全國中小學科展

臺灣

曲率的奧秘

我們研究的主題是曲率,且以高中所學的函數為主。雖然大學已有曲率公式,但我們將其表示成高中生較易了解的型式,並且以f(x) 的方式呈現。我們在函數曲線上取不共線三點,構成一個三角形,並求出此三角形的外接圓半徑。再將所取三點逼近,所求之半徑即為特定點的密切圓,也就是曲率半徑。而此曲率半徑的倒數,就是所求的曲率,同時我們將公式帶入高中各常見函數,以導出函數上各點曲率。;Our study is about curvature, especially about the fuctions we learn in senior high school. In university, there is a certain formula for curvature, but we hope to change it into a form that can be easily accepted by senior high school students, and express the formula with f(x), the symbol of functions. We pick three incollinear points from the curve of a function, making the three points into a triangle, and figure out the circumradius of this triangle. Then, we approximate the three points to one of them, and the circumradius will also be the radius of the osculating circle of the point. We define the radius as radius of curvature. The reciprocal of the radius of curvature will be the curvature. Then, we use the formula to figure out the curvature of the functions we learn in senior high school.

懸浮奈米污染物之感測方法(Sensing of Nanopollutants with an Ionic Liquid)

由於奈米科技之進步發展神速,許多難以偵測的奈米污染物可能對生物體造成不可預知的負面影響,然而傳統之感測方法主要針對氣體分子,可能不適用於感測粒狀奈米污染物質。因此,本研究之主要目的是探討(也建立一套)奈米污染物簡易感測方法之可行性。利用二至三個塑膠瓶、塑膠管組裝簡易感測實驗,並且使用非常少量(約0.05 mL)之綠色溶劑(離子熔液),實驗結果顯示奈米ZnO 及螢光粉塵灰(2 或奈米CuO 反而使電阻增加;未通過過濾材料之螢光粉塵灰(2 and phosphor particulates was conducted in a home-made nanopollutant sensing system. Experimentally, abstraction of nano ZnO into the IL caused a reduction of the IL resistance. Similarly, decreasing of the IL resistance was also observed in the abstraction of phosphor particles with particles sizes of 2 particles was found. Abstraction of nano CuO in the IL also led to a slight increase of the IL resistance. The determined characteristic resistances of the IL for abstraction of select nano particles such as nano ZnO, nano CuO, nano TiO2 and phosphor particulates may be used in the development of novel nanopollutants sensors.

過橋問題

「過橋遊戲」規則為有n個人要過橋,他們過橋的速度皆不同,每次2人過橋,過橋的2人中秒數較多的人為該次過橋的秒數,過橋時有人要提燈籠,但燈籠只有一個,所以每次過橋後對岸需有1人提燈籠回到橋頭,和剩餘的人過橋至對岸,直到所有人都過橋。 本研究討論出過橋秒數不一時的最簡走法通式,再由結論推算出秒數為等差、等比、階差規則走法公式。

多功能水上 iRobot −遠端水質監測與垃圾搜集

灌溉香山地區農田,流經學校圍牆旁的汀甫圳,雖為灌溉用水,但水面常有垃圾漂浮,並成為沿岸住家、工廠的排水溝,其中充滿各式汙染,引發我們想製作一台多功能水上iRobot,除了能搜集水上的垃圾外,還能監測水質。 利用超音波感測器控制船體行進路線、電動閘門控制垃圾搜集、光纖偵測油汙與混濁度、自製酸鹼探針測量pH值。已獲得污染偵測之對應物理相關數值,此汙染臨界值具穩定與再現性,並可將汙染監控成果透過藍芽傳送至電腦與手機,達到遠端監測水質與搜集垃圾的目的。 此外透過太陽能板、充電鋰電池,期待可使船體在水上運作,達到環保節能的目標,目前已於校內水池測試成功,預期可推廣至其他水域。

The influence of Hygrophila pogonocalyx restoration on the host preference and larval growth performance of Junonia iphita iphita

