。二、將液晶螢幕中控制液晶的IPS 系統、側邊電極應用於液晶白板中。雙層液晶白板上層為混合E7(向列型液晶)+S811(旋光物質)的Bistable CLC，下層為混合RM82、CB15、BL006、I-369 的多變色(Multi-color)CLC 面板。The main purpose of the research plan lies in the application of the CLC. By using the Cholesteric －the bistable and the wavelength due to different pitch sizes－ we can make liquid crystal whiteboard. First, by heating and curing, we are able to cause the pitch sizes of CLC to be different. Unlike the commonly used LCD in computers, the features of CLC itself are applied to the color changing mechanism we make. Second, we apply the IPS horizontal electric field and flank electrode to our LCD whiteboard. In making the Multi-color CLC Display, we mix RM82, CB15 and BL006.

This research is mainly in observation with Caenorhabditis elegans ’s genetic mutation caused via nervous system abnormal character. In the study, I the sample have been cultivated purified and add some chemical material EMS to speed up C.elegans mutation. Then based on the character to further analysis what causeof gene deal with mutation and observe the effects in heredity. The research has two stages, on the first stage of study the mainly target is to both search and purify the mutation of C.elegans. The second stage is based on the exploration of mutation’s searching and purifying. Because the certain mutation bodies aren’t easy to find out, the project is still on progress at the beginning of second stage, and we conclude some heredity special cases in preliminary of study. 這個實驗主要是觀察並針對線蟲因為基因的突變所產生的神經系統異常的變異性狀，在實驗中我先將樣品線蟲培養並純化至一定數量，並加入適當藥劑EMS造成其突變，經篩選並分析此性狀，進而找出造成其突變之基因，以及觀察此性狀對遺傳表現所造成的影響。該計畫分成兩階段，第一階段的實驗重點是在突變株的搜尋以及純化上，第二階段則是在突變基因的探討上，由於特定突變株的搜尋並非容易，所以目前計畫只進展至第二階段的遺傳實驗初期，對於其遺傳特徵與突變形式上已有了初步的分析，但尚未定位出該基因的位置。

近年來由於土地過度開發，經常發生土石流，使得自來水廠進水混濁度太高，過濾設施無法正常運作，本實驗裝置可以利用氣昇?和重力作用，來清洗濾層中殘留物物比重較大的雜質，而且濾砂含自動控制昇?還可以重覆使用，如此便能先處理河川中大量的河水。整個過濾器主要分三個部分；（1）下端進水處理處為高比重的雜質重力沉澱處。（2）圓錐狀的濾層以利於自動清洗時砂層的循環。（3）自動清洗監控部分。濾砂清洗的影響因子為濾層厚度的重力、氣昇?壓力含進水量三者交互作用。濾砂以硬度大的石英砂最佳，濾層高度為25cm，平均進水量0.23升/秒，為最佳處理狀態可獲得原水78.5%的乾淨濾液。Debris flow occurs frequently due to the over-development of watershed recently. The water used as the input of water treatment factory is too turbid to be filtered by the traditional facilities. In this study on experimental apparatus was designed to remove the high density particles or suspended impurities. This apparatus can be used as a pretreatment apparatus of filtering factory. There are three main parts in own apparatus: (1) The precipitation one which is the site for precipitating of high specific gravity impurities (2) Cone shape filter layers which allows for cycle cleaning the sand layers (3) The automatic monitoring apparatus. The effet of water flow rate, air pressure, gravity and the height of filter layer on the performance of the experiment were discussed in this study. Experimental results showed that in the study, the height of filter layers is 25 cm, and the average water volume flow rate is 0.23 liter/sec. The apparatus can achieve a 78.5% leaner filtrate from the original water sample.

我們使用C++撰寫了一個音準練習程式：使用者輸入聲音後，經由音頻辨識方法求出其頻譜中最高能量之頻率，以之為基頻，再將其與目標音高相較，得到誤差率及走音程度。此外程式還可秀出所唱的樂譜，和發出對應的鋼琴或正弦波的聲音，方便使用者校音。而為了做音高辨識，我們也收集了許多聲音檔案，觀察其特色，研究不同音色的頻譜或是波形特性，並利用其特徵完成一個音色自動辨識程式。\r 首先我們測試了各種演算法，並且選用了快速傅利葉轉換作為主要製作的演算方法；接著我們利用Microsoft Visual C++撰寫我們的程式。這個程式主要可分為錄音、辨識以及樂譜繪製三大部分，皆會在此份報告中詳細說明。\r 文中將說明音頻及音色辨識的方法，一些關於音樂的基本知識，微軟公司的wave檔格式，此系統之應用，以及音色的波形頻譜分析。我們使用FFT 求得聲音的頻譜，且將針對此部分演算法做簡單的說明，並探討如何達到所需之頻率準確度，如何以較高效率辨識，及如何找出不同音色的特性。

