利用電化學合成P型半導體--碘化銅(CuI)光感測器的製作
碘化銅（CuI）為一種P型半導體，在一般文獻中大部分被用做催化劑，合成極為不易。我們利用一簡單電化學合成的方式，可將銅控制在一價銅( Cu?O )，如在有碘離子( I－ )的溶液中便形成CuI。在這研究中我們將所合成出之P 型半導體CuI 製成光感測器，在偵測不同光強時有良好的線性關係(r2=0.9961)。在光感測器的實驗中我們利用CuI 電極，讓它接受光照，使其電流產生光電流，如果能儲存其光電流能量，就可成為一太陽能電池，利用其原理，未來可以發展成為替代能源。 CuI is a kind of P type of semiconductor in the general literatures. Most of the CuI is use to catalyst. Except that, CuI is difficult to synthesis. We use a simple way of Electoctrochemistry complex to keep Cu?O under controlling. For example, in the I- solution, Cu becomes CuI. In the study, we make the synthesis P type of semiconductor to be light sensor. In different lightness, the procedure showed good linearity(r2=0.9961) In the light sensor, we use CuI pole to accept sunlight. Then the current will produce light current. If we could store the energy of light current, it will be a solar energy battery. When we apply the theory, it can develop to be substitute energy.\r
Study Biological Deoderization using Bacteria in Rumen of Ostrich
Although it is well known that, unlike the feces of a fowl, those of an ostrich\r do not produce foul smell, the impact of different enterobacteria on elimination of malodorous\r substances has not been seriously investigated. I sought to test the hypothesis that ostrich\r enterobacteria (OE) are useful to eliminate hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and ammonia (NH3), two\r important components of foul smell of the feces.
Energy-Transformation Railway System
There are numerous problems caused by today's railway system. This makes Hong Kong a less attractive place to live in. We have to tackle these problems in order to make Hong Kong a better place. Our model can recycle the energy dissipated in the rail vibration, reuse the sound energy produced by the wheels and the rail by a sound energy conversion system, recycle the wind power in the tunnel by a new type of wind turbine, the Wind Power Generator Underground (WPGU), recycle the thermal energy produced by the air-conditioning system of railway stations by a new system, the Thermal Energy Conversion (TEC). When the rail is bent, the magnets attached to it are also pulled down. When the rail returns to its original position, the magnets attached to it are pulled out of the coils. In both cases, the magnets move against a force. The work done to move the magnets against the force is converted to electrical energy. Also, the bottom of the MTR is designed to be curved. The sound waves produced by the contact point of the wheels and the rail directing towards the bottom of the MTR would be reflected to an elastic material which has a number of magnets attached to it and corresponding number of solenoids are fixed on the ground below the magnets. Sound energy can be converted to electrical energy in this case. When a train approaches or passes through the section that the WPGU is installed, wind is generated. The wind forces the wind turbine to rotate at a certain high speed. The turbine transmits the rotation to the coils in the dynamo, and hence electricity is generated. Heat released from the air-conditioner is absorbed by water. The hot water is then pumped into the system. As the hot water in the pipe flows through the evaporator, liquid ammonia inside will evaporate and flow into the electricity generator. Inside the electricity generator, the gas will push the turbine to rotate and hence electricity is generated. The ammonia gas is then condensed in the condenser and flows back to the evaporator. Hence ammonia is used circularly. In order to explain our principle, we would like to introduce the Lenz's Law, an induced current flows in such a direction as to oppose the movement that started it, the Faraday's Law of electromagnetic induction, the induced electromotive force in a circuit is equal to the rate of change of magnetic flux through that circuit, the Law of Conservation of Energy, energy can neither be created nor destroyed, but can transform from one form to the other.
