未得獎作品

多變色膽固醇型液晶面板為利用具雙穩態(Bistable)特性及因螺距不同而反射特定波長的膽固醇型液晶(CLC)。本研究創新作法為二：一、利用固化的方式使膽固醇型液晶螺距大小不同，使變色機制不同於一般電腦液晶面板，所製的液晶面板為以液晶的特性變色。二、將液晶螢幕中控制液晶的IPS 系統、側邊電極應用於液晶白板中。雙層液晶白板上層為混合E7(向列型液晶)+S811(旋光物質)的Bistable CLC，下層為混合RM82、CB15、BL006、I-369 的多變色(Multi-color)CLC 面板。The main purpose of the research plan lies in the application of the CLC. By using the Cholesteric －the bistable and the wavelength due to different pitch sizes－ we can make liquid crystal whiteboard. First, by heating and curing, we are able to cause the pitch sizes of CLC to be different. Unlike the commonly used LCD in computers, the features of CLC itself are applied to the color changing mechanism we make. Second, we apply the IPS horizontal electric field and flank electrode to our LCD whiteboard. In making the Multi-color CLC Display, we mix RM82, CB15 and BL006.

本實驗合成之奈米銀粒子產物分為水溶液與固態形式。奈米銀粒子水溶液態製造方法以多芽基之檸檬酸根離子當保護劑，再以NaBH4 還原生成奈米銀粒子。而固態形式之奈米銀粒子是先以四級銨鹽界面活性劑當保護劑，經過NaBH4 還原生成奈米銀粒子水溶液後，再用二氧化矽包覆奈米銀粒子，藉由高溫燒去保護劑，得到含奈米銀粒子之二氧化矽分子篩材料。 將含奈米銀粒子之二氧化矽分子篩材料產物浸在純水中，除了不會改變水溶液性質外，又能以分子篩通透的特性，讓奈米銀漸進地釋放出銀離子，而達到長效性抗菌效果。 至於具抗菌性棉衫或濾網的製作，則採直接浸泡在奈米銀粒子水溶液中的方法，使奈米銀粒子吸附於上，針對上述實驗非常成功，洗滌超過十次且放置時間長達一個月以上，其抗菌效果仍佳，表示此簡易法製成的棉衫或濾網具有長效性的抗菌功效，為本研究重大突破。 奈米銀粒子對環境的影響是利用黑殼蝦來測試，控制適當奈米銀粒子濃度，使黑殼蝦能生存，亦可達到水中殺菌的效果。本實驗為首次針對奈米銀粒子對環境影響的測試並獲得重大的成果。;In this study, two Ag nanoparticles samples including Ag nanoparticles in aqueous solution and in solid form were prepared. The Ag nanoparticles aqueous solution readily obtained from reduction of AgNO3 aqueous solution with NaBH4solution in the presence of the sodium citrate as protecting agent. To prepare the Ag nanoparticles@porous silica sample, cationic alkyltrimethylammonium surfactant was used as the protecting agent of Ag nanoparticles and template of the porous silica. The Ag nanoparticles@porous silica was synthesized via reduction by NaBH4, silicification in silicate solution and calcination for the removal of surfactant. When adding the Ag nanoparticles@porous silica, the property of the aqueous solution was not changed. In addition, the Ag+ ion was gradually released from the accessible silica matrix to achieve a long-lasting effect on anti-bacteria. To prepare anti-bacteria clothes and sieves, these objects were soaked in Ag nanoparticles aqueous solution. The Ag nanoparticles were spontaneously absorbed into the clothes and sieves. The anti-bacteria efficiency of the Ag-nanoparticles containing clothes and sieves still remains even after ten-time washing and a period of time longer than one month. These worthy results indicate that this synthetic method provides a simple way to prepare the long-lasting Ag-nanoparticles containing clothes and sieves for anti-bacteria application. To investigate the influence of the Ag nanoparticles on the environment, shrimps are used as testing objects. With a well control on the Ag nanoparticles concentration, the shrimps survived well and the bacteria content was reduced. It is the first time to have testing result about the effect of the Ag nanoparticles on the environment. Thus, this is the most remarkable achievement in our experiments.

