工程學

Quadcopters are incredible pieces of technology. Software on the flight controller is able to simultaneously stabilise the drone in three degrees of freedom, follow commands from the pilot and take pictures. 200 times per second the flight controller therefore measures the current position and RC signal, calculates a correction and sets the according engine speeds. This is a task that could never be done by a human being.

We were very curious about whether the aircraft will suffer lightning damages during flight, so we tried to search the answer on the internet. According to the searching results, we realized that during flight departure, passenger planes can suffer lightning damage. As a result, there will be lightning strike points, which needs immediate solutions for safety concerns. Besides, we found out that the exterior aircraft components, such as aircraft body, wings, tail, turbine engine and other areas, are vulnerable to corrosion, which also needs immediate solutions. Luckily, we came across a chance to chat with the engineer who works in the airport. Through that meeting, we knew that the maintenance of the aircraft is very important. However, the maintenance of the components depends on professional technicians, weather, the surrounding noise level, and other environmental effects. As a result, we think that it is initial for us to develop a device that can automatically complete the missions of aircraft maintenance. Below are two objectives that we need to complete: 1. Complete a non-destructive testing for aircraft damage, including corrosion and lightning strike points. Assessment areas include: Aircraft body, airplane wings, tail of the aircraft and the turbine engine 2. Engage in scanning results to analyze and predict for flight readiness. The collected results will proceed to the aviation company for inspection and maintenance. Based on these two objectives, we designed an automatic platform for aircraft maintenance. Below are four innovations of this platform: 1. we developed a method to replace the current stage based on the manual operation of the aircraft maintenance, the use of AGV (Automated guided vehicle) and the robotic arm combination. 2. Design a modular platform based on this method, including telescopic four-wheel independent rotating chassis and locking mechanism, scissors lifting mechanism, double sided synchronous belt forward detection telescopic mechanism, etc. The platform can shrink at the minimum height of A320, convenient access to the machine abdomen. 3. The positioning algorithm of the platform relative to the aircraft is proposed.

My purpose of the Research was build a small, compact device for the GoPro, which minimizes shocks that are typically caused by running and makes the video stable. The device must fit into a backpack and must be designed for the GoPro. This scenario raised two central questions for me: Which laws of physics are used for the stabilization of the camera? How can those laws of physics constructively be transformed into a working device? I have built four prototypes. To know which prototype was the best, I compared them and gained data into diagrams. The result with the last prototype was very impressive and encouraging, whether your are walking, running or skiing, the videos were no longer shaky. My final prototype consisted of a hollow tube which extended vertically. My conclusions: First the handheld camera mount mustn't be too light, as the inertia of the device is too low. Second it mustn't be too heavy, because you normally have to hold it over a certain time interval. Inertia as well as lever principal were essential to produce a smooth video. The most difficult part to build was the fully gimbaled suspension because it requires as little friction as possible and it must be precise and solid.

This paper presents a semi-autonomous seeding robot which is based on both electrical and mechanical platforms that perform advance agriculture process. SeedBot composed of four components: drilling mechanism, body of robot, seed container and paving mechanism. Other than those components the sensor system and the control system are also discussed. The aim of this study is designing and building a low-cost robotic system to automate and optimize process during farming especially for personal usage. This study demonstrates that semi-autonomous farming has crucial advantages over conventional farming. In addition to that, SeedBot provides safer, requires less manpower and precise farming than usual methods that we have so far.

The researchers aim to construct an emergency mobile phone charging station that runs on renewable energy and will serve as a cost-efficient alternative to more traditional power banks. Circuit components include a 20V / 6W solar panel supplemented by a hand-crank gear mechanism integrated with a 6V / 1A lead-acid battery, a usb output and an adjustable switch-mode power supply (SMPS) to convert excess voltage into current. Initial voltage and current outputs were measured under varying resistances. It was determined that the set-up satisfied the minimum voltage and current requirement for charging a mobile phone (5V / 1A). A subsequent phone charging test was executed using a Samsung Galaxy J2 (3.85V Li-ion battery 7.70W, Charge Voltage: 4.4V / 2000mAh) wherein it charged on an average of 0.277% per minute for the solar panel and an average of 0.263% per minute for the hand crank gear mechanism. A Mann-Whitney U statistical test was conducted to determine if the charging rate of the charging station had a significant difference from a commercially available power bank’s. The calculated UA: (4) from the test was below the lower limit and the UB: (217) was above the upper limit which indicated that there was a significant difference between the charging rates. While the efficiency was lower than the commercial power bank’s, it can still be used as an alternative charging method especially during emergencies and disasters.