一個不定方程q=a2+b2+c2/1+ab+bc+ac整數解的探討

自動化健康管理系統之研製

This study of health diagnosis based on using computer signal analysis technology. In order to make health management more perfect. The main points of this study are wrist pulse and body temperature information, remit to the database of the computer, analyze with the computer. With the internet network , transmit it to the medical center in order to carry and control, seek medical advice, prevent infective disease from spreading, defending healthy purposes of people, this research system includes the following six functions:(1) Automation measured: Can prevent popular disease from spreading , and ensure the medical personnel to avoid being infected.(2) The heart and lungs function warning system:When the pulse beats too fast or slowly, computer will send out warning signal immediately .(3) The body temperature is unusually warning system: When the body temperature is too high or too low, will send out warning signal immediately.(4) Pathology analyzed: Will pick and fetch the pulse wave form, which use the computer procedure to carry on frequency spectrum in order to analyze, then compared with database, with the purpose of analyze pathology. (5) The health managed: Remit the physiological information that quantity examines to the database of computer, offer pathology analysis, carry on the prevention of the disease. (6) Analysis results of the human exercise: With the operation of the database, we can analyze and obtain the effect that all previous sports accumulate .本研究係運用電腦訊號分析科技、資料庫軟體,使健康管理更為完善。研究重點為擷取人體手腕脈象、體溫生理訊息,匯入電腦資料庫,以電腦進行分析。藉由網際網路,傳輸至醫療單位,達到遠端監控、緊急就醫、防止傳染性疾病蔓延,守護國民健康之目的,本研究系統包含下列六大功能:(1) 自動化檢測:可防止流行疾病蔓延,並保障醫護人員避免遭受感染。(2) 心肺功能異常警示:脈搏跳動過快或過慢,立即發出警示。(3) 體溫異常警示:當體溫過高或過低,會發出警示。(4) 病理分析:將擷取脈搏波形,運用電腦程式進行頻譜分析,與資料庫比對,藉以分析病理。(5) 健康管理:將量測之生理訊息匯入電腦資料庫,提供病理分析,進行疾病之預防。(6) 運動成效分析:藉由資料庫之運作,可解析獲得歷次運動累積之成效。

情境照明之仿真控制研究

本作品為一種可選定不同時間地點模仿朝陽/夕陽之情境照明系統,包括複數個發光裝置、濾光及擴散片,選擇接近朝陽/夕陽頻譜的波長,亦即複數個發出紅光、黃光及紅外線的發光元件。本作品提出新的控制法則,透過計時器、繼電器與時序間隔調整控制器,連接各發光元件,控制它們的發光狀態,提供旭日東升、夕陽西下等模式,使用者可調整發光顏色變換的時間間隔,延長夕陽下山前一刻的美好畫面,可讓使用者充分領略夕陽之美。本研究並且可以依某一筆特定時空資料,計算情境變化過程之每一時間點對應於色度圖之軌跡點,即時比對特定時空資料其對應於色度圖之軌跡線,而得到與該軌跡點間兩種累計誤差為最小距離之計算值,並啟亮與該軌跡點相對應之該發光元件組合,如此達到不同時間地點之模仿朝陽/夕陽及雲彩之最佳情境照明效果。

“液”滴活泉-探討液滴與液面的碰撞與振盪

As soon as a drop from the same liquid falls to the surface of the liquid, a crown emerges, which is followed by a Liquid Column shortly afterward. In order to measure the diameter of the short-lived crown and the height of the liquid column, we developed two incredible and useful devices for each one of that. After a series of experiments and discussion, we decided to adopt collision and oscillation to illuminate the phenomenon. And the details are in the reports. 液滴活泉:一種碰撞與振盪的交合,也是表面張力與黏滯力的拉鋸。碰撞的同時與 表面張力交柔展現皇冠;振盪的同時與黏滯力以圓形波動吞噬液滴。 望冠興嘆:激起的液體皇冠徑和隆起的液柱高猶如曇花一現,測量技術就簡單設備 而言是窮則思變的契機。 滴滴入扣:滴落小液滴如質點的碰撞,隨著液面的振盪,而終止於波心;滴落大液 滴如多個小液滴集體行動,如聖誕老公公灑落糖果般,爾後激盪擾動迴旋 不已。

震震有池-水塔阻尼器設計及減震效能探討

本篇為研究影響水塔阻尼器減振效能之因素,受△f、阻尼大小及水體晃動程度的影響。以自製建物及水塔、彈射平台與地震晃動平台進行實驗,後者平台以電鑽為動力來源,由調光器調整電流而可調頻,連接連桿與電鑽的鐵片長度可調幅。實驗得知,水體與建築物△f在臨界值(調諧)範圍內,水體會因共振效應而有效吸收大樓能量,若水塔底部改為曲面,亦能使水體更易晃動而有效吸收大樓晃動能量;另一影響因素為阻尼大小,網子、內部粗糙度、浮球及隔板開啟狀態均造成阻尼提升。隔板開啟狀態越高,水體自然頻率越低,反之亦然,而加入隔板亦可提升阻尼、降低延遲震盪時間;也許可用隔板開啟狀態調整水體頻率使得設計水塔阻尼器變得更易調整水體自然頻率。