果蠅緯度相關晝夜節律特徵:穩定性、活動量分佈與演化意義
Latitude-Dependent Circadian Traits in Drosophila: Stability, Activity Peaks, and Evolutionary Implications
生物時鐘可對生物體的行為與生理造成影響,在探討晝夜節律特徵的差異時,過去研究常侷限於北美大陸的品系,缺少赤道及南半球品系的晝夜節律特徵探討。有鑒於黑腹果蠅在全球各大洲的廣泛分佈,因此我們以黑腹果蠅(近赤道與中高緯度品系)為材料,研究果蠅是否因緯度而有相異的晝夜節律特徵?結果顯示不同緯度的果蠅品系展現出相異的晝夜節律特徵。赤報品系在全暗狀態下仍維持原本光暗12小時的穩定節律,而南北半球的中高緯度品系則具有相似節律特徵,即在全暗狀態下的節律不對齊原本正常光源的穩定節律,其他如活動量、週期、及節律強度等皆有著品系間的差異。更進一步比對實驗中各個品系基因序列,研究發現per和tim在調控區段有許多SNP變異,顯示其與晝夜節律特徵的關係,有助於後續尋找更多造成晝夜節律特徵差異的可能遺傳變異並探討。
Straw manufacturing for epidemic prevention
Recently,thefeedpricesforlivestockfarmshavebeencontinuouslyincreasing, while the prices of calves have been declining, leading to many livestock and dairy farms facing financial losses. If livestock farms are affected by diseases such as foot-and-mouth disease, they suffer significant losses. This is because reducedproductivityinlivestocknotonlyaffectstheirproductionbutalsoentails substantial costs for vaccines and treatments. Therefore, there is a need to explore how to effectively prevent diseases, focusing on common diseases in cattle such as subclinical mastitis and mastitis, and alleviate the burden on farms economically and environmentally. This study aims to investigate the production of bacterial growth-inhibiting straw bedding using substances such as illite and charcoal to contribute to disease prevention.
Sequentially bidirectional gastrovascular flows in highly branched digestive tracts of panocerid flatworm
Examination of the predation behavior of polyclad flatworms is extremely rare. This study collects Paraplanocera oligoglena, the most common species in Taiwan. Tank-based feeding experiments reveal that Paraplanocera oligoglena can prey on several species of gastropods, such as sea snails and sea hares. Predation behavior encompasses attack, invasion and ingestion periods. This research pioneers the use of stained clam and static image analysis to observe the highly branched digestive system of flatworms. The sequentially bidirectional flow of gastrovascular cavity is first found in polyclad flatworms by the post-stain active tracking technique. Measuring peristalsis movement in inward and outward directions and segmented movement, the contraction frequencies are roughly the same in subsequent order of given branches. Confirmation is provided that the circular membrane-like muscles within the digestive tract are the main driving force for transporting and mixing food. The food dyeing technology used in this experiment also provides the possibility of future research on food chains in the wild.