本次研究中，我使用Arduino 單晶片微控制板自製了細懸浮微粒偵測器，用來測量PM2.5的穿透率，以達量化懸浮微粒的效果，實驗中發現，使用摩擦起電的方式因為電場太小無法有效吸附懸浮微粒，接著使用平行電網，發現吸附能力與電壓與總表面積有關，因而改採電纖維通以高壓電的方式進行濾淨，其吸附率約達52%。在整個實驗中我使用Arduino單晶片微控制板控制數據的擷取、分析，與節電系統的調控，做出了一個兼具輕便、低成本、與節電環保的懸浮微粒清淨器。

滑鼠的問世是電腦史上的重大發展，其關鍵設計是以編解碼技術與影像辨識技術，來判斷滑鼠的移動與方向。本作品「行動工具鼠」的最初設計構想是利用滑鼠滾輪滾動的編碼機構與技術，應用圓周運動相對於距離移動的概念，再將滑鼠滾輪的圓周長，乘以滑鼠滾輪轉動圈數，即可得知滾動的距離；若再以單位時間，除以當下所移動的距離，即可得知即時的移動速度。作品更新版，第二代的設計策略，是利用滑鼠內光學鏡頭IC，以非接觸的方式來偵測滑鼠移動的距離。目前最新的設計，是以無線滑鼠，接上手持式行動裝置，搭配自行設計的APP程式，以相對滑鼠移動的概念，來偵測滑鼠的移動方向，以及滑鼠移動軌跡的座標變化量，即可得知滑鼠實際的移動的距離。以此設計與應用，可以完全取代市售測距輪的所有功能，成為日常生活中便利且實用的好工具。

Nowadays, the increase in population and the rapid depletion of nonrenewable energy sources brings the need for energy. In this case, scientists are forced to develop technologies by using renewable energy sources. Sun is the unlimited and renewable energy source. Organic solar cells absorb the light from the sun by the active polymer layer and transform it into electrical power. Organic solar cells are advantageous than inorganic ones because of being low-cost, easy-to-use and proper for large scale applications. In this project, it is aimed to produce organic solar cells by using specific amounts of carbon nanotube (CNT) doping. According to this aim, it is detected by using the fluorescence spectroscopy that CNTs can be used in organic solar cells. Later, the homogenous distribution of doping SWCNT into donor material was displayed by AFM, and correct proportion of SWCNTs are chosen by those images. In order to increase the efficiency of organic solar cell SWCNT doped P3HT was used as donor molecule. The acceptor molecule was PCBM in here. Surface characterization of prepared samples was made by Atomic Force Microscope (AFM), while electrical characterization of them is done with airless environment cabin (glove-box) system in nitrogen environment. As a result, devices prepared with addition of cyclohexanone in P3HT: SWCNT%:PCBM new load paths to carbon nanotubes were provided, as a result of the measurements short circuit current obtained was raised from the reference to 53%. The best yields were found as 2.24% in 0.2% SWCNT doped devices. This result shows efficiency is healed according to the reference rate as 64%. In this study, certain amounts of carbon nanotube doped organic solar cells were produced, which are highly efficient rather than traditional organic solar cells and low cost, easy-to-produce rather than inorganic solar cells, by using environmentally friendly materials.

This article talks about the design, construction and operation of multi-alarm teleoperated. The work contains the different stages of construction that were performed for both hardware and software, as well as the way in which the entire process is developed. The prototype is autonomous. It can to detect the things that happen in the house and send a sms to the cell phone. With the cell phone you can drive a robot in the house.

本研究將離心力的概念導入變速機構中，設計—機械式自行車自動變速器，以達成自動變速的目的。在自行車變速系統中加上配重、凸輪和槓桿組合成一離心機構。從初步的機構模型實驗後得知，車輪轉速變快，配重承受到的離心力越大，配重的位置改變去推動凸輪帶動變速器作動，將鏈條推向小齒輪方向，變速到較高的檔位，踏板變重，避免發生速度過快而踩空的情況，反之當車輪轉速變慢，配重因承受離心力降低而被推回靠近軸心的位置，凸輪跟著被推回，變速器將鏈條拉向大齒輪，進而變速到較低的檔位，達到離心力驅動變速的效果。道路騎乘實驗中可知，裝有離心自動變速機構的自行車，在上坡時能依據踏板速度降低檔位，讓騎乘者可輕鬆完成上坡工作；下坡時則會變速到較高檔位，避免發生踩空情況；平地加速時，檔位也會處於較重檔位，達到準確變速輕鬆騎乘的目的。