在一次課外進行的示範實驗中，化學老師用玻棒將KNO3的飽和溶液塗在白紙上上，以吹風機把水吹乾後，以線香去點塗過KNO3的地方，會發現火星會沿著塗過KNO3的軌跡燃燒，示範後，我們實際操作，發現KCIO3也有這種特質，於是有人嘗試以KNO3加上KCIO3的溶液進行實驗，意外的發現在實驗進行時，軌跡之前端會出現小小的球(爆燃)，邊滾邊燒，且球中有一些氣體，為得知這是什麼，於是設計，進行以下的實驗。

桃園虎頭山是位於林口台地南端的低海拔(約240~260M)丘陵地,表土層屬於紅土層,紅土主要成分為細沙(直徑>50μm，約佔50%)、粉沙(直徑2~50μm，約佔30%),其餘以黏土為主,加上少量含鐵礦物,採樣地點字圖二中的三聖宮旁的登山步道,其坡面面向東南方,對位處北緯25度的桃園屬於向陽波,經日曬適當時間後所產生的龜裂現象,是我們探討的對象;We have focused the study on the sun cracks found in the Mts.Hu-To are located in the southern part of the Mesa Lin Kou, which are 240m to 260m above the sea level. Mainly red clay, the surface soil is a composition of fine sand(diameter>50μm,up to50%)and silt(diameter>2~5 μm,up to 30%),including clay and a limited amount of iron minerals. The soil sample was gathered at the trail beneath the Hil Gue-Lun(241m,see pic.1)from the southeastern latitudes.

我們使用C++撰寫了一個音準練習程式：使用者輸入聲音後，經由音頻辨識方法求出其頻譜中最高能量之頻率，以之為基頻，再將其與目標音高相較，得到誤差率及走音程度。此外程式還可秀出所唱的樂譜，和發出對應的鋼琴或正弦波的聲音，方便使用者校音。而為了做音高辨識，我們也收集了許多聲音檔案，觀察其特色，研究不同音色的頻譜或是波形特性，並利用其特徵完成一個音色自動辨識程式。\r 首先我們測試了各種演算法，並且選用了快速傅利葉轉換作為主要製作的演算方法；接著我們利用Microsoft Visual C++撰寫我們的程式。這個程式主要可分為錄音、辨識以及樂譜繪製三大部分，皆會在此份報告中詳細說明。\r 文中將說明音頻及音色辨識的方法，一些關於音樂的基本知識，微軟公司的wave檔格式，此系統之應用，以及音色的波形頻譜分析。我們使用FFT 求得聲音的頻譜，且將針對此部分演算法做簡單的說明，並探討如何達到所需之頻率準確度，如何以較高效率辨識，及如何找出不同音色的特性。

在這篇研究報告中,我用了三種觀點來推廣幾何中的反演變換,首先,把反演變換視為是一種圓內與圓外的一種1-1且onto的映射,第一種推廣,是將變換中心移到視圓心以外的圓內的地方,馬上我們得到一個結論「反演半徑會隨著動點而改變」,接著,我們實驗了一下反演變換用有的一些性質,保角性,保圓性,…等在這個變換視中是否依然存在;接著我們用第二種方法來推廣反演變換,我們將邊界的形狀由圓視改成別的形狀(如三角形,四邊形…等等),然後也試試看在這種變換之下是否還擁視有反演變換的一些性質;第三種推廣,則是在研究的過程中,我發現了一種新的幾視變換,承接第一種推廣,我們將原先為定點的變換中心改為動點,將原先的動點改為定點,做出來的一種新變換。In the study, a new geometric Inversive transformation through three points is discovered. Here is the main result：（1）The first, onto cycle of inside and outside can be proved under invasive transformation. It is changed moving the center from center of cycle, we can get a new ” Inversive radius can be changed by moving drop. (2) We hope to find the answer to this problem by experiment, it is exist with the inversive properties. (3) A new geometric transformation is discovered, a fixed drop can be changed moving drop, then the first moving drop shifted the fixed drop. This leads to a new construction if the new transformation.

中文摘要：\r 本研究旨在探討，在TCP/IP 協定之下，最大網路傳輸效率之MTU\r （Maximum Transmission Unit,最大傳輸單位）值。根據IEEE 所公\r 佈Ethernet 之標準，經實地模擬實驗，本研究之結論如下：（1）在\r 單純兩台電腦直接串接時，由於幾乎無任何干擾與封包的碰撞，可設\r 定之MTU 最大值以1500bytes 為最佳；（2）但在模擬真實的大型廣域\r 網路時，由於碰撞增加及雜訊增多，經模擬實驗顯示，MTU 值為\r 1500bytes 時無法在資料傳送、接收及重組時取得平衡，最佳之MTU\r 值落於500 到600bytes 之間，進一步研究顯示MTU 值設在500 到\r 600bytes 時可提升傳輸效率約50%。同時，本研究亦討論將此機制應\r 用於未來新網路標準之可行性及其必要性。Abstract：\r The main purpose of this research is to explore the best network\r transmission efficiency's Maximum Transmission Unit under TCP/IP\r protocol. According to the Ethernet's standard of IEEE and simulated\r experiments, the outcome of this research are :( 1) When connecting two\r computers serially, there is almost no interference and impact of packets,\r the best MTU that we can set up is 1500bytes ;( 2)When simulating the\r truly wide area network, interference and impact are rising. The result of\r this simulates experiment shows that when MTU is at 1500bytes, it's\r unable to keep balance when sending, receiving and re-composing. The\r best new MTU is between 500bytes and 600bytes. And when MTU is\r between 500bytes and 600bytes, the network transmission efficiency can\r be promoted about 50% higher. At the same time, the research is also\r discussing the feasibility and necessity of applying it to the standard of\r the future network.

