全國中小學科展

工程學

為視障者開發之學習輔助平台:結合Image-to-3D AI 模型之可觸式三維擴增實境顯示器與個人化之檢索增強生成(RAG)自然文字系統

全球約有9千萬的兒童是視障者,他們的學習依賴著點字器材。點字書難以傳達3D (三維)圖形的概念,讓他們在理解3D圖形有許多挑戰,而點字書過長的文字描述加大了他們與正常同儕之間的差距。本研究旨在開發一個學習輔助平臺,同時強化視障者的觸覺認知和文字圖形理解能力。 在強化觸覺認知方面,開發之系統能將傳統的圖片,利用影像轉3D之人工智慧建模(Image-to-3D AI model)技術,轉換圖片轉為3D,呈現在開發的擴增實境顯示器上,讓視障者能夠親身透過觸摸立體顯示器之3D模型,瞭解圖片表達的空間結構。在文字優化方面,利用微調大型語言模型與搜索式強化生成等方法,優化視障者閱讀之內容。系統開發過程中,二位視障者進行體驗,持續以修正系統設計的便利性、友善性與有效性。 本研究成果為視障者帶來新式個人化的學習輔助工具,增強視障者對立體圖形學習能力與文字理解。

Design and Simulation of a Honeycomb Sandwich Panel as a Heat-resistant and Durable Construction Material

One of the main factors that contribute to fire incidents and the excessive heat people feel during a heat wave is the building materials used, and one such material that possesses durable and heat-resistant properties is sandwich panels. A possible structure that can be used to model sandwich panels is honeycomb structures; however, further research has yet to be conducted on its applications as a heat-resistant urban construction material. This study aims to design a three-dimensional model of a honeycomb sandwich panel and simulate its performance under different thermal and structural stressors. A 3D model of the honeycomb sandwich panel was generated using Autodesk Fusion 360. Then, multiple versions of the panel were generated with varying heat-resistant core materials—namely, aluminum, nickel, nickel-copper alloy 400, and copper—along with polystyrene as the core material for the control model. The following properties of every panel were assessed using finite element analysis (FEA): static deformation, stress distribution, strain distribution, total heat flux, and thermal gradient. Results showed that when subjected to varying structural loads (2 kN, 5 kN, 7 kN), the nickel-core panel demonstrated the best results in terms of static deformation and strain distribution due to its relatively lower deformation and elongation values, respectively. Meanwhile, under the same structural loads, the aluminum-core panel performed better than other core materials in terms of stress distribution due to it having the relatively highest difference between its simulated von Mises stress and its yield strength. The honeycomb sandwich panels have also shown to possess heat-resistivity when subjected to a thermal load of 90°C, with polystyrene being the most promising material overall in terms of heat-resistance due to its relatively lower heat flux and thermal gradient. The results from this study would contribute to future research on honeycomb sandwich panels and may be used in real-life applications.

A Humanoid Robot on the Basis of Modules Controlled Through a Serial Half-Duplex UART Bus

This thesis presents the design and construction of a small-scale humanoid robot, covering all aspects from 3D modeling to electronics design and programming. The robot is built entirely from custom 3D-printed components, with a new servomotor developed specifically to meet the project’s requirements. During the robot’s development, custom electronics were also designed, leading to a modular platform that enables easy interaction with diverse modules like servomotors and inertial measurement unit (IMU) modules. This modular approach allows these components to be programmed and controlled with minimal adjustments, as well as making development of potential future modules straightforward. The robot is operated via a computer application that includes a graphical user interface for displaying real-time data from the robot.

柔性光柵其光學特性與力學分析之研究 The Study of optical properties and stress analyzing of flexible diffraction grating

光柵作為常見的分光元件,應用於許多光學儀器中。然而,傳統光柵彈性較差且硬度較高,限制了其應用範圍。本研究利用具有高彈性和易形變特性的 PDMS 作為柔性光柵的材料,對不同厚度和彎曲程度的光柵進行一系列測試。為了探討厚度和彎曲曲率對繞射效果的影響,進行了不同厚度柔性光柵的繞射點分析實驗。實驗結果顯示,增加柔性光柵的厚度會提升其彎曲時第一亮紋的變化率;相反,減少厚度則會降低該變化率。隨後的研究進一步探討不同施力方式是否會影響柔性光柵的分光效果。通過拉伸和壓縮光柵,發現拉伸會使光柵的軌距變大,而壓縮則會使軌距變小。此外,研究還探討了利用 PDMS 複製類似光柵的結構是否具有分光效果。實驗結果顯示,複製的指紋確實展現了類似特性,期望未來能夠將這些特性實際應用於相關領域。

以農電共生方式提升台灣太陽能總發電量

台灣現行的「毀農式種電」政策犧牲農地以增進太陽能發電,導致農業用地縮減、農民收入減少,能源需求與農業發展間產生衝突。我們參考日本成功的農電共生模式,提出一種可滑動的太陽能發電系統,利用Arduino控制太陽能板的開合,兼顧農地種植與發電效能。此系統結合植物光合作用原理,特別適合種植半日照作物或具有光合午休特性的植物。當植物進行光合午休時,太陽能板滑動展開以提高發電量;在強光高溫時段,太陽能板則可遮蔽陽光,避免植物葉片受損。此方案不僅能恢復「毀農式種電」土地的種植功能,也讓農民獲得穩定收入,實現農業與綠能發展的平衡。這套模型提供具體且可行的解決方案,期望在提升台灣總發電量的同時,達成淨零減碳目標,並促進農業的永續發展。

