工程學

本研究設計相機-顯微鏡-玻璃座平行銅片電場裝置，拍攝鹽類液滴在高電壓電場中的結晶現象，並以色階曲線為基礎,發展出SCL值,來偵測晶體表面的性質。實驗先找到能讓晶體成長趨向單顆且高透明的條件為：加蓋（低蒸發速率）、過濾、無施加電場與低熱LED光源。並應用蒸發速率差異，發現食鹽晶體的變速成長現象。蒸發快會形成階梯螺旋紋，蒸發慢，紋路消失，變成全透明晶體。將這裝置轉放在高電壓電場下可發現：晶體形狀發生改變（晶體傾斜或碎晶），透光度變差（SCL值變小），可觀察到新生晶體邊緣，有條狀暗紋出現，但晶體成長速率變化不大。鹽晶析出反應會因些微的外在變化，而影響溶液中離子堆疊，在晶體表面出現陰影或不規則紋路。這種對外在環境有著高度反應的現象，可以透過反應位能曲線圖來解釋，正可以用來研究外界高壓電場如何對物質發生影響。

本研究為紙電路印刷機之研發，我們將紙當成電路板的基材，以銅箔與銀箔為佈線的導電材料，透過自行開發的機台研究銅箔與銀箔在製作時，所需的時間、溫度、壓力、印刷電路完成度、耐流值與耐熱值等因素，來驗證我們研發的紙電路印刷機適合用於學校實習課程教學，培養學生LAYOUT的能力，同時也在獲得數值曲線的關係式之後，再加以製作更大作業面積的機台，以期能製作出更大的電路，而整個研究除了自行開發儀器及數據驗證外，亦可以把學生實習課程融入環境保護的概念以及文創商品整合的知識。

The aim of this project is to eliminate the huge consummation of petrol in the field of transportation. This project will be based on the creation of an engine. It is not only economic but also, it does not pollute the environment. In order to think about the scientific strategy of this engine, I had a look at the work of many previous inventors who worked on a similar engine. But the engine I fabricated has as additions: - The use of clean energies (air, electrical energy and electromagnetic energy) - It is an engine the energy of which is renewable and it does not necessitate the intervention of man to give it energy .THIS MEANS THAT IT WORKS ALONE.

This project proposes that smartphones are capable of steering a quadcopter, doubling as a flight controller unit. This means that sensor results from the smartphone’s IMU (inertial measurement unit) are compared with steering commands from the pilot received over Wi-Fi or a RC-transmitter. The idea behind this project was to build a cheap flight control for a quadcopter. Smartphones seemed to be the perfect device because of their dominance in the market. The first step was constructing the quadcopter’s frame. I first designed the frame on AutoCAD and then built a prototype out of aluminium. My search for a possibility to connect the engines or low level peripherals to a smartphone led to the «IOIO-Board». After collecting sufficient information about sensor fusion and control theory I started working on my own controller. Due to the frame’s large size the quadcopter is very stable and best suited for aerial photography. Engine control by smartphone using an «IOIO-Board» is fast enough for flight. A smartphone possesses everything needed to control a quadcopter. The disadvantage of using a smartphone is that the processor has to calculate multiple applications simultaneously. This makes it more difficult to guarantee the correct timing of operations. Nevertheless, external influences such as phone calls do not influence the flight behavior of the quadcopter. As work in progress I have experimented with the implementation of GPS and an onboard camera.

The last two decades have seen 60% annual growth rate (AGR) in the global IP traffic and it is expected that the AGR will keep the exponential growth in the next five years. Recent advances in digital signal processing enabled the implementation of the dual polarization (DP) optical coherent digital receivers, which substantially improved their performance. The goal of this research is to develop a prototype of a compact superchannel flexible DP M-ary quadrature amplitude modulation (MQAM) optical transmitter and demonstrate its reconfigurability to accommodate baud rates ranging from 8-32 Gbaud∕s to achieve 1 Tb/s and beyond using the same hardware. The research work consists of three phases; Phase I is the study of transmitter electrical and optical parts; Phase II investigates the potential configurations for frequency comb generator circuit; Phase III deals with the superchannel experimental prototype. The results obtained so far are pertaining to phase I and phase II with some preliminary experimental validation pertaining to phase III. The experimental results show that the measured component characteristics are matched with the components specifications data sheets. Additionally, the designed frequency comb generator was able to create up to 9 optical subcarriers with flat gain of 0.5 dB amplitude. Transmission over optical subcarriers has been attempted using standard optical transmitter. These results show promise towards the generation of a variable data rate up to 1Tb∕s. IEEE and ITU-T standardization effort considered these data rates to appear around 2017, and are intended for Next Generation Regional/Long-haul Networks.

This article talks about the design, construction and operation of multi-alarm teleoperated. The work contains the different stages of construction that were performed for both hardware and software, as well as the way in which the entire process is developed. The prototype is autonomous. It can to detect the things that happen in the house and send a sms to the cell phone. With the cell phone you can drive a robot in the house.