一般人從小就知道如果要判斷西瓜有無成熟，只要用手輕拍瓜皮，利用聲音的特性就可以知道西瓜是否成熟，此技術看起來容易，卻需有多年經驗之西瓜商始可為之。本研究利用拍擊西瓜所造成之聲音進行非破壞性音波檢測，來探討西瓜之成熟度。換言之，本研究希望在依照西瓜商拍擊的習慣下，從客觀的科學角度，探討存在於西瓜商手上「聽音辨瓜」的奧秘。由研究結果得知，西瓜的拍聲在頻譜中可分為三個頻區，即西瓜殼所造成的高頻區，水及含水量高的果肉所形成的中頻區，及由空洞及含水量低的果肉所造成的低頻區，而西瓜商就是藉由這三種音頻所表現出的綜合效果進行判斷。The method, tapping the watermelon rind and listening to the sound, has been often used to judge whether the watermelon is mature or not. Although it is not difficult to tap the rind of a watermelon, it is not so easy to have a correct judgment of the maturity just from the sound you heard, unless you are an experienced watermelon farmer. In order to investigate the secret that the farmers have, this research detects and analyzes the sound of tapping watermelons in an objectively scientific way. According to the experimental results, the sound could be approximately partitioned into three regions in the frequency spectrum, denoted as high-frequency, mid-frequency, and low-frequency regions. The high-frequency region and mid-frequency region are resulted from the hard solid rind and the juicy flesh of a watermelon, respectively. As for the low-frequency region, it comes from the vacant holes or flesh with little amount of water. Based on the experiment, it can be concluded that the maturity of a watermelon can be correctly judged from the combination of these three frequency regions, just like the farmer’s method.

脊髓性肌內萎縮症為常見之體染色體隱性遺傳性疾病，在台灣罹病率約為萬分之一，罹病者會造成幼兒期致死或因肌肉萎縮導致殘障。大多罹病者致病成因為SMN基因突變，脊髓前角運動神經元凋亡退化，導致上下肢肌肉發生漸進性萎縮

Drought and inundation are two unusual natural disasters in Taiwan. The two natural disasters\r have some relation of abnormal rainfall become more and more in Taiwan. So it let me think about\r can climate vicissitudes make the chance of abnormal rainfall become more?\r The study have researched the chance of abnormal rainfall by "rainfall duration" and "total\r rainfall". It collect the day by day total rainfall from 1960 to July 2002, collect locals are Taipei,\r Taichung, Kaohsiung and Hualien. Than enter the data into the computer, let computer calculation\r total rainfall, rainfall days, heavy rain days, pouring rain days and torrential rain days. Then\r analysis the tendency of long-term change.\r According to the analysis, the chance of abnormal rainfall happened become more in Taipei,\r Taichung, Kaohsiung and Hualien. The ratio of Hualien and Kaohsiung is the most obviously. It's\r also find that there temperature and total evaporate became higher, the total sunshine duration\r became lower. Then El Nino have some influence in abnormal rainfal. In El Nino year, total rainfall\r will become lower. When La Nina year, the total rainfall will become more in Taipei and Hualien.\r Then the long influence is clearly in Taipei.\r 乾旱與水災是台灣地區相當常見的二項天災，這二項災害的發生都與異常降水有直接的\r 關係。近年來台灣地區因異常降水造成的天然災害，似乎有逐年增加的趨勢。因此讓人聯想\r 到氣候變遷是否會導致異常降水頻率增加。\r 本研究主要由「降雨時數」與「降雨量」二方面探討異常降水發生頻率。先收集台北、\r 台中、高雄、花蓮四地自1960 年至2002 年七月三十一日之逐日雨量資料，將資料輸入電腦\r 後，統計各站歷年降雨量、降雨日數、大雨、豪雨、暴雨日數，並分析長期變化趨勢。\r 分析結果，台北、台中、高雄、花蓮四地異常降水發生機率，有增加的情形；其中以花\r 蓮及高雄變化的比例最高。再與其他各地氣象要素比較可發現，可能與氣溫及蒸發量數上升，\r 以及日照時數縮短有關。另外聖嬰現象也可能對異常降水有長期性的影響。一般而言聖嬰年\r 雨量減少，反聖嬰年台北、花蓮地區雨量反而會增加。而長期性的影響，以台北地區最顯著。