棋子跳躍問題
This is a study about the solution to a chess flipping game. The game is based on a 4*4 game grid. First, place some chesses on the grid randomly to start a game. Move any chess by jumping over one or two neighboring chesses in the same row (left or right), same column (up or down), or on the same diagonal. Chesses which get jumped over should be flipped. The ultimate aim is to make all the chesses upside down. In this study, I try to find the rules of the beginning arrangement that ensure solution. Here are the steps I take: First, break the restriction of the 4*4 grid, and set the coordinate system. Second, find out a few “basic illustrations” that can be solved and moved in order to cope with certain complicated problems. Third, with “basic illustrations”, find the rules applying to games on n*n grid. 這是關於翻棋遊戲的可行解之探討。棋盤是一個4*4 的方格，遊戲開始時在棋盤上任意擺上一些棋子，均是正面朝上，利用相鄰棋子的水平、垂直、斜向跳躍，棋子被跳躍過一次則翻面一次，遊戲目的在於使所有的棋子都翻為反面。我要探討的是關於棋局可解不可解的問題，找出棋盤上可解棋局的規則。研究步驟大致如下：一、打破棋盤4*4 的限制，將棋盤座標化。二、找出若干個可解並可移動的「基本圖」。三、利用基本圖，找出n 列棋盤可解的規律。
Sub-Explorer
I came up with the idea to build a small submarine after researching the internet and discovering the problems in which divers had to face in dangerous and time consuming tasks. The Remotely Operated Vessel (ROV) was designed to perform hull inspections on boats to look for hull damage and leakage of contaminates such as oil or other chemicals into the water. Search, rescue and recovery, are also common tasks which need to be carried out by the police when searching for objects and items. The ROV has been constructed at a reasonably low cost for submersing in depths down to 10 metres. It is remotely operated therefore needing a tether cable to link up between the computer and the vessel. I built a computer case-top from parts that I already had to eliminate the need for an expensive laptop. A program that I wrote in QBASIC interprets input data from the operator and sends out signals to the various operations on the vessel such as to dive, surface, propel, etc. The entire project consisted of five individual technology processes. Key processes such as Propulsion, Maneuverability, Dive & Surface capability, Imaging system, and the Control system. Each process required a cost effective and practical solution but still needing to function efficiently and be low maintenance. Through continuous testing and trial & error I feel I came up with the best possible solutions with the limited amount of time and money I had to spend. I wouldn’t have got as far as I have without the help and support from friends, family and local businesses. They helped with ideas and advice from time to time, help with funding, and the sponsorship of materials and tools. Now that the ROV is complete, I have been able to trial and test it in a swimming pool. Apart from discovering a few minor leaks in the hull and ‘bugs’ in the computer program, I was able to witness the success of the vessel under operation and find any improvements that could be done to make it work better in future. With further more tests at greater depths the ROV will soon be at the stage where it can perform hull inspections of boats and find lost objects and items underwater. I feel it has the opportunity to be a marketable device to underwater industries all over the world.
數字波的節點探討
數字波是探討在直線上的起始點、位移速度、總數相互變化的節點關係。在直線上，將全部格子數做為總數(m)，開始彈跳的點為起始點(i)，每次彈跳的格子數為位移速度(s)，被踩到的格子就是節點。節點是由位移速度和起始點決定，起始點本身可視為節點之一，之後的節點是由起始點加n 個位移速度產生。我們分別以三種型式討論：起始點等於位移速度，總數增加：使起始點和位移速度所代表的數字相同的彈跳。節點呈2、s、s+2…起始點固定，位移速度與總數增加：觀察位移速度和總數的關係。兩節點的和=s+2位移速度固定，起始點與總數增加：探討起始點和總數的關係。發現節點隨起始點有規律的變化在上述討論的型式中，我們再進一步將位移速度分為質數和合數，進而依其因數變化，可觀測到很多特殊的節點變化。The number wave is to discuss the relationship of the starting point, the moving speed, and the variations of total amount. In straight lines, let all the trellises be total amount (m), and let the starting jumping point be the starting point (i). The trellis number of each jump is the moving speed(s). The trodden trellises are knots. And knots are decided by the moving speed and the starting point. The starting point itself can be viewed as a knot. The following knots produce with the starting point and n moving speeds. We respectively discuss them in three types: When the starting point equals the moving speed, the total amount increases. The number of the starting point is the same with the jumping moving point; the knots are 2, s, s+2…. When the starting point is fixed, the moving speed and the total number increase. From observing the relationship between the moving speed and the total number, the sum of two knots is s+2. When the moving speed is fixed, the starting point and the total number increase. After our research into the relationship between the starting point and the total amount, we find the knots have regular variations with the starting point. From the types discussed above, we further divide the moving speed into prime numbers and non-prime numbers. Furthermore, according to the factor variations, we can see a lot of specific knot variations.