給定一個p∈(0,1)，令k0=0,p0在(0,1)間隨機分布,定義 k1為能使的最小正整數k，而;相同的，對於給定的kn-1,kn為能使的最小正整數k，。若存在kn使得，則稱p∈In;若對於所有的n與kn，，則稱p∈I∞。如此區間(0,1)可分解成集合I1,I2,…I∞。

在 Fibonacci Sequence 中，我將Cassini’s identity 轉換成圖形時發現：邊長為Fibonacci number 的正方形，分割後重新拼成長寬分別為Fibonacci number 前後兩項的矩形，會得到矩形內有縫隙（或重疊）。接著我將Cassini’s identity 的圖形推廣到Catalan’s identity 的圖形，我發現邊長一樣的正方形，拼成的矩形長會變大，寬會變小，矩形內的縫隙（或重疊）面積會以Fibonacci number 平方增長。接下來我再將圖形推廣，邊長為非Fibonacci number 的正方形分割拼成矩形時，我發現若將整數遞迴數列代入Cassini’s identity，圖形將會有規律的方式呈現，且每一種數列的縫隙（或重疊）面積會有所不同；若遞迴數列代入Catalan’s identity，縫隙（或重疊）面積還會再以Fibonacci number 平方增長。所以最後我得到一個通式：只要是遞迴數列[an]的圖形，都會滿足於： 。

汽油給人的第一印象想必就是危險易燃，並且很容易揮發，在運輸及保存上有許多缺點，最簡單來說，汽油的高揮發性造成能源的散失、汽油的易燃性則造成了許多意外。而萌生研究製成汽油固態燃料的念頭。

本實驗主要是探究雙圈圈簡單飛機的飛行原理，歸納圈圈結構對飛行距離、升力的影響，以及氣流流經機體時發生的作用。研究結果如下：一、實際發射，歸納影響滑行距離的變因。1. 前後圈直徑比值約為0.8 時滑行距離為最大。2. 前後圈寬度比值越接近1 時，滑行距離越遠，但影響不大。3. 圈圈間隔在21cm 時，滑行距離最大。二、設置風洞，模擬飛機飛行，測量升力1. 圈圈寬度越大，升力越大。2. 升力最大值出現在圈圈仰角25 度左右，風速越快，升力越大。3. 鋁片仰角在20°時升力最大，升力與角度的關係式為 F = 5×10?7θ4 + 4×10?5θ3 ? 0.0083θ2 + 0.2615θ + 0.13744. 風速越快，升力越大，在仰角20°時升力與風速的關係大約為F = 0.4579V2 - 0.9231V +1.4772 。5. 鋁片面寬每增加1cm，升力也增加0.1513gw。前後長每增加1cm，升力即增加0.1263gw。三、設置蒸汽氣流，觀察簡單飛機的氣流場1. 蒸汽流通過圈圈時，會發生附壁現象，而且簡單飛機使氣流往下偏折，飛機得到升力。四、理論演繹︰1. 以康達效應的理論推算出升力，與實際測量得的升力約相等，驗證升力確實由康達理論造成。2. 墊高簡單飛機前圈，使得軸線提高，確實影響了飛行距離，墊高1cm 以內，飛行距離均增加了，以實際的改進證實升力確實是康達效應。This experiment mainly discusses the flying principle of the simple plane which is made up of a straw with two paper circles, one bigger than the other, stuck on both two ends of it. We first launched the simple plane actually and concluded the factors which influenced the sliding distance of the plane, including the distance between two circles, diameter and width of the two circles. Second, we set up a simple wind-tunnel and simulated the flight, in order to measure the strength of lift. Third, we set up the steam air flow and observed the change of the air current in the steam flow while flowing through the plane. The Phenomenon of Wall Enclosing happened and made the flows downward, and the plane gained the lift at the same time. Finally, we deduced that there are two sources of lift and Benoulli's law is not suitable for it. The Coanda Effect can be applied to figure out 54 percent of lift. And the current, blocked by the plane, also offers some lift. In order to prove that the Coanda Effect does effect, we padded the first circle to enlarge the angle of elevation of the axis of the two circles. It really affected the sliding distance of the plane. While the first circle is padded up within 1 cm, the sliding distance of the plane increases. Practical improvement proves that Coanda Effect accounts for the lift.