Solar energy is a main source of energy that is expected to play a vital role in fulfilling the future global demand of electricity. Design of advanced photovoltaic (PV) system with high electric conversion efficiency is the key for collecting solar energy. A major obstacle hindering useful PV utilization is the deterioration of solar cell efficiency with temperature. The present results of experimentation have shown that there occurs a reduction of approximately 33% in the solar panel efficiency as the operating temperature increases from 45 °C to 68 °C at 1000 W/m2. Therefore, an innovative design of enhanced-performance solar panel using micro flat heat pipe (HP) and thermoelectric generator (TEG) is proposed and experimentally investigated in the presented project. To operate HP and TEG at highest possible efficiency, the condensation section of HP is innovatively cooled by utilize the condensed water inside the evaporator of air conditioner (which is usually between 5-7 °C). Two different types of silicon panel are used in the study: monocrystalline solar panel and polycrystalline solar panel. The results showed that a reduction in average solar panel temperature up to 25% is obtained. In addition, produced power was increased by as much as 50% when solar panel was cooled by the heat pipe. Finally, the feasibility study and cost analysis of the proposed hybrid system are discussed in details and presented.

以不銹鋼、鋁、壓克力暨熱熔膠膜仿製高砂熊蟬之翅脈結構，於完成覆膜後，作為實驗之五種仿翅測體。另設計製作兩種不同控制功能之四連桿振翅機構，再搭配其他觀測儀器、設備與簡易器材，依振翅幅度、振翅頻率、攻角及風速等影響飛行的變因控制組合成72個實驗模組。每種仿翅測體的72個模組各執行4次每次10秒鐘之振翅實驗，觀測與計算出各組測體之翼緣撓度、升力、推距與翅面壓力等合計1440個模組數據並配合相關理論公式加以比較分析、論證。另外，針對蟬翼翅室〈脈〉的結構形抗加以分析，並設計四款不同之翅室〈脈〉結構組合型態，分析比較其應力與應變關係，找出最佳的肋膜結構組合，以作為人類生活與科技運用器材結構設計與運用之參考，例如降落傘、風帆船、薄膜建築結構、微機電系統〈MEMS〉、太陽能光電建築〈BIPV〉與人工飛行振翅翼等。

我們對於所發明的SG (StanleyGenerator同軸發電機)是應用法拉第電磁感應定律ε=NBAωsinωt，打破轉子不動的常規，以定子與轉子同時反向旋轉以提高角速度，即提高單位時間磁場變化量，進而創造了StanleyGenerator同軸發電機發電裝置，以超過傳統1.96倍(平均值)發電量，達到大幅提高發電的效率。同時設計了各種SG應用模組，包括一級應用的三層流體動能擷取系統，二級應用的雙軸單增速系統，三級應用的雙增速HV系統。都能發出比一般發電機高的電量(1.48~1.96倍)，也比一般發電機更快(較低流速)達到發電機最大(額定)發電量。

Pedicle probes are medical devices used by surgeons during spinal fusions for patients with conditions such as scoliosis and spinal fractures. The probe creates pilot holes to guide the placement of pedicle screws in vertebrae. The screws are then connected with a metal rod to stabilize the spine. Twenty-nine percent of patients who undergo spinal fusions suffer from vertebral breaches – accidental damage to the spinal cord – which cause complications such as infection, motor defects, and in many cases paralysis. My goal was to make spinal fusions safer by redesigning the pedicle probe to provide surgeons with instantaneous feedback on the probe’s location, enabling them to more accurately place pedicle screws. The pedicle probe I developed takes advantage of the difference in density between the inner cancellous (spongy) bone and the outer cortical (compact) bone found in vertebrae. Cortical bone is avoided by monitoring the cannulation force – the force required to insert the probe. When the probe contacts denser cortical tissue, it warns the user by providing tactile and visual feedback through a vibration motor and an LED. This enables the surgeon to redirect the probe and advance down the optimum path, preventing a possible breach. It proved successful in preventing breaches on lamb vertebrae, which closely resemble human vertebrae. This novel device improves feedback to the surgeon and eliminates the need for costly and potentially harmful ionizing radiation exposure. Furthermore, it does not depend on, or require, any preoperative imaging. The cost of manufacturing the improved probe is less than $42 USD (NT$1297). Results of patent searches for 加拿大, the 美國, and Europe suggest that the redesigned probe is unique in predicting and preventing breaches in spinal fusions based on predetermined force threshold values. The probe is also unique in enabling personalized procedures in spinal fusions for those with complications, through calibrating a control (force) limit based on tissue samples prior to the procedure. Enhancing a surgeon’s ability to determine an appropriate path for pedicle screws through a sensor-enabled probe has the potential to significantly reduce the incidence of vertebral breaches during spinal fusion surgery.