未得獎作品

多變色膽固醇型液晶面板為利用具雙穩態(Bistable)特性及因螺距不同而反射特定波長的膽固醇型液晶(CLC)。本研究創新作法為二：一、利用固化的方式使膽固醇型液晶螺距大小不同，使變色機制不同於一般電腦液晶面板，所製的液晶面板為以液晶的特性變色。二、將液晶螢幕中控制液晶的IPS 系統、側邊電極應用於液晶白板中。雙層液晶白板上層為混合E7(向列型液晶)+S811(旋光物質)的Bistable CLC，下層為混合RM82、CB15、BL006、I-369 的多變色(Multi-color)CLC 面板。The main purpose of the research plan lies in the application of the CLC. By using the Cholesteric －the bistable and the wavelength due to different pitch sizes－ we can make liquid crystal whiteboard. First, by heating and curing, we are able to cause the pitch sizes of CLC to be different. Unlike the commonly used LCD in computers, the features of CLC itself are applied to the color changing mechanism we make. Second, we apply the IPS horizontal electric field and flank electrode to our LCD whiteboard. In making the Multi-color CLC Display, we mix RM82, CB15 and BL006.

目的：紫色桿菌（Chromobacterium sp.）是一種生活在土壤及水域環境的革蘭氏陰性菌，它會產生紫黑色的紫色桿菌素（Violacein），因而使菌體與培養液皆呈紫色。Violacein是一種由兩個L-色胺酸（L-tryptophan）分子所聚合成的五環化合物，已被證實具有抗菌以及抑制腫瘤細胞生長的活性。本實驗的目的在探討紫色桿菌是否會利用不同官能基的L-色胺酸，合成不同的Violacein衍生物，並分析這些Violacein衍生物的生物活性。方法：將紫色桿菌培養於液態LB培養基中，分別加入不同濃度的L-tryptophan、1-CH3-L-tryptophan與5-OH-L-tryptophan，於室溫下培養48小時，再用乙酸乙酯萃取Violacein及其衍生物，將萃取出來的紫色桿菌素，用紫外光/可見光分光光譜計和質譜儀進行分析。最後，再將這些萃取物打入斑馬魚受精卵做胚胎毒性測試，並進行試管外DNA剪切能力分析。結果：加入不同官能基的L-色胺酸所合成的產物都是紫色，且在紫外光/可見光的光譜中的最大吸收波長皆相同，質譜儀分析結果則顯示，L-tryptophan 、與5-OH-L-tryptophan的產物圖譜不同、而1-CH3-L-tryptophan的產物則無法分析。斑馬魚胚胎毒性測試結果顯示，Violaecein和1-CH3-Violacein 不會對胚胎發育造成影響，但是5-OH-Violacein則會造成胚胎發育異常。DNA 剪切能力測試也顯示，只有5-OH-Violacein具有剪切DNA的能力，其他則否。重要性：本實驗成功地利用紫色桿菌合成Violacein及其衍生物，並發現了5-OH-Violacein比Violacein 具有更高的生物活性。;Aims: Chromobacterium sp. is a Gram negative bacterium which inhabit in soil and water environments. Chromobacterium produce a purple color compound named Violacein. This colorful compound makes Chromobacterium and its culture mediumin purple color. Violacein is a five rings compound synthesized from two L-tryptophan molecules. Studies have shown that Violacein has anti-bacteria and anti-tumor activities. The purpose of this study is to investigate whether Violacein can be synthesized from different tryptophan analogues, and whether these Violacein derivatives have different bioactivities. Materials and Methods: Chromobacterium sp. was cultured in liquid medium containing different concentrations of L-tryptophan, 1-CH3-L-tryptophan, and 5-OH-L-tryptophan. After 48 hours incubation at room temperature, Violacein and its derivatives were extracted by EA, analyzed by UV/visible spectrophotometer and MS. Violacein and its derivatives were also tested for their embryo toxicity and DNA cleavage activity in vitro. Results: The compounds synthesized from different tryptophan analogues were all purple and have the same maxima absorption wave length in the UV/visible spectra. However, MS spectra of compounds synthesized from L-tryptophan and 5-OH-L-tryptophan were different. The results of zebrafish embryo toxicity tests indicated that violaecin and 1-CH3-Violacein had no effect on embryo development, but 5-OH-Violacein caused development defects. DNA cleavage tests also showed that only 5-OH-Violacein could digest DNA in vitro. Violaecin and 1-CH3-Violacein could not digest DNA. Significances: Results from this study indicate that Chromobacterium sp. can be used to synthesize Violacein derivatives from different tryptophan analogues, and revealed that 5-OH-Violacein is a higher bioactivity compound than violaecein.

