傅立葉轉換於奈米螢光鑽石超微量偵測之研究
螢光奈米鑽石(Fluorescent Nanodiamond, FND)主要應用於生物定位,其結構中與一個氮原子相鄰的晶格缺陷部分(Nitrogen-Vacancy, NV^-)照射波長532nm的雷射會發出637nm的螢光,對FND施加磁場會使螢光強度減弱。由於在低濃度溶液中螢光訊號會被溶液的背景雜訊掩蓋而難以偵測,因此設計實驗對FND施加穩定變換的磁場,此動作能夠使螢光強度也進行相同週期的變化。針對此週期進行快速傅立葉轉換(Fast Fourier Transformation, FFT)得出的數值會與螢光強度呈正比,進而推知FND濃度,有效排除不隨磁場變動的背景雜訊。研究結果顯示,施加磁場並使用FFT能夠成功排除牛血清蛋白(Bovine Serum Albumin, BSA)、碘化丙啶(Propidium Iodide, PI)、水、血液的背景輻射,且FND在高離子濃度溶液中會沉澱,在表層包覆BSA則可以有效地改善此現象。FND不易受到血液的背景輻射干擾螢光測定。
CONTACTLESS AND NON-DESTRUCTIVE DETECTION OF CHICKEN MEAT CONTAMINATION WITH LASER SPECKLE METHOD
Harmful microorganisms in food can cause deterioration of human health, poisoning and in some cases even death. Especially fresh meat and chicken products create a suitable environment for the growth of microorganisms in terms of the nutrients it contains, water activity and pH level. For this reason, detection of microorganisms in meat products is an important issue in terms of food safety and human health. In this project, it is aimed to detect live microorganisms in meat products, especially chicken meat, in a simple, non-destructive, non-contact and fast way using laser speckle method. Laser speckle images of healthy and stale chicken meat were taken, contrast parameter and correlation analysis of the obtained patterns were made. It was observed that the contrast parameter for staled chicken meat increased by approximately 3 times compared to fresh chicken. This increase provides an understanding of the difference between contaminated chicken and fresh chicken. Speckle density changes over time in relation to the movements of living microorganisms. Thus, the correlation in laser speckle density patterns taken from contaminated tissues is disrupted. In the measurements taken with photodiode, by analyzing the change of light intensity of the speckle patterns on fresh and contaminated tissues over time, the detection of microorganisms was made easier and more precisely without the need for image processing. The proposed measurement system is a new method that detects meat contamination with laser speckle imaging. It can be developed and made portable and can be used easily in homes. Since it is a simple, non-destructive and fast method, it can be used to determine the shelf life of meat in food distribution places and markets. In addition, it has the potential to be calibrated and used for other food products other than meat products. The system developed with this study is cheap and easy to use, and the laser speckle imaging method is used in a different field other than biomedical, contributing to the literature.
Development of UV-Protection Roofing Tile from Nitrogen-doped Graphene Quantum Dots (N-GQDs) for Rubber Drying Chambers
Improved methods of processing latex into rubber sheets will improve the incomes of small rubber producers. There are two ways in which latex can be processed into rubber sheets: fumigation and solar incubation. The fumigation method is expensive and produces pollution, but solar incubation can cause dark, sticky rubber sheets due to UV radiation, which reduces their value. A low-cost and environmentally-friendly solution to this problem was investigated here. A UV-protective roofing panel made using Nitrogen-doped Graphene Quantum Dots (NGQDs) was developed and tested. N-GQDs were made using the hydrothermal process for 2 and 4 hours (T2 and T4) and the solvothermal process for 4, 6, and 8 hours (TS4, TS6, and TS8). It was found that all types of N-GQDs absorbed light in the UV range, withT4 showing the greatest absorption. T4 had the greatest Fluorescent Intensity (FL) value, emitting blue light, while for the solvothermal method TS6 had the highest FL value, emitting red light. T4 and TS6 were chosen for further testing, and were applied to a clear roofing tile. After installing the roof on the chamber, the temperature inside was higher than outside. Then we measure the UV protection efficiency of the roof which was 93.27%. The average temperature was 45℃, which is the temperature for drying rubber sheets. Due to the roof’s capability to absorb UV radiation and heat the chamber, our N-GQDs roof has a great ability to produce higher-quality rubber sheets.