點亮絲路:碳量子點螢光蠶絲的製備與光降解環境污染物之應用

本研究以電紡絲法製作光動力活性的碳量子點(carbon quantum dots, CQDs)螢光蠶絲,用於光降解環境染劑汙染物與抗菌的應用探討。不同顏色螢光的碳量子點 紅、綠、藍色)的合成是以檸檬酸作為主要碳源,分別參雜尿素與葉綠素用以合成三種螢光的碳量子點。接著將絲素蛋白、聚乙二醇與量子點溶液為原料,以電紡絲法分別製作成藍色、綠色與紅色的螢光蠶絲。螢光光譜儀 PL)與穿透式電子顯微鏡 TEM)結果呈現量子點的光學特性與尺寸呈現預期的量子效應。拉曼光譜則證實電紡絲法之螢光蠶絲具有絲素蛋白、聚乙二醇與量子點的特徵訊號。本研究使用之電紡絲法製備之螢光蠶絲,與我們之前使用蠶寶寶桑葉餵食法生產之螢光蠶絲來比較,電紡絲螢光蠶絲具有更加優異及穩定的光降解環境汙染物效率,未來可用於自清潔、抗菌織物與醫療敷料之應用。

非牛頓流體於地下結構中的減震效果與減震裝置探討 The damping action and the effective damping structure of the non Newtonian fluid in the gap between basement wall and diaphragm wall

本研究探討臺灣常見的鋼筋華廈、鋼筋及鋼骨大樓,透過於地下室外牆與連續壁間填入非牛頓流體、牛頓流體及輕黏土,比較建物受震時加速度,發現地下結構中設置非牛頓流體減震裝置較牛頓流體、輕黏土更減震。而模擬器搖晃20-50秒時,非牛頓流體能顯著的減震,超過50秒後,非牛頓流體可能因沉澱而減震效果下降;在100秒後,無減震裝置的建築加速度上升,非牛頓流體再次出現明顯的減震效果;不同重心的建築質量分布導致不同的擴溶現象,使減震效果發生變化;較高的建物因力臂較長,重心高時產生較大的加速度。接著觀察光穿透吉利丁凍的偏折情形,發現受力面與地震方向垂直時,牆面受力明顯;若受力面和搖晃方向不垂直,柱的部分受力大,且觀察到力量有轉移的現象。最後,為建築設計超聲波測距模組,即時監測建築下陷或傾斜情形,以利即時修繕及重建。

EIBraille: An Electromagnetic Field-Powered Braille Training Device with Development of Printed Circuits and Algorithms for Visually Impaired Individuals

Visual impairment ranks among the top three disabilities globally, with affected individuals projected to increase from 39 million in 2015 to 115 million by 2050. Despite this growing prevalence, over 95% of visually impaired individuals face difficulties in learning Braille (AFB, 2022). In Thailand, the issue is compounded by limited resources, with only 48 schools for the blind serving 6.5% of visually impaired children, alongside a shortage of trained teachers and prohibitively expensive Braille displays. To address these challenges, the EIBraille Box was developed as a cost-effective and accessible tool enabling visually impaired individuals to practice Braille independently. The device utilizes electromagnetic field generation based on Lenz's Law and electromagnetic induction, employing copper coils and varying currents to drive a Braille dot display mechanism controlled by a microcontroller. Results show the device achieves an average display rate of 30–120 milliseconds per cell and a Braille dot-changing frequency of 3–20 cycles per second. The production cost is reduced from 11,660 USD to 87 USD—over 130 times more affordable—while maintaining performance comparable to traditional mechanisms. Additionally, the device integrates with a web application aligned with the Ministry of Education's curriculum to enhance learning. The EIBraille Box is planned for deployment across 48 schools affiliated with the Northern School for the Blind. Plans include extending access to individuals unable to attend schools via alternative distribution channels. This project stores high capacity to achieve global reach by partnering with the World Blind Union, extending its services to rural areas and ensuring access for underprivileged communities. This effort seeks to promote literacy among the blind on a worldwide scale. This innovation strives to enhance equity for the visually impaired by enabling blind individuals to participate in inclusive educational environments alongside their peers. It aims to eradicate the challenges of illiteracy and ensure equitable access to quality education.

柔性明膠電阻式記憶體元件在彎曲下的效能之研究 Study on the Performance of Flexible Gelatin Based Resistive Random Access Memory Devices Under Bending Conditions

本研究使用柔性PET基板,並將Al2O3沉積於明膠上作為介電層,製作電阻式記憶體-Al/gelatin/ITO-PET元件(AGI柔性元件),期望提升基板的可撓性,同時維持元件的基本運作模式。為檢測元件性能,本研究分別在平面及彎曲狀態下測量其電性。透過施加循環電壓於AGI元件,測繪其電流變化圖,並分析元件不同操作狀態下(平面、固定彎曲、動態彎曲)的電性穩定度。研究結果顯示,AGI柔性元件在每次循環間電流變化小,且在不同半徑的 動態彎曲測試中,電流-電壓(I-V)疊合圖的開關比均呈現穩定。綜上所述,AGI柔性元件在兩種彎曲狀態下能夠展現低切換電壓與穩定的開關性能,加上明膠的生物相容性和優異性能,表現出其在穿戴式記憶裝置的發展潛力。

Autonomous Ecosystem Surveillance Vehicle

As of 2021, there are 368 harmful algae blooms and over 6000 invasive species in the United States of America. Furthermore, it is reported that the United States spends more than 11.1 billion dollars per year on clean-up methods for marine debris. However, there currently isn’t a method to monitor aquatic problems simultaneously, autonomously, and efficiently, creating a capability in the aquatic biosecurity sector. To combat this, we have created an autonomous vehicle that can conduct long-term monitoring of freshwater bodies for up to 60 hours.