在 Fibonacci Sequence 中，我將Cassini’s identity 轉換成圖形時發現：邊長為Fibonacci number 的正方形，分割後重新拼成長寬分別為Fibonacci number 前後兩項的矩形，會得到矩形內有縫隙（或重疊）。接著我將Cassini’s identity 的圖形推廣到Catalan’s identity 的圖形，我發現邊長一樣的正方形，拼成的矩形長會變大，寬會變小，矩形內的縫隙（或重疊）面積會以Fibonacci number 平方增長。接下來我再將圖形推廣，邊長為非Fibonacci number 的正方形分割拼成矩形時，我發現若將整數遞迴數列代入Cassini’s identity，圖形將會有規律的方式呈現，且每一種數列的縫隙（或重疊）面積會有所不同；若遞迴數列代入Catalan’s identity，縫隙（或重疊）面積還會再以Fibonacci number 平方增長。所以最後我得到一個通式：只要是遞迴數列[an]的圖形，都會滿足於： 。

近年來由於土地過度開發，經常發生土石流，使得自來水廠進水混濁度太高，過濾設施無法正常運作，本實驗裝置可以利用氣昇?和重力作用，來清洗濾層中殘留物物比重較大的雜質，而且濾砂含自動控制昇?還可以重覆使用，如此便能先處理河川中大量的河水。整個過濾器主要分三個部分；（1）下端進水處理處為高比重的雜質重力沉澱處。（2）圓錐狀的濾層以利於自動清洗時砂層的循環。（3）自動清洗監控部分。濾砂清洗的影響因子為濾層厚度的重力、氣昇?壓力含進水量三者交互作用。濾砂以硬度大的石英砂最佳，濾層高度為25cm，平均進水量0.23升/秒，為最佳處理狀態可獲得原水78.5%的乾淨濾液。Debris flow occurs frequently due to the over-development of watershed recently. The water used as the input of water treatment factory is too turbid to be filtered by the traditional facilities. In this study on experimental apparatus was designed to remove the high density particles or suspended impurities. This apparatus can be used as a pretreatment apparatus of filtering factory. There are three main parts in own apparatus: (1) The precipitation one which is the site for precipitating of high specific gravity impurities (2) Cone shape filter layers which allows for cycle cleaning the sand layers (3) The automatic monitoring apparatus. The effet of water flow rate, air pressure, gravity and the height of filter layer on the performance of the experiment were discussed in this study. Experimental results showed that in the study, the height of filter layers is 25 cm, and the average water volume flow rate is 0.23 liter/sec. The apparatus can achieve a 78.5% leaner filtrate from the original water sample.

汽油給人的第一印象想必就是危險易燃，並且很容易揮發，在運輸及保存上有許多缺點，最簡單來說，汽油的高揮發性造成能源的散失、汽油的易燃性則造成了許多意外。而萌生研究製成汽油固態燃料的念頭。

我們使用C++撰寫了一個音準練習程式：使用者輸入聲音後，經由音頻辨識方法求出其頻譜中最高能量之頻率，以之為基頻，再將其與目標音高相較，得到誤差率及走音程度。此外程式還可秀出所唱的樂譜，和發出對應的鋼琴或正弦波的聲音，方便使用者校音。而為了做音高辨識，我們也收集了許多聲音檔案，觀察其特色，研究不同音色的頻譜或是波形特性，並利用其特徵完成一個音色自動辨識程式。\r 首先我們測試了各種演算法，並且選用了快速傅利葉轉換作為主要製作的演算方法；接著我們利用Microsoft Visual C++撰寫我們的程式。這個程式主要可分為錄音、辨識以及樂譜繪製三大部分，皆會在此份報告中詳細說明。\r 文中將說明音頻及音色辨識的方法，一些關於音樂的基本知識，微軟公司的wave檔格式，此系統之應用，以及音色的波形頻譜分析。我們使用FFT 求得聲音的頻譜，且將針對此部分演算法做簡單的說明，並探討如何達到所需之頻率準確度，如何以較高效率辨識，及如何找出不同音色的特性。

桃園虎頭山是位於林口台地南端的低海拔(約240~260M)丘陵地,表土層屬於紅土層,紅土主要成分為細沙(直徑>50μm，約佔50%)、粉沙(直徑2~50μm，約佔30%),其餘以黏土為主,加上少量含鐵礦物,採樣地點字圖二中的三聖宮旁的登山步道,其坡面面向東南方,對位處北緯25度的桃園屬於向陽波,經日曬適當時間後所產生的龜裂現象,是我們探討的對象;We have focused the study on the sun cracks found in the Mts.Hu-To are located in the southern part of the Mesa Lin Kou, which are 240m to 260m above the sea level. Mainly red clay, the surface soil is a composition of fine sand(diameter>50μm,up to50%)and silt(diameter>2~5 μm,up to 30%),including clay and a limited amount of iron minerals. The soil sample was gathered at the trail beneath the Hil Gue-Lun(241m,see pic.1)from the southeastern latitudes.

安非他命的濫用在台灣是非常嚴重的公眾健康及社會問題。安非他命會導致一連串的行\r 為異常，包括在中腦紋狀體內釋放多巴胺及阻止多巴胺回收來增加使用者的活動力。由於安\r 非他命會對腦細胞造成傷害，本研究的目的為探討低劑量、無立即毒性之安非他命(類似於人\r 類使用習慣)於短期內是否會對老鼠大腦紋狀體內的蛋白質表現有影響。因此利用西方點墨法\r 分析施打低劑量安非他命(2 到6 mg/kg)約一星期之後，C57BL6 小鼠的大腦紋狀體中一些重\r 要蛋白質[包括腺?酸受體A2A-R、第五亞型腺?酸環化?AC5、caspase-8、PARP、NF-κB\r 及血紅素加氧?-1(HO-1)]的表現是否有改變。實驗結果顯示，低劑量安非他命處理對大部分\r 蛋白質的表現並沒有明顯的差異，但在施打安非他命老鼠之大腦紋狀體中，HO-1 有些微但明\r 顯的增加，顯示安非他命可能對腦組織產生氧化性傷害。因此長期使用安非他命對中腦紋狀\r 體是否造成傷害是值得關心及繼續探討的課題。The wide spreading use of amphetamine (AMPH) in Taiwan has become a serious\r public health and social problem. AMPH evokes a series of behavior abnormality including\r enhanced locomotor behavior by releasing dopamine and inhibiting dopamine-uptake in the\r striatum. Since AMPH is known to cause brain damage, the purpose of this study is to\r investigate the expression of several important proteins in the mouse striatum after\r treatment with low and non-toxic dosages of AMPH for a short period (mimicking the\r common usage pattern of humans). C57BL6 mice were daily IP-injected with various doses\r of AMPH (0 to 6 mg/kg) for one week. Expression levels of adenosine receptor A2A-R,\r adenyl cyclase type 5,caspase-8, PARP, NF-κB and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) in the\r striatum were analyzed by Western blotting technique. Most proteins examined were not\r affected by the 1-week AMPH treatment, except HO-1. A slight but significant increase of\r HO-1 by AMPH treatment indicated that AMPH may cause oxidative damage in brain.\r These results suggest that the injury induced by long-term AMPH exposure warrants our\r further concerns and investigation.

This research is mainly in observation with Caenorhabditis elegans ’s genetic mutation caused via nervous system abnormal character. In the study, I the sample have been cultivated purified and add some chemical material EMS to speed up C.elegans mutation. Then based on the character to further analysis what causeof gene deal with mutation and observe the effects in heredity. The research has two stages, on the first stage of study the mainly target is to both search and purify the mutation of C.elegans. The second stage is based on the exploration of mutation’s searching and purifying. Because the certain mutation bodies aren’t easy to find out, the project is still on progress at the beginning of second stage, and we conclude some heredity special cases in preliminary of study. 這個實驗主要是觀察並針對線蟲因為基因的突變所產生的神經系統異常的變異性狀，在實驗中我先將樣品線蟲培養並純化至一定數量，並加入適當藥劑EMS造成其突變，經篩選並分析此性狀，進而找出造成其突變之基因，以及觀察此性狀對遺傳表現所造成的影響。該計畫分成兩階段，第一階段的實驗重點是在突變株的搜尋以及純化上，第二階段則是在突變基因的探討上，由於特定突變株的搜尋並非容易，所以目前計畫只進展至第二階段的遺傳實驗初期，對於其遺傳特徵與突變形式上已有了初步的分析，但尚未定位出該基因的位置。

在一次課外進行的示範實驗中，化學老師用玻棒將KNO3的飽和溶液塗在白紙上上，以吹風機把水吹乾後，以線香去點塗過KNO3的地方，會發現火星會沿著塗過KNO3的軌跡燃燒，示範後，我們實際操作，發現KCIO3也有這種特質，於是有人嘗試以KNO3加上KCIO3的溶液進行實驗，意外的發現在實驗進行時，軌跡之前端會出現小小的球(爆燃)，邊滾邊燒，且球中有一些氣體，為得知這是什麼，於是設計，進行以下的實驗。